本文選題：原子核　切入點：不確定度分解方法　出處：《原子核物理評論》2017年01期

【摘要】：一個模型適合描述哪些物理量?這個問題可以通過模型的物理來源來回答。比如,液滴模型適合描述重核和遠離滿殼核。這是因為液滴近似更適用于核子數多的核以及液滴模型不包含殼效應。這樣的回答是定性的并需要清楚模型的物理來源。是否可能僅通過模型的數學形式和實驗數據就能給出半定量的解答?利用最近提出的不確定度分解方法嘗試對液滴模型適合描述哪些核這一問題進行半定量的回答。并且不需已知液滴模型的物理來源,僅需其數學形式以及實驗數據。通過不確定度分解方法,液滴模型與實驗數據間的殘差可以分解為系統(tǒng)不確定度和統(tǒng)計不確定度。兩者分別代表了模型的缺陷和模型不精確的參數帶來的不確定度。基于這一分解,核素圖上的原子核可以按其對應的殘差被半定量地劃分為系統(tǒng)不確定度主導、統(tǒng)計不確定度主導、以及中間區(qū)域。液滴模型適合描述的核就是統(tǒng)計不確定度主導殘差的核而不是像通常認為的是殘差最小的核。從核素圖上看,統(tǒng)計不確定度主導殘差的核正是重核以及遠離滿殼核,與液滴模型物理來源一致,但得到這一結果的過程是半定量的且僅需液滴模型的數學形式以及實驗數據。如果對由統(tǒng)計不確定度主導殘差的核重新擬合液滴模型的參數,模型可以很好地描述這些核(標準差小于0.7 MeV)。
[Abstract]:Which physical quantities is a model suitable to describe? This question can be answered through the physical source of the model. For example, The droplet model is suitable for describing heavy nuclei and being far away from the full shell. This is because the droplet approximation is more suitable for nuclei with more nucleons and the droplet model does not contain a shell effect. This answer is qualitative and requires a clear understanding of the physical source of the model. Is it possible to give a semi-quantitative solution only through the mathematical form and experimental data of the model? Using the recently proposed uncertainty decomposition method, we try to give a semi-quantitative answer to the question that the drop model is suitable for describing which nuclei, and it is not necessary to know the physical source of the droplet model. Only its mathematical form and experimental data. By the method of uncertainty decomposition, The residual error between the droplet model and the experimental data can be decomposed into system uncertainty and statistical uncertainty, which represent the imperfections of the model and the uncertainty caused by the imprecise parameters of the model, respectively. The nuclei on the nuclide map can be semi-quantitatively divided into system uncertainty and statistical uncertainty according to their corresponding residuals. And the middle region. The core that the droplet model fits to describe is the one where statistical uncertainty dominates the residuals, rather than, as is commonly thought, the smallest residuals. The core that dominates the residuals of statistical uncertainty is the heavy nucleus and far away from the full shell core, which is consistent with the physical source of the droplet model. However, the process of obtaining this result is semi-quantitative and requires only the mathematical form of the droplet model and experimental data. If the parameters of the droplet model are refitted to the nucleus dominated by statistical uncertainty, The model can well describe these kernels (the standard deviation is less than 0.7 MeV ~ (1)).
【作者單位】： 中山大學中法核工程與技術學院;
【基金】：National Natural Science Foundation of China(11305272) Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of Higher Education(20130171120014) Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(2014A030313217) Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou(201506010060)~~
【分類號】：O571.2

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