【摘要】：車聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)隸屬物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的范疇，主要應(yīng)用于智能交通系統(tǒng)（ITS，IntelligentTransport System）。作為智能交通系統(tǒng)的典型運(yùn)用，，車聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)綜合使用了信號(hào)與信息處理技術(shù)、消息分發(fā)技術(shù)、遙感與識(shí)別技術(shù)、數(shù)據(jù)挖掘技術(shù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)接入與控制技術(shù)等，把道路和車輛的各種動(dòng)、靜態(tài)信息通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接起來(lái)，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)多個(gè)維度的系統(tǒng)大規(guī)模、大數(shù)據(jù)的信息融合，最終起到減少道路事故、優(yōu)化交通資源配置的作用。車聯(lián)網(wǎng)典型的應(yīng)用服務(wù)主要分為交通道路安全服務(wù)、交通數(shù)據(jù)采集分發(fā)服務(wù)以及娛樂信息服務(wù)三大類。但是目前基于車聯(lián)網(wǎng)的信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)普遍存在通信質(zhì)量差、傳輸速率低、系統(tǒng)并發(fā)訪問差，業(yè)務(wù)單一等問題。智能交通領(lǐng)域上缺乏提供完善服務(wù)的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)。 首先，本文研究了兩種有助于提高車聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用服務(wù)質(zhì)量的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，即WAVE(Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment)通信協(xié)議棧技術(shù)以及LAMP（Linux+Apache+MySQL+Python）架構(gòu)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)平臺(tái)架設(shè)技術(shù)，并簡(jiǎn)要的分析這兩種關(guān)鍵技術(shù)的特性。其次，在針對(duì)車聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息數(shù)量多、數(shù)據(jù)量大、通信時(shí)間短的特點(diǎn)，提出了三層架構(gòu)的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建方案；針對(duì)車聯(lián)網(wǎng)通信環(huán)境快速多變、通信質(zhì)量差的特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)了以WAVE協(xié)議棧作為信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)的底層通信協(xié)議的方案；針對(duì)車聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶數(shù)量龐大，車聯(lián)網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心并發(fā)訪問需求高的特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)了基于LAMP架構(gòu)的Web網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心的方案。最后，再根據(jù)本文提出的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)方案，詳細(xì)描述信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心、路側(cè)單元RSU（RoadSideUnit）和車載單元OBU(OnBoardUnit)三個(gè)層次中各個(gè)功能子模塊的具體實(shí)現(xiàn)方法。 與傳統(tǒng)信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)相比，車聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)摒棄了此前常用的C/S架構(gòu)，使用本文提出的適合車聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境的三層架構(gòu)體系，以WAVE協(xié)議棧作為系統(tǒng)通信基礎(chǔ)，采用高性能高并發(fā)量的LAMP構(gòu)建Web網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心。經(jīng)測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，本文所設(shè)計(jì)的雛形系統(tǒng)，其點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn)通信傳輸帶寬約為12Mbits/s，單服務(wù)器可滿足200-500個(gè)車載單元OBU同時(shí)在線訪問。該車聯(lián)網(wǎng)信息發(fā)布系統(tǒng)能滿足面向車聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用的服務(wù)需求，對(duì)構(gòu)建新型的智能交通具有一定的實(shí)踐意義。
[Abstract]:Vehicle networking technology belongs to the scope of Internet of things technology, mainly used in intelligent transportation systems (ITS,IntelligentTransport System).) As a typical application of intelligent transportation system, vehicle networking technology uses signal and information processing technology, message distribution technology, remote sensing and identification technology, data mining technology, network access and control technology, etc. All kinds of dynamic and static information of road and vehicle are connected through the Internet, so as to realize the large-scale system of multiple dimensions and big data's information fusion, which ultimately play a role in reducing road accidents and optimizing traffic resource allocation. The typical application services of vehicle networking are divided into three categories: traffic road safety service, traffic data collection and distribution service and entertainment information service. However, there are some problems such as poor communication quality, low transmission rate, poor concurrent access, single service and so on. In the field of intelligent transportation, there is a lack of vehicle networking information publishing system to provide perfect services. First of all, this paper studies two key technologies to improve the quality of service (QoS) of vehicle networking applications, that is, WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment) communication protocol stack technology and network service platform erection technology based on LAMP (Linux Apache MySQL Python) architecture. The characteristics of these two key technologies are analyzed briefly. Secondly, aiming at the characteristics of large amount of vehicle networking information, large amount of data and short communication time, this paper puts forward a construction scheme of three-tier vehicle networking information publishing system. Aiming at the characteristics of fast and changeable communication environment and poor communication quality, a scheme of using WAVE protocol stack as the bottom communication protocol of information publishing system is designed. In view of the large number of users and the high demand for concurrent access to the vehicle network center, a scheme of Web network center based on LAMP architecture is designed. Finally, according to the system design scheme proposed in this paper, the detailed description of the information distribution system network center, road side unit RSU (RoadSideUnit) and vehicular unit OBU (OnBoardUnit) three levels of each functional sub-module implementation method. Compared with the traditional information publishing system, the vehicle networking information publishing system abandons the C / S architecture, and uses the three-tier architecture which is suitable for the vehicle networking environment, and takes the WAVE protocol stack as the system communication basis. LAMP with high performance and high concurrency is used to construct Web network center. The experimental results show that the peer-to-peer communication bandwidth of the prototype system is about 12Mbits / s, and the single server can meet the requirements of 200-500 on-board OBU simultaneous online access. The system can meet the service demand of the vehicle network application, and it has some practical significance to build a new type of intelligent transportation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U495;TN929.5;TP391.44

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