【摘要】：極化敏感陣列信號(hào)處理相比標(biāo)量天線增加了極化參數(shù)估計(jì)維度,通過(guò)同時(shí)利用入射信號(hào)的空域和極化域信息,提升了陣列信號(hào)處理的輸出性能(包括參數(shù)估計(jì)),所以越來(lái)越多地受到陣列信號(hào)處理領(lǐng)域研究人員的關(guān)注。傳統(tǒng)的聯(lián)合極化—空域譜估計(jì)方法利用極化—空域的旋轉(zhuǎn)不變性求解波達(dá)方向(俯仰角、方位角)和極化狀態(tài)(輔極化角、極化相位差)。然而實(shí)際中存在著幅相誤差,造成旋轉(zhuǎn)不變性難以滿足,導(dǎo)致參數(shù)估計(jì)性能下降甚至完全失效。針對(duì)此問(wèn)題,考慮采用壓縮感知在降低硬件復(fù)雜度和算法復(fù)雜度的同時(shí),提高極化敏感陣列在幅相誤差情況下參數(shù)估計(jì)性能。為此,本文展開(kāi)了基于完備電磁矢量傳感器和三正交偶極子陣列的利用壓縮感知提升極化敏感陣列參數(shù)估計(jì)性能的研究。針對(duì)完備電磁矢量傳感器參數(shù)估計(jì)精度不佳的問(wèn)題,提出一種基于完備電磁矢量和磁場(chǎng)Z軸極化方向平面陣的聯(lián)合極化—空域VS-OMP(Vector-Sensor Orthogonal Matching Pursuit)壓縮感知譜估計(jì)方法。首先,對(duì)位于坐標(biāo)軸原點(diǎn)的完備電磁矢量傳感器接收的信號(hào),利用時(shí)移不變性粗估波達(dá)方向和極化狀態(tài);其次,以粗估波達(dá)方向?yàn)橹行摹⒔o定誤差范圍為半徑建立平面陣的空域局部拼接字典;然后,通過(guò)正交匹配跟蹤方法實(shí)現(xiàn)波達(dá)方向精估計(jì)。仿真結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性,并且體現(xiàn)了該方法對(duì)單信源情形下性能接近于旋轉(zhuǎn)不變子空間(Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques,ESPRIT)方法,但在強(qiáng)弱多信源下,ESPRIT方法和VS-OMP方法估計(jì)精度都不高。針對(duì)存在強(qiáng)弱信號(hào)并存和存在幅相誤差的情況,提出一種基于三正交偶極子陣列的強(qiáng)弱信號(hào)分離的穩(wěn)健壓縮感知參數(shù)估計(jì)方法,首先,對(duì)三正交偶極子陣列接收的三個(gè)電場(chǎng)分量,通過(guò)OMP方法實(shí)現(xiàn)X、Y、Z三組偶極子陣列的波達(dá)方向估計(jì),數(shù)值平均這三組估計(jì)結(jié)果;其次,采用保形調(diào)零方法實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)弱信號(hào)的增強(qiáng)和強(qiáng)信號(hào)的抑制,并且避免了對(duì)極化信息的污染,最后,對(duì)歸一化的電場(chǎng)矢量解算出強(qiáng)弱目標(biāo)的極化狀態(tài)。仿真結(jié)果表明與傳統(tǒng)方法相比,所提方法在存在幅相誤差時(shí)提升了極化—空域參數(shù)估計(jì)性能,在有相干源情況下,無(wú)需額外處理即可實(shí)現(xiàn)相干源的參數(shù)估計(jì)�？傮w而言,相比基于ESPRIT的傳統(tǒng)聯(lián)合極化—空域譜估計(jì)方法,在相干源和存在幅相誤差的情形下利用壓縮感知方法可以提高極化敏感陣列參數(shù)估計(jì)性能。
[Abstract]:Compared with scalar antennas, polarization-sensitive array signal processing increases the dimension of polarization parameter estimation, and improves the output performance of array signal processing (including parameter estimation) by using the spatial and polarization domain information of incident signal simultaneously. So more and more researchers in the field of array signal processing pay more and more attention. The traditional joint polarization-spatial domain spectral estimation method uses the rotation invariance of polarization-spatial domain to solve the direction of arrival (pitch angle, azimuth) and polarization state (auxiliary polarization angle, polarization phase difference). However, there are amplitude and phase errors in practice, which result in the rotation invariance is difficult to satisfy, and the performance of parameter estimation is degraded or even completely invalid. To solve this problem, compression sensing is considered to reduce the complexity of hardware and algorithm and to improve the performance of parameter estimation of polarization-sensitive arrays in the case of amplitude-phase error. Therefore, based on complete electromagnetic vector sensor and tri-orthogonal dipole array, the parameter estimation performance of polarization-sensitive array based on compression sensing is studied. Aiming at the problem of poor precision of parameter estimation of complete electromagnetic vector sensor, a joint polarization-spatial domain VS-OMP (Vector-Sensor Orthogonal Matching Pursuit) compressed sensing spectrum estimation method) based on complete electromagnetic vector and Z-axis polarization direction plane array of magnetic field is proposed. Firstly, the time shift invariance is used to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) and polarization state of the signals received by the complete electromagnetic vector sensor at the origin of the coordinate axis. Secondly, taking the direction of arrival as the center and the given error range as the radius, the spatial local splicing dictionary of the plane array is established, and then the precise estimation of the direction of arrival is realized by the orthogonal matching tracking method. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, and show that the performance of the method is close to that of the rotating invariant subspace (Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques,ESPRIT method in the case of single source, but in the case of strong or weak multi-source, the performance of the proposed method is similar to that of the rotation-invariant subspace method. The estimation accuracy of ESPRIT method and VS-OMP method are not high. In view of the coexistence of strong and weak signals and the existence of amplitude and phase errors, a robust compression sensing parameter estimation method based on the separation of strong and weak signals based on three orthogonal dipole arrays is proposed. For the three electric field components received by the triorthogonal dipole array, the direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of the three sets of dipole arrays is realized by using the OMP method, and the numerical average of these three sets of estimation results are obtained. Secondly, the enhancement of weak signal and the suppression of strong signal are realized by the method of shape preserving zero adjustment, and the pollution of polarization information is avoided. Finally, the polarization state of strong and weak target is calculated by solving the normalized electric field vector solution. The simulation results show that the proposed method improves the performance of polarization-spatial parameter estimation in the presence of amplitude-phase errors. In the case of coherent sources, the parameter estimation of coherent sources can be realized without additional processing. In general, compared with the traditional joint polarization-spatial spectral estimation method based on ESPRIT, the performance of polarization-sensitive array parameter estimation can be improved by using compressed sensing method in the case of coherent source and amplitude and phase error.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN911.7

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