【摘要】：當(dāng)前我國亟需掌握西太平洋上航母等大型艦艇的動態(tài),基于微波對流層散射的雷達(dá)頻譜監(jiān)視能夠滿足高空間、時(shí)間覆蓋性及實(shí)時(shí)性。相對傳統(tǒng)無源探測,對流層散射雷達(dá)信號具有特殊的性質(zhì)。首先在對流層散射理論基礎(chǔ)上建立俯仰向散射模型,分析模型參數(shù)對聚集能量的影響,提出寬頻帶探測系統(tǒng)中接收天線最佳仰角計(jì)算方法,研究目標(biāo)俯仰向多波束對系統(tǒng)帶來的影響,結(jié)合典型雷達(dá)信號俯仰向特性進(jìn)行分析。確定了接收天線最佳仰角,得出目標(biāo)俯仰向多波束時(shí)可積累仰角在2度內(nèi)的波束能量,并且不同仰角的波束有群延遲。其次建立方位向散射模型,研究接收天線方位向如何聚集能量、目標(biāo)方位向靜止和掃描對測向帶來的影響,分析這些影響與重要參數(shù)的關(guān)系,結(jié)合典型雷達(dá)信號進(jìn)行說明。得出接收天線方位向需要分集接收,并且存在一個(gè)與接收系統(tǒng)無關(guān)的最小測向誤差角和最小虛像模糊角,接收天線架設(shè)越高對測向越有利。再次建立陣列接收信號模型,分析陣元間相位的變化關(guān)系,對比其與傳統(tǒng)值的異同,改進(jìn)傳統(tǒng)陣列信號處理算法。得出一維等間距線陣中陣元間相位差與陣元編號呈線性關(guān)系,但陣列接收對流層散射信號中各陣元間還存在相位擴(kuò)散項(xiàng),會引起測向誤差和測向模糊。最后設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了一套模塊式可擴(kuò)展的高速同步采集記錄系統(tǒng)。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)采用模塊化設(shè)計(jì),擴(kuò)展性強(qiáng),能夠14bit 180MHz連續(xù)采樣,時(shí)鐘模塊一級級聯(lián)可實(shí)現(xiàn)128路同步采集記錄。
[Abstract]:At present, our country urgently needs to master the dynamics of large ships such as aircraft carriers in the western Pacific Ocean. Radar spectrum monitoring based on microwave tropospheric scattering can satisfy high spatial, time coverage and real-time performance. Compared with traditional passive detection, tropospheric scattering radar signals have special properties. Based on the tropospheric scattering theory, the pitching scattering model is established, and the influence of the model parameters on the aggregation energy is analyzed. A method for calculating the optimal elevation angle of the receiving antenna in the broadband detection system is proposed. The effect of target pitching multi-beam on the system is studied, and the pitching characteristic of typical radar signal is analyzed. The optimum elevation angle of the receiving antenna is determined, and the beam energy with the elevation angle within 2 degrees can be accumulated when the target pitches to multiple beams, and the beam with different elevation angles has group delay. Secondly, the azimuth scattering model is established to study how the energy is gathered in the azimuth direction of the receiving antenna, the influence of the target azimuth static direction and the scanning direction on the direction finding, and the relationship between these effects and the important parameters is analyzed, and the typical radar signal is explained. It is concluded that the azimuth direction of the receiving antenna needs diversity reception, and there exists a minimum direction finding error angle and a minimum false image ambiguity angle independent of the receiving system. The higher the reception antenna is, the more favorable the direction finding is. Thirdly, an array received signal model is established to analyze the phase change relationship between array elements, compare the differences and similarities between the array received signals and traditional values, and improve the traditional array signal processing algorithm. It is concluded that the phase difference between the elements is linearly related to the element number in the one-dimensional equidistant linear array, but there are phase diffusion terms among the elements in the array receiving the tropospheric scattering signal, which will lead to the direction finding error and direction ambiguity. Finally, a modular and extensible high-speed synchronous acquisition and recording system is designed and implemented. The whole system adopts modularization design, strong expansibility, can 14bit 180MHz continuous sampling, clock module level cascade can realize 128-channel synchronous acquisition and record.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：國防科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN957.51

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