發(fā)布時間：2018-11-12 18:15

【摘要】：在當代電子對抗環(huán)境中,隨著對軍事裝備的精確度和進攻速度的需求日益提高,對目標被動測距的精度和應用范圍要求也越來越高。隨著光電技術(shù)的發(fā)展,紅外目標大氣傳輸特性的相關(guān)研究也愈發(fā)深入,基于大氣傳輸特性的被動測距方法也愈發(fā)受到研究者的重視。由于氧氣在大氣中分布比例恒定,且在氧氣A吸收帶附近受其他氣體的干擾非常小,所以利用氧氣的吸收特性進行被動測距,測距精度高,測距的距離范圍更廣在氧氣吸收光譜特性的理論框架下,本文利用大氣仿真軟件MODTRAN,建立了不同傳輸條件下的大氣紅外傳輸模型,得到了一系列傳輸參數(shù)。確定了研究不同環(huán)境條件變化對氧氣吸收率影響的方法,分別研究了不同環(huán)境因素,如天頂角度、觀測點海拔高度、觀測點經(jīng)度、緯度等,的變化對A帶內(nèi)氧氣吸收率的影響,明確了氧氣吸收率與各種環(huán)境條件間的變化關(guān)系,并得到了氧氣吸收率隨不同環(huán)境條件變化的經(jīng)驗公式。在對氧氣吸收率隨不同環(huán)境條件變化的分析研究的基礎上,本文確定了基于氧氣A吸收帶進行被動測距的研究范圍,然后在對已有測距方案研究分析的基礎上,提出利用幾種常見的S型曲線作為氧氣平均吸收率隨傳輸距離變化的經(jīng)驗公式進行研究,經(jīng)過對公式計算性能和算法復雜度的綜合考慮,結(jié)合本文的實際需求,提出并確定了本文中使用的氧氣平均吸收率隨輻射傳輸距離變化的經(jīng)驗公式。為了更全面且細致的研究輻射傳輸距離與氧氣吸收率間的關(guān)系,并最終實現(xiàn)被動測距,本文創(chuàng)新地提出了以天頂角度和觀測點海拔高度作為研究對象,在不同的輻射傳輸距離上,建立氧氣吸收率隨這兩項環(huán)境條件變化的三維模型,進而實現(xiàn)被動測距。實現(xiàn)過程中,分別在輻射傳輸距離為5km,10km,20km,35km, 50km時,通過大量的計算和擬合,建立出了所需的三維曲面模型,并最終將這五個三維模型圖整合在同一個三維立體中,得到平均氧氣吸收率隨天頂角度和觀測點海拔高度變化的三維模型。在建立出的三維模型的基礎上,進行了被動測距的仿真實驗,驗證了利用建立三維曲面模型來進行測距方案的可行性,精確率較好,測距相對誤差在3%以內(nèi),為基于氧氣吸收特性的被動測距提供了一個新思路。
[Abstract]:In the modern electronic countermeasure environment, with the increasing demand for the precision and attack speed of military equipment, the accuracy and application range of target passive ranging are more and more demanding. With the development of optoelectronic technology, the research on the atmospheric transmission characteristics of infrared target has become more and more in-depth, and the passive ranging method based on the atmospheric transmission characteristics has been paid more and more attention by researchers. Because the proportion of oxygen distribution in the atmosphere is constant, and the interference from other gases is very small near the oxygen A absorption band, the passive distance finding is carried out by using the absorption characteristics of oxygen, and the ranging accuracy is high. The range of ranging is wider under the theoretical framework of oxygen absorption spectrum characteristics. In this paper, the atmospheric infrared transmission model under different transmission conditions is established by using the atmospheric simulation software MODTRAN, and a series of transmission parameters are obtained. The methods of studying the effect of different environmental conditions on the oxygen absorption rate were determined, and the effects of different environmental factors, such as zenith angle, altitude, longitude, latitude, etc., on the oxygen absorption rate in band A were studied respectively. The relationship between oxygen absorption rate and various environmental conditions is clarified, and the empirical formula of oxygen absorption rate changing with different environmental conditions is obtained. On the basis of the analysis and study of oxygen absorption rate changing with different environmental conditions, this paper determines the research range of passive ranging based on oxygen A absorption band, and then on the basis of the analysis of existing ranging schemes. Several common S-shaped curves are used as empirical formulas for the variation of average oxygen absorptivity with transmission distance. The computational performance and computational complexity of the formulas are considered synthetically, combined with the actual demand of this paper. An empirical formula for the variation of the average absorption rate of oxygen with the radiation transfer distance is proposed and determined. In order to study the relationship between radiative transmission distance and oxygen absorption rate more comprehensively and meticulously, and finally to realize passive ranging, this paper proposes to take the zenith angle and the altitude of observation point as the research object. A three-dimensional model of oxygen absorptivity varying with these two environmental conditions was established at different radiative transmission distances, and then passive ranging was realized. In the process of realizing, when the radiative transfer distance is 5 km10 km-1 20 km-1 35km, through a lot of calculation and fitting, the required 3D curved surface model is established, and finally the five 3D model diagrams are integrated into the same 3D solid. A three-dimensional model of the average oxygen absorption rate varying with the zenith angle and the altitude of the observation point was obtained. On the basis of the established 3D model, the simulation experiment of passive ranging is carried out, and the feasibility of using 3D curved surface model to carry out ranging scheme is verified. The accuracy rate is good, and the relative error of ranging is less than 3%. It provides a new idea for passive ranging based on oxygen absorption characteristics.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：O433;TN97

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本文編號：2327838