【摘要】：低壓電力線通信是指利用現(xiàn)有電力線網(wǎng)絡實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)囊环N通信方式,具有線路投資小,連接方便等優(yōu)點,應用前景廣泛。隨著通信技術及自適應技術的發(fā)展,低壓電力線通信獲得了飛速發(fā)展,同時朝著實用化方向前進,已成為當前科技領域的研究熱點。但是,在380/220V低壓電力線上進行信號通信,與高壓電力線通信相比有其固有的不利特性,突出表現(xiàn)在信道環(huán)境惡劣且時變性大、負載多、線路阻抗小、信號衰減大、發(fā)送功率受限、噪聲干擾嚴重等特點,設計一個適用于該信道環(huán)境的通信系統(tǒng)是目前低壓電力線通信的關鍵難題。本課題針對低壓電力線信道特性,研究相適應的關鍵通信技術,設計一種自適應速率傳輸系統(tǒng)來實現(xiàn)可靠、高效的通信。文章通過分析傳統(tǒng)2FSK調(diào)制解調(diào)方法,利用譜估計和時頻分析理論實現(xiàn)基于DSTFT解調(diào)的2FSK通信系統(tǒng)。根據(jù)低壓電力線信道特性對通信系統(tǒng)的影響,研究信道估計方法,提出針對頻域解調(diào)的基于DSTFT信噪比估計算法,為自適應速率傳輸系統(tǒng)中的數(shù)據(jù)最大比合并和等增益合并等方法提供解調(diào)參數(shù),提高譯碼性能。自適應速率傳輸系統(tǒng)的設計主要包括CRC檢錯碼、前向糾錯碼、HARQ技術、數(shù)據(jù)合并方法以及自適應速率同步調(diào)整算法等方面。同時,利用MATLAB搭建自適應速率傳輸系統(tǒng)模型,仿真分析系統(tǒng)性能。采用TI公司高性能32位定點DSP芯片TMS320F2812作為核心控制平臺,軟件編程實現(xiàn)LPLC自適應速率傳輸系統(tǒng)中各個模塊的核心算法,包括2FSK調(diào)制模塊、基于DSTFT的2FSK解調(diào)模塊、串口收發(fā)模塊、CRC檢錯碼模塊、漢明碼編碼與解碼模塊、HARQ反饋控制模塊、數(shù)據(jù)合并模塊和收發(fā)兩端自適應速率同步調(diào)整模塊等。并設計相應的外圍電路,包括發(fā)送功放、耦合、諧振濾波和接收信號放大電路等,實現(xiàn)完整的點對點低壓電力線通信系統(tǒng)。最后搭建低壓電力線通信實驗測試平臺,通過不同的信道環(huán)境,分別測試與分析自適應速率傳輸系統(tǒng)在不同參數(shù)情況下的系統(tǒng)性能。實驗結果表明,文章所設計的LPLC自適應速率傳輸系統(tǒng)可以有效提高通信系統(tǒng)的抗干擾能力,可以在惡劣的低壓電力線信道環(huán)境下提高其通信可靠性。
[Abstract]:Low-voltage power line communication is a kind of communication mode which uses the existing power line network to realize data transmission. It has the advantages of low investment and convenient connection, and has a wide application prospect. With the development of communication technology and adaptive technology, low-voltage power line communication has been rapidly developed, and it has become a research hotspot in the field of science and technology. However, the signal communication on 380 / 220V low voltage power line has its inherent disadvantages compared with high voltage power line communication, which is characterized by bad channel environment, large time-varying, high load, low line impedance and large signal attenuation. With the characteristics of limited transmission power and serious noise interference, it is a key problem to design a communication system suitable for this channel environment. According to the characteristics of low voltage power line channel, this paper studies the key communication technology and designs an adaptive rate transmission system to realize reliable and efficient communication. By analyzing the traditional 2FSK modulation and demodulation methods, the 2FSK communication system based on DSTFT demodulation is realized by using spectrum estimation and time-frequency analysis theory. According to the influence of low voltage power line channel characteristics on the communication system, the channel estimation method is studied, and a DSTFT SNR estimation algorithm based on frequency domain demodulation is proposed. It can provide demodulation parameters for data maximum ratio combination and equal gain combination in adaptive rate transmission system, and improve decoding performance. The design of adaptive rate transmission system mainly includes CRC error detection code, forward error correction code HARQ technology, data merging method and adaptive rate synchronization adjustment algorithm. At the same time, the adaptive rate transmission system model is built with MATLAB, and the system performance is simulated and analyzed. The high performance 32-bit fixed-point DSP chip TMS320F2812 of TI is used as the core control platform. The core algorithm of each module in the LPLC adaptive rate transmission system is realized by software programming, including the 2FSK modulation module and the 2FSK demodulation module based on DSTFT. The serial transceiver module includes CRC error detection code module, hamming code coding and decoding module, HARQ feedback control module, data merging module and self-adaptive rate synchronous adjusting module. The corresponding peripheral circuits are designed, including transmission power amplifier, coupling, resonant filtering and receiving signal amplifying circuit, to realize a complete point-to-point low-voltage power line communication system. Finally, an experimental test platform for low-voltage power line communication is built to test and analyze the performance of the adaptive rate transmission system under different parameters through different channel environments. The experimental results show that the LPLC adaptive rate transmission system designed in this paper can effectively improve the anti-jamming ability of the communication system and improve its communication reliability under the bad low-voltage power line channel environment.
【學位授予單位】：福州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN913.6;TN911.23

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