多路徑傳輸管理技術(shù)的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-13 18:14
【摘要】：近年來,智能終端逐漸取代桌面?zhèn)�人電腦成為未來網(wǎng)絡(luò)中最重要的接入點(diǎn)；同時(shí)寬帶接入技術(shù)迅猛發(fā)展,泛在網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境日趨成熟,任一智能終端均可同時(shí)使用多個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。因此,多路徑傳輸作為一種有效提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源利用率的新技術(shù),得到越來越多研究人員的關(guān)注。多路徑傳輸技術(shù)在一定程度上有效提高傳輸?shù)目煽啃?增強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的抗毀性,實(shí)現(xiàn)吞吐量性能的改進(jìn),但同時(shí)也加大了資源管理的難度。特別是在智能終端的物理資源受限的條件下,多路徑傳輸?shù)木W(wǎng)絡(luò)資源利用率降低,性能下降。我們的工作基于智能終端訪問網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)景,針對(duì)多路徑傳輸管理中存在的問題展開,引入最優(yōu)化的理論方法,以解決多路徑傳輸中網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源利用率與接收端物理資源受限的矛盾為目的,提出多路徑傳輸中流量與擁塞控制、路徑管理、調(diào)度管理以及切換管理的方法。 我們的具體工作如下： (1)當(dāng)接收端緩沖區(qū)規(guī)模小于帶寬時(shí)延積時(shí),存在帶寬利用率較低的問題。原因是發(fā)送端對(duì)接收端接收窗口的估計(jì)變化滯后于接收端窗口的實(shí)際變化。而這一點(diǎn),在很多情況下被人們所忽略。針對(duì)以上問題,我們進(jìn)行了以下工作：首先,我們通過分析可靠傳輸?shù)男袨?提出基于可靠傳輸?shù)耐掏铝糠治瞿Ｐ�。這里將路徑的擁塞窗口和慢啟動(dòng)閾值的組合定義為二元狀態(tài)空間,分析有限狀態(tài)空間內(nèi)的轉(zhuǎn)移概率；再次,我們提出了基于虛擬接收窗口的流量控制與擁塞控制方案。最后,通過理論分析和仿真,驗(yàn)證了我們所提出的方案。 (2)在多路徑傳輸中,存在鏈接的總體吞吐量隨著路徑數(shù)量的增加而下降的現(xiàn)象。原因是在接收端受限的情況下,路徑的差異會(huì)導(dǎo)致大量失序分組到達(dá)接收端,并消耗接收端的緩沖區(qū),引起接收端阻塞。針對(duì)以上問題,我們進(jìn)行了以下工作：首先我們將基于可靠傳輸?shù)耐掏铝磕Ｐ蛿U(kuò)展到多條路徑的場(chǎng)景,并推導(dǎo)穩(wěn)態(tài)下的多路徑的吞吐量以及接收端重排序的開銷；再次,將路徑管理問題抽象為一個(gè)以多路徑吞吐量為價(jià)值和以接收端重排序開銷為重量的0-1背包問題,同時(shí)給出一個(gè)迭代算法求出最優(yōu)解；最后,通過仿真驗(yàn)證了我們所提出的方案。 (3)簡(jiǎn)單的輪詢調(diào)度算法,忽略了路徑差異和丟包的存在,導(dǎo)致接收端出現(xiàn)阻塞。針對(duì)以上問題,我們進(jìn)行以下工作：首先,建立分組到達(dá)接收端時(shí)間的預(yù)測(cè)模型,并根據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)智能調(diào)度分組,盡量實(shí)現(xiàn)分組的有序到達(dá)；再次,研究?jī)煞N重傳機(jī)制,分析丟包引起兩種重傳發(fā)生的概率、重傳所需的時(shí)間,以及引起的接收端開銷。為了增大分組到達(dá)的概率,減少接收端開銷,引入前向糾錯(cuò)(Forward Error Correction,FEC)冗余機(jī)制。但FEC同時(shí)也帶來一些額外的冗余開銷,這里進(jìn)一步將基于FEC的冗余調(diào)度管理抽象為一個(gè)受限優(yōu)化問題,通過求解此問題的最優(yōu)解進(jìn)行分組調(diào)度；最后通過仿真驗(yàn)證冗余調(diào)度管理機(jī)制。 (4)傳統(tǒng)的切換性能評(píng)價(jià)僅考慮了切換行為對(duì)參與切換路徑的影響,而并發(fā)多路徑傳輸中,除參與切換的路徑外,仍舊有其它路徑在切換期間被使用。多路徑傳輸中的切換不僅對(duì)參與切換路徑造成影響,同時(shí)也影響了未參與切換的路徑以及鏈接的整體性能。針對(duì)多路徑傳輸切換管理中出現(xiàn)的新問題,本文進(jìn)行如下工作：首先通過分析路徑切換的過程,綜合考慮切換的時(shí)延大小、切換的信令開銷、以及切換的效用,建立多路徑傳輸?shù)那袚Q判決模型；再次我們引入效用最大化原則,提出了以吞吐量效用最大化為目標(biāo)的切換判決管理；最后通過仿真證明我們所提出的切換方案。
[Abstract]:In recent years, smart terminals have gradually replaced desktop PCs as the most important access points in future networks. At the same time, with the rapid development of broadband access technology, ubiquitous network environment is becoming more and more mature. Any smart terminal can use multiple networks at the same time. To a certain extent, multipath transmission technology can effectively improve the reliability of transmission, enhance network invulnerability and achieve throughput performance improvement, but also increase the difficulty of resource management. Especially, under the condition of limited physical resources of intelligent terminals, multipath transmission network resources benefit. Our work is based on the application scenario of intelligent terminal access network, aiming at the problems existing in multipath transmission management, we introduce optimization theory to solve the contradiction between network resource utilization and physical resource constraints in multipath transmission, and propose traffic in multipath transmission. And congestion control, path management, scheduling management and handover management.
Our specific work is as follows:
(1) When the buffer size of the receiver is smaller than the bandwidth delay product, there is a problem of low bandwidth utilization. The reason is that the estimated change of the receiving window at the sender lags behind the actual change of the receiving window. This is ignored in many cases. To solve the above problems, we have done the following work: First, I By analyzing the behavior of reliable transmission, we propose a throughput analysis model based on reliable transmission. In this paper, the combination of congestion window and slow start threshold is defined as a binary state space, and the transition probability in finite state space is analyzed. Thirdly, we propose a traffic control and congestion control scheme based on virtual receiving window. Finally, theoretical analysis and simulation verify the proposed scheme.
(2) In multipath transmission, there is a phenomenon that the overall throughput of links decreases with the increase of the number of paths. The reason is that the difference of paths will lead to a large number of out-of-order packets arriving at the receiving end when the number of paths is limited at the receiving end, and consume the buffer of the receiving end, resulting in the blocking of the receiving end. Firstly, we extend the throughput model based on reliable transmission to the scenario of multiple paths, and derive the throughput of multipaths in steady state and the cost of rescheduling at the receiver. Thirdly, we abstract the path management problem into a 0-1 knapsack problem with multipath throughput value and rescheduling overhead at the receiver. An iterative algorithm is proposed to get the optimal solution. Finally, the proposed scheme is verified by simulation.
(3) Simple polling scheduling algorithm ignores the existence of path differences and packet dropouts, resulting in blocking at the receiver. To solve the above problems, we do the following work: First, establish a prediction model of packet arrival time at the receiver, and according to the prediction of intelligent scheduling packet, as far as possible to achieve orderly packet arrival; thirdly, study two kinds of retransmission machine. In order to increase the probability of packet arrival and reduce the receiver overhead, a forward Error Correction (FEC) redundancy mechanism is introduced. But FEC also brings some additional redundancy overhead, which will be further based on FEC. Redundant scheduling management is abstracted as a constrained optimization problem, and packet scheduling is performed by solving the optimal solution of the problem. Finally, the redundant scheduling management mechanism is verified by simulation.
(4) Traditional handoff performance evaluation only considers the effect of handoff behavior on the participating handoff paths, while in concurrent multipath transmission, there are other paths used during handoff except the paths participating in handoff. In view of the new problems in the handover management of multipath transmission, the following work is done in this paper: Firstly, the handover decision model of multipath transmission is established by analyzing the process of path switching, considering the size of the handover delay, the signaling overhead and the utility of the handover. Based on the maximization principle, a handoff decision management scheme with the goal of maximizing throughput utility is proposed. Finally, the proposed handoff scheme is proved by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5
本文編號(hào)：2181788
[Abstract]:In recent years, smart terminals have gradually replaced desktop PCs as the most important access points in future networks. At the same time, with the rapid development of broadband access technology, ubiquitous network environment is becoming more and more mature. Any smart terminal can use multiple networks at the same time. To a certain extent, multipath transmission technology can effectively improve the reliability of transmission, enhance network invulnerability and achieve throughput performance improvement, but also increase the difficulty of resource management. Especially, under the condition of limited physical resources of intelligent terminals, multipath transmission network resources benefit. Our work is based on the application scenario of intelligent terminal access network, aiming at the problems existing in multipath transmission management, we introduce optimization theory to solve the contradiction between network resource utilization and physical resource constraints in multipath transmission, and propose traffic in multipath transmission. And congestion control, path management, scheduling management and handover management.
Our specific work is as follows:
(1) When the buffer size of the receiver is smaller than the bandwidth delay product, there is a problem of low bandwidth utilization. The reason is that the estimated change of the receiving window at the sender lags behind the actual change of the receiving window. This is ignored in many cases. To solve the above problems, we have done the following work: First, I By analyzing the behavior of reliable transmission, we propose a throughput analysis model based on reliable transmission. In this paper, the combination of congestion window and slow start threshold is defined as a binary state space, and the transition probability in finite state space is analyzed. Thirdly, we propose a traffic control and congestion control scheme based on virtual receiving window. Finally, theoretical analysis and simulation verify the proposed scheme.
(2) In multipath transmission, there is a phenomenon that the overall throughput of links decreases with the increase of the number of paths. The reason is that the difference of paths will lead to a large number of out-of-order packets arriving at the receiving end when the number of paths is limited at the receiving end, and consume the buffer of the receiving end, resulting in the blocking of the receiving end. Firstly, we extend the throughput model based on reliable transmission to the scenario of multiple paths, and derive the throughput of multipaths in steady state and the cost of rescheduling at the receiver. Thirdly, we abstract the path management problem into a 0-1 knapsack problem with multipath throughput value and rescheduling overhead at the receiver. An iterative algorithm is proposed to get the optimal solution. Finally, the proposed scheme is verified by simulation.
(3) Simple polling scheduling algorithm ignores the existence of path differences and packet dropouts, resulting in blocking at the receiver. To solve the above problems, we do the following work: First, establish a prediction model of packet arrival time at the receiver, and according to the prediction of intelligent scheduling packet, as far as possible to achieve orderly packet arrival; thirdly, study two kinds of retransmission machine. In order to increase the probability of packet arrival and reduce the receiver overhead, a forward Error Correction (FEC) redundancy mechanism is introduced. But FEC also brings some additional redundancy overhead, which will be further based on FEC. Redundant scheduling management is abstracted as a constrained optimization problem, and packet scheduling is performed by solving the optimal solution of the problem. Finally, the redundant scheduling management mechanism is verified by simulation.
(4) Traditional handoff performance evaluation only considers the effect of handoff behavior on the participating handoff paths, while in concurrent multipath transmission, there are other paths used during handoff except the paths participating in handoff. In view of the new problems in the handover management of multipath transmission, the following work is done in this paper: Firstly, the handover decision model of multipath transmission is established by analyzing the process of path switching, considering the size of the handover delay, the signaling overhead and the utility of the handover. Based on the maximization principle, a handoff decision management scheme with the goal of maximizing throughput utility is proposed. Finally, the proposed handoff scheme is proved by simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5
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