【摘要】：大規(guī)模MIMO (Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)技術正極大地推動著下一代移動通信5G (Fifth-generation)的發(fā)展,其能大幅度提升通信容量,以達到5G移動通信系統(tǒng)超高增益的目標。在Massive MIMO系統(tǒng)中,多用戶同時使用基站側配備的大量(數(shù)十或數(shù)百根)天線。理論和測量結果均表明,Massive MIMO可以在不增加帶寬或傳輸功率的情況下,顯著提高頻譜效率、降低輻射功率。信道模型作為評價任何通信系統(tǒng)性能的第一步,建立準確且有效的Massive MIMO信道模型來對通信系統(tǒng)進行系統(tǒng)設計和性能評估是不可或缺的。 因此,精確Massive MIMO信道模型的構建以及天線陣列的配置,成為研究Massive MIMO信道特性的關鍵。在這一研究背景下,本文探索了確定性信道建模中基于電磁理論和幾何光學理論的射線追蹤技術,所做的工作包括： 1.基于所需建模場景的具體幾何結構信息、地理位置信息以及表面材料的相關介電常數(shù)和磁導率,將三維建筑物簡化為由多個矩形平面構成的結構體,并按照逆時針方向儲存各平面頂點信息,根據(jù)實際的場景信息設定結構體的高度和位置,搭建出北京交通大學主校區(qū)機械工程樓和土木工程樓的場景模型,建立了Massive MIMO無線信道仿真平臺。 2.設計了最大數(shù)目為128根呈線性、圓形排列的天線陣列,并通過放置位置的不同,構建了視距LOS(Line of Sight)和非視距NLOS(Non-line of Sight)兩個場景,可用于理論分析對比不同天線陣列、不同場景下Massive MIMO無線信道特征。 3.實現(xiàn)了根據(jù)所搭建的場景信息和所構建的天線陣列信息,通過電磁計算,用射線來描述從發(fā)射端到接收端的包括直射徑、反射徑和散射徑的所有傳播路徑,得到多徑的復數(shù)形式的電場強度、時間延遲以及到達角和離開角等信道參數(shù)。提出了基于大規(guī)模天線陣列的信道參數(shù)分析方法,該方法可用來探索Massive MIMO信道特征和傳播特性,為5G大規(guī)模天線陣列信道實際應用提供有效的理論支撐。
[Abstract]:Large-scale MIMO (Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology is greatly promoting the development of the next generation mobile communication 5G (Fifth-generation), which can greatly enhance the communication capacity, in order to achieve the goal of 5G mobile communication system ultra-high gain. In Massive MIMO systems, multiple users use a large number of antennas (dozens or hundreds) on the base side at the same time. Both theoretical and measurement results show that passive MIMO can significantly improve spectral efficiency and reduce radiation power without increasing bandwidth or transmission power. As the first step to evaluate the performance of any communication system, it is necessary to establish an accurate and effective Massive MIMO channel model to design and evaluate the performance of the communication system. Therefore, the construction of accurate Massive MIMO channel model and the configuration of antenna array become the key to study the characteristics of Massive MIMO channel. Under this background, the ray tracing technology based on electromagnetic theory and geometric optics theory in deterministic channel modeling is explored. The work is as follows: 1. Based on the specific geometric structure information, geographical position information and the permittivity and permeability of the surface material, the three-dimensional building is simplified into a structure composed of several rectangular planes. According to the counterclockwise storage of the vertex information of each plane, the height and location of the structure are set up according to the actual scene information, and the scene models of mechanical engineering building and civil engineering building in the main campus of Beijing Jiaotong University are built. The Massive MIMO wireless channel simulation platform is established. 2. In this paper, a maximum number of 128-linear, circular array antennas are designed, and two scenes of LOS (Line of Sight) and Non-line of Sight) (Non-line of Sight) are constructed, which can be used for theoretical analysis and comparison of different antenna arrays. Massive MIMO wireless channel characteristics in different scenarios. 3. According to the scene information and antenna array information, all propagation paths from emitter to receiver are described by means of electromagnetic calculation, including direct emission path, reflection path and scattering path. The multipath complex form of electric field intensity, time delay and channel parameters such as arrival angle and departure angle are obtained. A channel parameter analysis method based on large scale antenna array is proposed. This method can be used to explore the channel characteristics and propagation characteristics of Massive MIMO and provide an effective theoretical support for the practical application of 5G antenna array channel.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN929.5

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