【摘要】：在過去幾年里,無線通信經(jīng)歷了顯著發(fā)展,為無線Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶來前所未有的機遇和挑戰(zhàn),無線Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)是無線通信領(lǐng)域新的發(fā)展方向,在其商業(yè)應(yīng)用越來越普及的同時,自身也存在著許多亟待完善的地方,需要克服許多技術(shù)上的難題。動態(tài)地址配置是其面向?qū)嶋H應(yīng)用的第一步,負載均衡是提升無線Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的重要因素,因此無線Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的動態(tài)地址配置機制和具有負載均衡的路由協(xié)議是當下研究的重要課題。而且,隨著智能終端的普及,如何在智能終端上運行Mesh路由協(xié)議,使其能夠作為Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)的承載節(jié)點實現(xiàn)自行組網(wǎng),也是當下拓展無線Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)應(yīng)用范圍需要攻克的一個技術(shù)難關(guān)。本文首先對無線Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)進行了概述,介紹了其網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)及研究現(xiàn)狀、研究意義。其次,重點介紹了本文采用的Mesh路由協(xié)議:LTMRP(Layer Two Mesh Routing Protocol)。接著,探索將LTMRP協(xié)議移植到Android手機和OpenWrt路由器上的方法,并基于這兩種平臺搭建了Mesh實驗平臺進行測試,將Mesh協(xié)議移植到智能終端上與Mesh路由器結(jié)合搭建Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò),不僅拓展了Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用范圍,也為后續(xù)驗證動態(tài)地址配置機制的可行性及測試負載均衡算法的性能奠定了基礎(chǔ)。然后,考慮到實際應(yīng)用及無線Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)的多跳性、無中心性、網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲動態(tài)變化等特點,提出了一種基于LTMRP協(xié)議的動態(tài)地址自動配置機制(Dynamic Address Auto-Configuration,DAAC)。所提DAAC機制與路由協(xié)議相結(jié)合,充分利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)中泛洪的HELLO包,考慮了協(xié)議的簡潔性和實現(xiàn)的簡單性,在盡量減少增加的網(wǎng)絡(luò)開銷及降低沖突概率和配置時延的前提下,綜合考慮了IP分配、IP沖突及解決和網(wǎng)絡(luò)分割與融合,在保證分配IP地址唯一性的同時,在各個節(jié)點上實現(xiàn)了默認網(wǎng)關(guān)路由的動態(tài)設(shè)置。將所提DAAC機制在LTMRP協(xié)議中實現(xiàn),并測試驗證了其可行性。最后,研究了無線Mesh網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的負載均衡算法,提出了一種基于LTMRP改進的具有負載均衡的LB-LTMRP(Load Balancing LTMRP)協(xié)議并實現(xiàn),此協(xié)議定義了鏈路可用度來反映網(wǎng)絡(luò)負載的輕重,并將跳數(shù)、鏈路可靠性和鏈路可用度等指標的加權(quán)值作為路由度量的標準,進而實現(xiàn)負載均衡。對LB-LTMRP協(xié)議進行測試,結(jié)果表明,在較重的網(wǎng)絡(luò)負載下,LB-LTMRP協(xié)議比LTMRP協(xié)議吞吐量更高、時延更低,提升了網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。
[Abstract]:In the past few years, wireless communication has experienced remarkable development, which brings unprecedented opportunities and challenges to wireless mesh network. Wireless mesh network is a new development direction in the field of wireless communication. At the same time, its commercial applications are becoming more and more popular. There are also many places to be improved, and many technical problems need to be overcome. Dynamic address configuration is the first step in practical application. Load balancing is an important factor to improve the performance of wireless mesh networks. Therefore, the dynamic address configuration mechanism and load balancing routing protocol in wireless mesh networks are important research topics. Moreover, with the popularity of intelligent terminals, how to run mesh routing protocol on smart terminals, which can be used as the bearer node of mesh networks to build their own networks, is also a technical difficulty that needs to be overcome to expand the application scope of wireless mesh networks. Firstly, this paper gives an overview of Wireless mesh Network (WMN), introduces its network structure, research status and significance. Secondly, this paper mainly introduces the mesh routing protocol: LTMRP (layer two mesh routing Protocol). Then, the paper explores the method of transplanting LTMRP protocol to Android mobile phone and OpenWrt router, and builds a mesh experimental platform based on these two platforms for testing. The mesh protocol is transplanted to intelligent terminal and combined with mesh router to build mesh network. It not only expands the application scope of mesh network, but also lays a foundation for verifying the feasibility of dynamic address configuration mechanism and testing the performance of load balancing algorithm. Then, considering the characteristics of practical applications and wireless mesh networks, such as multi-hop, non-centrality and network topology dynamic change, a dynamic Address Auto-ConfigurationDAAC (dynamic Address Auto-Configuration DAAC) based on LTMRP protocol is proposed. Combining the proposed DAAC mechanism with routing protocol, the proposed DAAC mechanism makes full use of the HELLO packet of flooding in the network, considering the simplicity of the protocol and the simplicity of its implementation. Under the premise of minimizing the network overhead and reducing the collision probability and configuration delay, the proposed DAAC mechanism can reduce the network overhead. The IP conflicts of IP assignment and the solution and network segmentation and fusion are considered synthetically. At the same time, the dynamic setting of default gateway routing is implemented on each node while ensuring the uniqueness of IP address allocation. The proposed DAAC mechanism is implemented in LTMRP protocol, and its feasibility is verified by test. Finally, the load balancing algorithm in wireless mesh network is studied, and an improved LB-LTMRP (load balancing LTMRP) protocol with load balancing based on LTMRP is proposed. The weighted value of link reliability and link availability is used as the standard of routing measurement, and then load balancing is realized. The LB-LTMRP protocol is tested. The results show that the LB-LTMRP protocol has higher throughput and lower delay than the LTMRP protocol under heavy network load and improves the network performance.
【學位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN929.5

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本文編號：2118638