本文選題：激光雷達 + 調(diào)頻非線性��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：激光雷達在近些年得到了廣泛的研究，其中調(diào)頻連續(xù)波（FMCW）激光雷達在高精度測距方面的研究尤為深入。這一體制的激光雷達綜合了一系列測距系統(tǒng)特點，具有測距精度高、測距速度快以及適應(yīng)各種復(fù)雜環(huán)境等優(yōu)點。本文所研究的內(nèi)容是基于FMCW激光雷達體制的基本原理，設(shè)計了一套滿足近距離內(nèi)高精度測距的激光雷達系統(tǒng)，并對其中調(diào)頻非線性校正等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進行了研究，最終通過實驗驗證了系統(tǒng)測距的可行性。 首先，介紹了FMCW激光雷達的基本原理，給出了距離與拍頻信號頻率的關(guān)系，并根據(jù)已有的基本理論對系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵器件進行了選擇。其次說明了激光器調(diào)頻非線性對測距帶來的影響，給出了實驗結(jié)果來說明。為消除這一影響，引入了同步采樣法來校正調(diào)頻非線性，給出了其理論模型，通過實驗驗證了此方案的校正效果。對非線性進行校正時，需要得到校正路臂長差的精確值，為此本文采用HCN氣室標(biāo)定校正路臂長差的方案。給出了利用HCN氣室標(biāo)定臂長差的光路設(shè)計，并通過實驗給出了一個高精度的標(biāo)定結(jié)果。最后，，設(shè)計并搭建了本文最終所采用的實驗系統(tǒng)。在已搭建的系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)上進行了測距實驗，對光纖長度以及外部空間近距離處一量塊的距離進行了測量，分別給出了測距結(jié)果，并通過重復(fù)實驗驗證了結(jié)果的準(zhǔn)確性，給出了存在的誤差。
[Abstract]:Lidar has been widely studied in recent years, especially FMCW (Frequency modulated CW) lidar. The lidar system has the advantages of high ranging accuracy, high ranging speed and adaptability to various complex environments. Based on the basic principle of FMCW lidar system, this paper designs a set of laser radar system which can satisfy the high precision ranging in short distance, and studies the key techniques such as the nonlinear correction of frequency modulation, and so on. Finally, the feasibility of the system is verified by experiments. Firstly, the basic principle of FMCW lidar is introduced, the relationship between range and beat frequency is given, and the key devices of the system are selected according to the existing basic theory. Secondly, the influence of laser frequency modulation nonlinearity on ranging is explained, and the experimental results are given. In order to eliminate this effect, the synchronous sampling method is introduced to correct the nonlinear frequency modulation, and its theoretical model is given. In order to correct the nonlinearity, it is necessary to obtain the accurate value of the correction arm length difference. In this paper, the HCN gas chamber is used to calibrate the path arm length difference. The optical design of arm length difference calibration using HCN gas chamber is presented, and a high precision calibration result is given through experiments. Finally, the experimental system used in this paper is designed and built. Based on the established system, the distance measurement experiments are carried out, the length of optical fiber and the distance of a measuring block in the outer space are measured. The ranging results are given respectively, and the accuracy of the results is verified by repeated experiments. The existing errors are given.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN958.98

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本文編號：1970426