本文選題：合成孔徑雷達(dá)　切入點(diǎn)：干涉合成孔徑雷達(dá)　出處：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：干涉合成孔徑雷達(dá)(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar)是大面積快速精確獲取三維地形信息的重要手段。為適應(yīng)快速響應(yīng)需求和大型星載平臺項(xiàng)目系統(tǒng)設(shè)計及算法驗(yàn)證的需要,搭載在飛機(jī)和汽車等非平穩(wěn)運(yùn)動平臺上的InSAR系統(tǒng)在現(xiàn)代雷達(dá)技術(shù)的研究和發(fā)展中得到了越來越廣泛地重視。這類平臺上的InSAR系統(tǒng)響應(yīng)迅速、機(jī)動性強(qiáng)且成本控制合理,但是數(shù)據(jù)錄取過程中的非平穩(wěn)運(yùn)動給InSAR數(shù)據(jù)處理帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn)。本文針對非平穩(wěn)運(yùn)動平臺InSAR系統(tǒng),結(jié)合InSAR技術(shù)高分辨率的發(fā)展趨勢,對InSAR數(shù)據(jù)處理技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,并根據(jù)工程化處理的需求,研究了InSAR數(shù)據(jù)處理的并行加速處理技術(shù)。具體的工作包括以下內(nèi)容:1.研究了非平穩(wěn)運(yùn)動平臺高分辨InSAR成像處理及其運(yùn)動補(bǔ)償方法。根據(jù)大量實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)處理的經(jīng)驗(yàn),詳細(xì)說明了現(xiàn)有實(shí)測處理數(shù)中使用POS數(shù)據(jù)確定實(shí)際航跡和“理想”航跡的方法,給出了如何計算干涉處理需要的參考航跡參數(shù)信息和完整的非平穩(wěn)運(yùn)動平臺高分辨InSAR成像處理流程。2.通過對大量實(shí)測車載SAR/InSAR數(shù)據(jù)的處理和分析,總結(jié)了車載InSAR數(shù)據(jù)處理的實(shí)際問題,分析了車載SAR/InSAR系統(tǒng)對山觀測時的數(shù)據(jù)錄取幾何,并在此基礎(chǔ)上詳細(xì)給出了基于先驗(yàn)地形信息獲取車載SAR/InSAR運(yùn)動補(bǔ)償參數(shù)的方法,對實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)的處理結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了給出的斜距差計算方法和InSAR成像處理流程。3.針對機(jī)載單航過InSAR系統(tǒng),特別是“一發(fā)雙收”干涉模式,研究了成像處理過程中運(yùn)動補(bǔ)償需要的斜距差的獲取方法,根據(jù)給出的斜距差計算方法和成像處理流程對機(jī)載實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了處理,獲得了良好的聚焦效果并能夠?qū)⒒�補(bǔ)償為恒定矢量,提取的干涉條紋表明了此處理流程獲得的單視復(fù)SAR圖像對可以滿足后續(xù)干涉處理的要求。4.在研究了InSAR干涉處理關(guān)鍵處理步驟及其典型算法的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了非平穩(wěn)運(yùn)動平臺高分辨InSAR干涉處理需要考慮的新問題,給出了非平穩(wěn)運(yùn)動平臺高分辨InSAR干涉處理的流程。針對傳統(tǒng)逐點(diǎn)InSAR定位處理速度慢的問題,提出了一種基于遞推公式的InSAR定位新方法。最后對實(shí)測的機(jī)載和車載高分辨率InSAR數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了干涉處理,驗(yàn)證了給出的處理流程在工程實(shí)踐中的可靠性,得到了細(xì)節(jié)信息清晰的原始DEM。5.針對雷達(dá)分辨率提升等因素造成的InSAR數(shù)據(jù)量增大、數(shù)據(jù)處理時間顯著增加的問題,研究了加速InSAR數(shù)據(jù)處理的并行處理方法,使用OpenMP技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了多核CPU多線程處理,使用CUDA技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)了CPU+GPU并行處理,兩種并行計算加速處理手段在InSAR成像等處理步驟中都得到了較高的處理時間加速比,對于工程應(yīng)用具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Interferometric Synthetic Aperture radar (ISAR) is an important means to obtain 3D terrain information quickly and accurately in large area. In the research and development of modern radar technology, InSAR systems, which are mounted on non-stationary moving platforms such as aircraft and automobiles, have been paid more and more attention. The InSAR systems on these platforms have rapid response, strong mobility and reasonable cost control. However, the non-stationary motion in the process of data acquisition brings a new challenge to the InSAR data processing. This paper studies the InSAR data processing technology based on the non-stationary motion platform InSAR system and the high resolution development trend of InSAR technology. And according to the needs of engineering treatment, The parallel acceleration processing technology of InSAR data processing is studied. The specific work includes the following contents: 1. The high-resolution InSAR imaging processing and motion compensation method of non-stationary moving platform are studied. The method of using POS data to determine the actual track and the "ideal" track in the actual measurement processing is described in detail. How to calculate the reference track parameter information for interference processing and the flow chart of high resolution InSAR imaging for non-stationary motion platform are given. 2. Through processing and analyzing a large number of measured SAR/InSAR data, This paper summarizes the practical problems of vehicle InSAR data processing, analyzes the data recording geometry of vehicular SAR/InSAR system for mountain observation, and on this basis, gives a detailed method to obtain the vehicle SAR/InSAR motion compensation parameters based on the prior terrain information. The processing results of the measured data verify the calculation method of slant distance difference and the InSAR imaging processing flow. 3. For the onboard InSAR system, especially the interference mode of "one send and two receiving", In this paper, the obliquity difference of motion compensation in imaging process is studied, and the airborne measured data are processed according to the calculation method and imaging processing flow. A good focusing effect is obtained and the baseline can be compensated as a constant vector. The extracted interference fringes show that the single view complex SAR image pairs obtained by this process can meet the requirements of subsequent interference processing. 4. Based on the study of the key steps of InSAR interference processing and its typical algorithms, This paper analyzes the new problems that need to be considered in the high-resolution InSAR interferometry processing of non-stationary moving platform, and gives the flow chart of high-resolution InSAR interferometric processing for non-stationary moving platform. Aiming at the problem of the slow processing speed of traditional point-by-point InSAR location processing, A new method of InSAR location based on recursive formula is proposed. Finally, the interference processing of airborne and vehicle-mounted high-resolution InSAR data is carried out, which verifies the reliability of the proposed processing flow in engineering practice. We get the original DEM.5. aiming at the problem of the increase of InSAR data amount and the significant increase of data processing time caused by radar resolution, we study the parallel processing method of accelerating InSAR data processing. The multi-core CPU multithread processing is realized by OpenMP technology, and the CPU GPU parallel processing is realized by CUDA technology. The two kinds of parallel computing accelerated processing methods have obtained higher processing time speedup ratio in InSAR imaging and other processing steps. It is of great significance for engineering application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN957.52

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