本文選題：低剖面　切入點：多頻段　出處：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著無線通信技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展,通信系統(tǒng)對于設(shè)備的性能與體積提出了更高的要求。這不僅僅需要電子設(shè)備能同時工作在多個頻帶,滿足多通信系統(tǒng)的需求,也要求其處理信息的能力更加智能化。小型化設(shè)備的設(shè)計更體現(xiàn)了人性化的追求,便于設(shè)備的使用與推廣。作為無線通信系統(tǒng)的最前端設(shè)備,天線的各種性能要求也越來越高。因此,天線的多頻段工作和低剖面設(shè)計將成為主要的設(shè)計目標(biāo)。本論文結(jié)合無線通信系統(tǒng)的具體需求,以實現(xiàn)天線的多頻段與低剖面特性為設(shè)計目標(biāo),對雙頻帶低剖面的全向天線、多頻段的定向天線以及緊湊型多天線系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了深入的研究與分析。作者的主要工作與成果可以概括為以下幾點:1.對多頻段低剖面的全向天線進(jìn)行了研究。針對全向天線的低剖面要求,提出了一種基于零階諧振的雙頻低剖面微帶單極子天線。天線以圓形貼片為基礎(chǔ),在其周圍排列蘑菇型結(jié)構(gòu)的短路貼片。應(yīng)用蘑菇型結(jié)構(gòu)形成零階諧振,使其可以諧振在亞波長頻段;同時利用圓形貼片和圓形環(huán)的TM02模式,使其具有類似單極子的輻射方向圖。整個天線的設(shè)計都在普通的介質(zhì)基板上,從而具有非常低的剖面(大約0.02λ)。雙頻微帶單極子天線工作在兩個頻段,其垂直面方向圖的前向位置具有一個較深的零陷,而水平面方向圖則保持著全向輻射的特性。2.對多頻段低剖面的定向天線進(jìn)行了研究。針對不同的應(yīng)用場景,提出了三種多頻段低剖面的定向天線。首先利用EBG結(jié)構(gòu)特性,其在理論上等效于理想磁導(dǎo)體,實現(xiàn)了基于雙頻帶EBG反射板的低剖面定向天線;再者,在傳統(tǒng)長方形貼片天線的基礎(chǔ)上,將具有SRR縫隙的導(dǎo)體片平行放置在貼片與地板之間,從而實現(xiàn)天線的多頻段工作特性。并利用SRR的不同性質(zhì),設(shè)計了雙頻和三頻的低剖面定向天線;最后,提出了一種基于短路貼片與方形貼片構(gòu)成的低剖面天線。天線采用階梯阻抗的微帶線進(jìn)行耦合饋電,并利用U型反射板增加前向輻射。饋電處的耦合電容與短路探針的電感相互抵消,因此增加了高頻段的帶寬。雙頻帶低剖面天線的阻抗相對帶寬在低頻段為1.6%,而在高頻段可以達(dá)到60%。3.對緊湊型的多天線系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了研究。針對LTE通信系統(tǒng)對多天線的需求,設(shè)計了緊湊型的全向MIMO天線與定向MIMO天線。全向MIMO天線由改進(jìn)的非對稱雙錐天線和多個印制對稱振子組成,其中垂直極化天線單元可以工作在兩個頻段,而水平極化單元工作在高頻頻段。水平極化單元嵌套在垂直極化單元兩個圓錐之間,從而整個天線系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)較為緊湊。二者的隔離度大于25dB,滿足了MIMO系統(tǒng)的要求。這種新穎的天線單獨使用垂直極化單元時便可以應(yīng)用在GSM900,CDMA800以及WCDMA等通信系統(tǒng),而且同時利用垂直極化和水平極化單元就可以應(yīng)用在LTE的系統(tǒng)中。定向MIMO天線由兩個孔徑耦合的短路貼片天線組成。天線通過H型縫隙饋電,天線單元之間的間距僅為4mm。通過修改短路面的形狀,改變了地板上電流的耦合,從而利用缺陷短路面技術(shù)來提高天線系統(tǒng)隔離。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, communication system has put forward higher requirements for the performance and size of equipment. This requires not only the electronic equipment can work in multiple frequency bands at the same time, meet the requirement of communication system, also requires the ability to process information more intelligent design. Equipment miniaturization also reflects the humanization the pursuit of ease of use and promotion of equipment. As the front-end equipment of the wireless communication system, antenna performance requirements are increasingly high. Therefore, the multi band antenna and low profile design will become the subject of a major design goal. This paper combined with the specific needs of the wireless communication system with multi band and low profile the characteristics of the antenna is realized as the design target of omni-directional antenna for dual band low profile antenna, directional multi band and compact multiple antenna system is studied and analyzed deeply. The author's main To work and achievements can be summarized as follows: 1. the multi band low profile antenna is studied. According to the requirements of low profile antenna, a dual band low profile microstrip monopole antenna based on zeroth order resonance antenna. Based on the circular patch, arrangement of mushroom shaped structure in short patch the application of mushroom type structure is formed around zero order resonance, so that it can be in the resonant sub wavelength band; at the same time using the circular patch and the circular ring of the TM02 model, which has similar monopole radiation diagram. The design of antenna are common on the dielectric substrate, which has a very low profile (about 0.02 lambda). Microstrip monopole antenna operating in two frequency bands, the vertical direction map forward position has a deep nulls, and the horizontal pattern while maintaining the characteristics of.2. omnidirectional radiation of multi frequency low profile The directional antenna is studied. According to different application scenarios, puts forward three kinds of directional antenna multi band low profile. We use EBG structure characteristics, its theory is equivalent to perfect magnetic conductor, to achieve a low profile dual band directional antenna reflector based on EBG; moreover, based on the traditional rectangular patch antenna on the conductor piece with SRR slot placed in parallel between the patch and the floor, so as to realize the characteristics of multi band antenna. And the use of different SRR, low profile dual and tri band directional antenna design; finally, proposed a low profile antenna with a shorted patch antenna based on the square patch. The microstrip stepped impedance of coupled feed, and the use of U type reflection plate increases the forward radiation. The feed coupling capacitance and short circuit inductance probe offset each other, thus increasing the frequency bandwidth. The relative impedance bandwidth of dual band low profile antenna at low frequency was 1.6%, while in high frequency can reach 60%.3. of compact antenna system is studied. According to the requirement of multi antenna LTE communication system, a compact MIMO omnidirectional antenna and directional antenna design. MIMO omnidirectional MIMO antennas by asymmetric double cone the improved antenna and a plurality of printed dipole components, wherein the vertical polarized antenna unit can work in two frequency bands, and the horizontal polarization unit operates in high frequency band. The horizontal polarization unit nested between vertical polarization unit two cone, thus the antenna system has compact structure. Two the isolation of more than 25dB, to meet the the requirements of MIMO system. This novel antenna unit is used alone in vertical polarization can be used in GSM900, CDMA800 and WCDMA communication system, and at the same time using vertical polarization and horizontal pole The unit can be applied in the LTE system. MIMO directional antenna consists of two short patch antenna aperture coupling. Antenna through H slot feeding, distance between antenna elements by modifying the shape of short road is only 4mm., change the floor current coupling, in order to use the technology to improve the defect of the short road isolated antenna system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN823.27;TN92

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本文編號：1623871