基于STM32的自動引導小車(AGV)導航系統(tǒng)的研究
本文關鍵詞: 導航系統(tǒng) AGV STM32 射頻技術(shù) 出處:《武漢理工大學》2014年碩士論文 論文類型:學位論文
【摘要】:隨著工業(yè)科技的發(fā)展以及工業(yè)生產(chǎn)的自動化,倉庫的高度集成化,迅速準確的搬運產(chǎn)品,極大的提高生產(chǎn)效率,自動引導小車(Automated GuideVehicle),簡稱AGV,越來越廣泛的應用到現(xiàn)代化的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中[1]。AGV是集光、電、磁及計算機等各種信息為一體的高科技產(chǎn)品,以蓄電池為能源,電機為動力裝置,以磁阻傳感器或者其他導航方式為“方向盤”,以鋪好的地磁條為既定線路,智能運輸物品的動力裝置[2]。AGV,能夠降低工業(yè)生產(chǎn)為人力勞動的依賴,提高生產(chǎn)效率,而且其安裝簡單,容易維護,空間占用率低,路徑變換簡單,在現(xiàn)代化的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中收到極大的青睞[3]。 論文從硬件結(jié)構(gòu)和軟件設計兩個方面對AGV的導航系統(tǒng)進行了詳細的介紹;赟TM32的自動導航小車導航系統(tǒng)的硬件的核心是STM模塊。其他的功能模塊主要有采集模塊,電路放大模塊,轉(zhuǎn)換模塊。采集模塊只要是磁感電阻在磁場中運動,產(chǎn)生電壓,由于磁場強度的不同,,產(chǎn)生的電壓也有高低,經(jīng)過放大電路模塊,將采集的電壓信號進行放大,再將放大的電壓信號經(jīng)AD轉(zhuǎn)換后送給STM32,以便于進行下一步的比較。指令模塊是指射頻卡片。有射頻卡片采集到指令信息后,先輸給STM32,再有STM32給于電機相應的轉(zhuǎn)向信號。 STM32是整個導航系統(tǒng)的核心,首先從放大電路獲得到放大后的電壓信號,對大眼信號進行濾波去噪后,對數(shù)值進行比較,來判斷AGV是否沿著既定的地磁路線進行前進。若出現(xiàn)偏差,則進行相應的調(diào)整。綜合軌道線路和小車在路口的信息,對電機進行最優(yōu)化控制,讓AGV既能按照路線行進又能再路口進行相應的選擇。供電電源模塊給系統(tǒng)提供穩(wěn)定可靠的工作電平。 基于STM32的AGV導航系統(tǒng),能夠按照既定的路線行進,當AGV行進路線和地磁線路出現(xiàn)偏差時能夠進行及時的糾正并在路口處及時檢測到路口信息并進行正確的選擇路線。這種導航系統(tǒng)簡易,安裝簡單,使用方便,成本低,使用領域廣泛,有很好的市場前景。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrial science and technology, the automation of industrial production, the highly integrated warehouse, the rapid and accurate handling of products, greatly improve the production efficiency. Automated guided vehicle (AGV) is more and more widely used in modern industrial production. AGV is a high-tech product with light, electricity, magnetism and computer information as a whole. The battery is used as energy source and motor as power device. With magnetoresistive sensors or other navigation methods as the "steering wheel" and laid magnetic stripes as the established line, the power device of intelligent transport goods [2] .AGV, can reduce the dependence of industrial production on human labor, improve production efficiency, and its installation is simple. Easy to maintain, low space occupancy, simple path change, in modern industrial production received great favor [3]. This paper introduces the navigation system of AGV in detail from two aspects of hardware structure and software design. The core of the hardware of automatic navigation vehicle navigation system based on STM32 is STM module. As long as the magnetic inductance resistor moves in the magnetic field to generate voltage, because of the different magnetic field intensity, the generated voltage is also high or low. After the amplifier circuit module, the collected voltage signal is amplified. Then the amplified voltage signal is sent to STM32 after AD conversion for further comparison. The instruction module refers to the RF card. After the command information is collected by the RF card, the signal is lost to STM32 first, and then the STM32 gives the corresponding steering signal to the motor. STM32 is the core of the whole navigation system. Firstly, the voltage signal is obtained from the amplifier circuit to the amplified voltage signal. After filtering and denoising the big eye signal, the numerical value is compared. To determine if AGV is moving along a given geomagnetic route. If there is a deviation, adjust it accordingly. Integrate the information of track lines and cars at the intersection to optimize the control of the motor. The power supply module provides a stable and reliable working level for the system. The AGV navigation system based on STM32 can follow the established route. When the AGV travel route and geomagnetic line deviate, it can correct the intersection information and select the correct route in time. This navigation system is simple, easy to install, easy to use and low in cost. Wide range of use, there is a good market prospects.
【學位授予單位】:武漢理工大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TN96
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