本文關(guān)鍵詞： 視頻監(jiān)控 窄帶寬 視頻服務器 H.264　出處：《電子科技大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展和人們生活水平的提高,安防觀念已經(jīng)漸漸融入各行各業(yè)和人們的日常生活。在科學技術(shù)進步的推動下,安防系統(tǒng)也發(fā)生著翻天覆地的變化,從最初的以電纜為基礎(chǔ)的模擬視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)到以DVR(數(shù)字視頻錄像機)為基礎(chǔ)的數(shù)字視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng),再到今天普遍使用的以網(wǎng)絡型DVR為基礎(chǔ)的IP視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)正朝著數(shù)字化、網(wǎng)絡化發(fā)展,對穩(wěn)定性以及圖像清晰度也有了較高要求。縱觀監(jiān)控領(lǐng)域在寬帶網(wǎng)絡和專網(wǎng)下都有著豐富的產(chǎn)品,然而針對窄帶寬的產(chǎn)品卻寥寥無幾,鑒于此,本課題設(shè)計開發(fā)一套能夠適應窄帶寬網(wǎng)絡環(huán)境的視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)。本課題研究的視頻服務器基于升邁科技的GM8180 SoC,具備強勁的CPU和專用的H.264編碼引擎,運行高度裁剪的嵌入式linux,與平臺服務器間信令交互采用TCP鏈接輔以心跳機制確保信令交互可靠。采用H.264視頻壓縮算法輔以抽幀技術(shù),減少不必要的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸。采用ADPCM音頻壓縮算法在不消耗過多CPU資源的情況下獲得較好的音質(zhì)和較小的音頻數(shù)據(jù)量。采用專門設(shè)計的傳輸策略,增加帶寬的利用率,從而增強傳輸能力。本課題系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)采用分布式體系架構(gòu),可有效平衡監(jiān)控中心之間的負載,并且單個監(jiān)控中心出現(xiàn)故障不會影響到整個系統(tǒng)。同時系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)設(shè)計時參考了TCP/IP五層模型的設(shè)計思路,從整體上看,系統(tǒng)分為3個層次:終端接入層、通信層、應用層。應用層的業(yè)務采用模塊化設(shè)計的原則,除開核心的通信、媒體轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)、配置,其他業(yè)務模塊可以根據(jù)需求自由拆分、組合,靈活性十足。本文介紹了本課題的背景及意義,視頻監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展歷程以及視頻服務器的優(yōu)勢。探討了監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)開發(fā)中的一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù),包括視頻接口技術(shù)、壓縮算法、音頻壓縮算法、傳輸協(xié)議。對視頻服務器和平臺軟件的功能和技術(shù)指標做了一些要求,并對系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計分別從系統(tǒng)應用場景、核心視頻服務器、系統(tǒng)平臺三方面做了說明。文中著重介紹了視頻服務器的實現(xiàn)原理,采用的關(guān)鍵芯片、硬件構(gòu)成、軟件構(gòu)成與實現(xiàn),簡要介紹如何實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)平臺,然后介紹了本平臺軟件的優(yōu)點。最后檢驗系統(tǒng)設(shè)計的成果,對測試結(jié)果進行分析、總結(jié)和展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, the concept of security and defense has gradually integrated into various industries and people's daily life. Under the impetus of the progress of science and technology, the security and defense system is also undergoing earth-shaking changes. From the cable based analog video surveillance system to the DVR (digital video recorder) based digital video surveillance system. Then the IP video surveillance system based on the network DVR is widely used today. The video surveillance system is developing towards the digitization and networking. There are also higher requirements for stability and image clarity. Throughout the field of monitoring in broadband networks and private networks have a wealth of products, but there are very few products for narrow bandwidth, in view of this. This paper designs and develops a set of video surveillance system which can adapt to the narrow bandwidth network environment. The video server studied in this paper is based on GM8180 SoC of Shengmai Technology. Strong CPU and dedicated H.264 encoding engine running highly tailored embedded linux. The signaling interaction with the platform server is guaranteed by TCP link and heartbeat mechanism, and the H.264 video compression algorithm is used to support the frame extraction technology. Reduce unnecessary data transmission. Adopt ADPCM audio compression algorithm to get better sound quality and smaller audio data without consuming too much CPU resources. Adopt specially designed transmission strategy. Increase the utilization of bandwidth, thus enhance the transmission capacity. This system architecture uses distributed architecture, can effectively balance the load between the monitoring center. And the failure of a single monitoring center will not affect the entire system. At the same time, the system architecture design referred to the TCP/IP five-tier model design ideas, from the overall point of view. The system is divided into three levels: terminal access layer, communication layer, application layer. The application layer uses the principle of modularization design, apart from core communication, media forwarding, configuration. Other business modules can be split freely, combined and flexible according to requirements. This paper introduces the background and significance of this topic. This paper discusses some key technologies in the development of video surveillance system, including video interface technology, compression algorithm and audio compression algorithm. Transmission protocol. To the video server and platform software functions and technical specifications to do some requirements, and the overall design of the system from the system application scenarios, core video server. This paper mainly introduces the realization principle of video server, the key chip, the hardware structure, the software structure and the realization, and briefly introduces how to realize the system platform. Then the advantages of the platform software are introduced. Finally, the design results of the system are verified, and the test results are analyzed, summarized and prospected.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TN948.6

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