發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-08 03:20

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于節(jié)點(diǎn)粘度的混合組網(wǎng)架構(gòu)及性能優(yōu)化算法研究　出處：《中國(guó)電力科學(xué)研究院》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò) 節(jié)點(diǎn)粘度 實(shí)時(shí)流媒體 數(shù)據(jù)傳輸與調(diào)度 熵權(quán)法 層次分析法

【摘要】：隨著公司信息化水平不斷提升,一些新的工作模式正在逐漸形成,如視頻業(yè)務(wù)會(huì)議、信息配送以及遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)等,大大提升了工作效率。此外,伴隨3G、4G移動(dòng)通信技術(shù)的不斷成熟與逐步部署以及音視頻編碼技術(shù)的發(fā)展,使很多靈活的業(yè)務(wù)成為可能,應(yīng)用諸如移動(dòng)視頻電話、視頻音頻直播、點(diǎn)播及移動(dòng)視頻監(jiān)控等。上述業(yè)務(wù)對(duì)海量實(shí)時(shí)流媒體數(shù)據(jù)傳輸產(chǎn)生了廣泛的需求。 對(duì)于大型企業(yè)(員工超過(guò)萬(wàn)人),其實(shí)時(shí)流媒體應(yīng)用不同與傳統(tǒng)企業(yè)或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)流媒體應(yīng)用,具有自己的特點(diǎn),主要是海量用戶的在線接入和實(shí)時(shí)交互需求同時(shí)存在,但在線用戶相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,頻繁上下線情況較少。另外,通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能及拓?fù)涞母兄暂^好,可以更好的支撐流媒體傳輸。因此,根據(jù)大型企業(yè)實(shí)時(shí)流媒體應(yīng)用的特點(diǎn),研究實(shí)時(shí)流媒體傳輸及調(diào)度具有重要意義。 國(guó)家電網(wǎng)公司擁有員工150萬(wàn),國(guó)家電網(wǎng)公司注冊(cè)的內(nèi)網(wǎng)桌面終端60萬(wàn),外網(wǎng)桌面終端20萬(wàn),如果同時(shí)有超過(guò)數(shù)萬(wàn)、數(shù)十萬(wàn)的員工訪問(wèn)視頻服務(wù),面對(duì)海量用戶的在線接入和實(shí)時(shí)交互需求,傳統(tǒng)的流媒體傳輸系統(tǒng)面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。海量流媒體數(shù)據(jù)傳輸對(duì)電力通信網(wǎng)帶來(lái)巨大沖擊,當(dāng)前的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施根本無(wú)法滿足海量流媒體數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)男枨?傳輸?shù)膶?shí)時(shí)性更加難以保證。這使各種實(shí)時(shí)流媒體傳輸業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展越到瓶頸,在此背景下,以視頻會(huì)議直播為對(duì)象,研究大型企業(yè)海量實(shí)時(shí)流媒體數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸調(diào)度模式顯得異常重要。 將傳統(tǒng)流媒體傳輸技術(shù)在應(yīng)用于電力通信網(wǎng)時(shí),存在很多問(wèn)題：(1)目前存在多種傳輸技術(shù),它們的特點(diǎn)和資源分配成本大不相同,因此選擇何種技術(shù)需要深入研究。在應(yīng)對(duì)大規(guī)模數(shù)據(jù)傳輸時(shí),如果采用C/S模式,服務(wù)器承載能力受限,網(wǎng)絡(luò)帶寬存在瓶頸；而CDN技術(shù)可以解決帶寬問(wèn)題,但是服務(wù)器成本昂貴,維護(hù)代價(jià)較大；P2P技術(shù)雖然可以解決服務(wù)器負(fù)載問(wèn)題,但是網(wǎng)絡(luò)瓶頸沒(méi)有解決,它會(huì)帶來(lái)巨大的網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸流量,尤其是帶來(lái)了大量的跨網(wǎng)域的冗余流量,浪費(fèi)寶貴的骨干網(wǎng)和網(wǎng)問(wèn)互聯(lián)帶寬。因此,如何綜合利用這些技術(shù),揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短,是需要研究的問(wèn)題。(2)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)在傳統(tǒng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)中視頻應(yīng)用中,視頻體驗(yàn)差是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題,視頻啟動(dòng)延遲較大影響著用戶的感受,阻礙了流媒體應(yīng)用的發(fā)展。因此,如何降低視頻啟動(dòng)延遲,提升系統(tǒng)服務(wù)質(zhì)量(QoS)和用戶體驗(yàn)(QoE)已是亟待解決的問(wèn)題。(3)在電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)中,終端的網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境差異很大,有線、無(wú)線節(jié)點(diǎn)異構(gòu)節(jié)點(diǎn)同時(shí)存在,異構(gòu)節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)視頻的數(shù)據(jù)傳播方式帶來(lái)了挑戰(zhàn),一方面移動(dòng)終端是否能夠滿足電力業(yè)務(wù)需要進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行實(shí)際驗(yàn)證；另外,異構(gòu)節(jié)點(diǎn)對(duì)視頻質(zhì)量的要求不一樣,帶寬性能不一樣,視頻數(shù)據(jù)傳輸調(diào)度如何滿足不同接入終端的需要,是一個(gè)亟待解決的問(wèn)題。 論文基于復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論、數(shù)據(jù)分發(fā)、視頻編解碼等術(shù)對(duì)電力海量數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)調(diào)度及傳輸進(jìn)行研究,以電力視頻會(huì)議直播為突破口,對(duì)實(shí)時(shí)流媒體數(shù)據(jù)分發(fā)的關(guān)鍵性能,包括視頻質(zhì)量、啟動(dòng)及傳輸延時(shí)、跨網(wǎng)流量、負(fù)載均衡等進(jìn)行多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化。論文采用兩層優(yōu)化方法,一是對(duì)覆蓋網(wǎng)拓?fù)溥M(jìn)行優(yōu)化；二是對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸與調(diào)度算法進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。 論文首先對(duì)各種數(shù)據(jù)分發(fā)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了全面的分析評(píng)價(jià),構(gòu)建了一種適合電力海量實(shí)時(shí)流媒體數(shù)據(jù)分發(fā)混合傳輸架構(gòu)；對(duì)移動(dòng)終端的接入能力進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,論證其應(yīng)用于電力視頻業(yè)務(wù)的可行性�；趶�(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論,搭建了一種基于節(jié)點(diǎn)粘度對(duì)等網(wǎng)拓?fù)淠Ｐ?P2P-NMNV).并針對(duì)該模型拓?fù)涠攘恐笜?biāo)進(jìn)行了全面分析,結(jié)論表明該網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)點(diǎn)度符合冪率分布,有較短的特征路徑和較高的聚集系數(shù),適合實(shí)時(shí)流媒體數(shù)據(jù)分發(fā)的,有利于降低傳輸延時(shí),提高用戶體驗(yàn)。結(jié)合P2P-NMNV模型,在電力系統(tǒng)首次引入P2P-CDN網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式,并提出了一種基于自治域的混合組網(wǎng)架構(gòu)HPCS。HPCS綜合利用了P2P、CDN和分自治域傳輸?shù)膬?yōu)點(diǎn)。通過(guò)采用分域傳輸?shù)姆绞?有效降低骨干網(wǎng)流量,降低傳輸延時(shí)；采用P2P與CDN技術(shù)相結(jié)合混合組網(wǎng)模式,可以有效提高視頻服務(wù)質(zhì)量,提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)承載能力；采用P2P核心節(jié)點(diǎn)與CDN網(wǎng)關(guān)互用的模式,大幅的降低設(shè)備部署成本�；陟貦�(quán)分析法,提出了核心節(jié)點(diǎn)選舉算法,優(yōu)化了網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳輸性能；采用CDN節(jié)點(diǎn)單域多核心的模式,核心節(jié)點(diǎn)互為備份,提高了網(wǎng)絡(luò)的魯棒性,提升了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)男�；為了提高系統(tǒng)容錯(cuò)能力,在核心節(jié)點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)故障的情況下,通過(guò)采用跨網(wǎng)域連接的方式,提高系統(tǒng)魯棒性,并得到了跨網(wǎng)流量的最佳配置比例�；贖PCS混合組網(wǎng)架構(gòu),構(gòu)建一種適合于固網(wǎng)和移動(dòng)混合環(huán)境下的視頻直播調(diào)度模型,并基于熵權(quán)層次分析法提出了一種多目標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度算法。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該算法可以在網(wǎng)絡(luò)異構(gòu)的情況下,實(shí)現(xiàn)了局部最優(yōu)的數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度,在P2P流媒體低延時(shí)播放、高視頻質(zhì)量和負(fù)載均衡之間達(dá)到一個(gè)局部最優(yōu)的配置。 綜上所述,論文基于復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸技術(shù),在電力海量實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)傳輸方面進(jìn)行了創(chuàng)新,以視頻會(huì)議直播為突破口,提出了傳輸模型和數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)度算法,并取得了豐碩的成果,有效解決實(shí)時(shí)視頻數(shù)據(jù)傳輸存在的傳輸瓶頸,并獲得了良好的用戶體驗(yàn)。本成果適用于各種實(shí)時(shí)、非實(shí)時(shí)的海量數(shù)據(jù)傳輸應(yīng)用,在電力系統(tǒng)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)領(lǐng)域具有廣闊的應(yīng)用空間。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of the company ' s informatization level , some new modes of operation are being gradually formed , such as video business meeting , information distribution and distance teaching , so that the work efficiency is greatly improved . In addition , with the development of 3G and 4G mobile communication technologies and the development of audio and video coding technology , many flexible services are possible , such as mobile video telephone , video audio live broadcasting , on - demand and mobile video monitoring , etc . The above - mentioned services have a wide demand for massive real - time streaming media data transmission . In the case of large enterprises ( over ten thousand employees ) , the application of streaming media is different from that of traditional enterprises or Internet streaming media , and has its own characteristics , mainly in the presence of online access and real - time interactive demand of mass users , but online users are relatively stable and frequent up and down . In addition , the performance and topology of the communication network are relatively stable , and the streaming media transmission can be better supported . Therefore , according to the characteristics of the real - time streaming media application of large enterprises , it is important to study the transmission and scheduling of real - time streaming media . The State Grid Company has an employee of 1.5 million , the internal network desktop terminal registered by the State Grid Corporation is 600,000 , and the external network desktop terminal is 200,000 . If there are more than tens of thousands of employees accessing the video service at the same time , the traditional streaming media transmission system is faced with great challenges . The large amount of streaming media data transmission has great impact on the power communication network , and the real - time performance of the transmission is more difficult to guarantee . There are many problems in the application of traditional streaming media technology in power communication network : ( 1 ) There are many kinds of transmission technologies , which have different characteristics and resource allocation cost . On the basis of complex network theory , data distribution , video coding and decoding , real - time scheduling and transmission of power mass data are studied . The key performance of real - time streaming media data distribution , including video quality , start - up and transmission delay , cross - network traffic and load balance , is optimized . This paper makes a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of various data distribution technologies , and constructs a hybrid transmission architecture suitable for power - mass real - time streaming media data distribution . Based on the complex network theory , a new P2P - NMNV model is proposed . In conclusion , based on the complex network theory and the data transmission technology , the paper makes innovations in the real - time data transmission of power , proposes the transmission model and the data scheduling algorithm , and obtains the fruitful results , effectively solves the transmission bottleneck existing in the real - time video data transmission , and obtains a good user experience . The results are suitable for various real - time and non - real - time mass data transmission applications , and have wide application space in the power system and the Internet .

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)電力科學(xué)研究院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TN919.8

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本文編號(hào)：1395414