本文關鍵詞：基于ZigBee的農(nóng)業(yè)傳感網(wǎng)絡與土壤濕度模型的研究　出處：《復旦大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 物聯(lián)網(wǎng) 農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng) 精準農(nóng)業(yè) 無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡 ZigBee技術 低功耗路由 土壤濕度模型

【摘要】：隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)(Internet of Things, IoT)概念的興起和發(fā)展,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術很快地滲透到了人類生產(chǎn)和生活的各個領域。其中,農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)代表了現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)技術發(fā)展的前沿,被稱為未來物聯(lián)網(wǎng)最重要的發(fā)展方向之一。而無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(wireless sensor network, WSN)是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)最重要的支撐技術和實現(xiàn)手段。因此,農(nóng)業(yè)無線傳感網(wǎng)絡的研究與實踐對于農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的推廣以及“精準農(nóng)業(yè)”的實現(xiàn)有著重要的現(xiàn)實意義。ZigBee技術是一種標準化的面向無線自動控制的低速率、低功耗和低成本的無線網(wǎng)絡組網(wǎng)方案,得到了廣泛的認可和應用,是農(nóng)業(yè)無線傳感網(wǎng)絡重要的實現(xiàn)方法之一。但是,現(xiàn)有的農(nóng)業(yè)無線傳感網(wǎng)絡依舊存在著網(wǎng)絡能耗大和傳感器成本高的問題,嚴重制約了農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展。首先,針對農(nóng)業(yè)無線傳感網(wǎng)絡的能耗問題,本文提出了功率調(diào)節(jié)優(yōu)化算法和低功耗路由算法。其中,功率調(diào)節(jié)優(yōu)化算法用于優(yōu)化終端節(jié)點的能耗,低功耗路由算法可以延長ZigBee網(wǎng)絡中路由器節(jié)點的工作時間。本文提出的算法在Z-Stack協(xié)議棧上實現(xiàn)。測試表明,本文提出的改進算法可以有效地節(jié)省網(wǎng)絡能耗,進而延長網(wǎng)絡壽命。其次,針對農(nóng)業(yè)無線傳感網(wǎng)絡的傳感器成本問題,本文重點就土壤濕度的傳感技術進行了研究,分別用多元線性回歸和BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡的方法建立了土壤濕度電阻法標定模型。測試表明,當測試樣土的土壤類型和標定樣土一致的條件下,可以使用成本低廉的土壤電阻傳感器對土壤濕度進行較準確的測定。更進一步地,鑒于土壤濕度在一天之內(nèi)變化小的特點,結合土壤熱運動的規(guī)律,本文提出基于支持向量機(Support Vector Machine, SVM)的土壤濕度分類模型,根據(jù)該模型,在農(nóng)業(yè)傳感節(jié)點無土壤濕度傳感器的情況下,能對節(jié)點所處地點的土壤濕度做出分類,從而對土壤墑情作出判斷。最后,在上述研究的基礎之上,本文設計并實現(xiàn)了一套基于ZigBee技術的農(nóng)業(yè)無線傳感網(wǎng)絡的解決方案,該方案具有低成本、低功耗的特點,可以用于實際農(nóng)業(yè)數(shù)據(jù)的實時采集,該解決方案是利用現(xiàn)代通信和傳感器技術對農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化轉型發(fā)展的一種有益探索和嘗試。
[Abstract]:With the rise and development of the concept of Internet of things (IoT), Internet of things (IOT) technology has quickly penetrated into various fields of human production and life. The agricultural Internet of things represents the frontier of the development of modern agricultural technology. It is known as one of the most important development directions of the Internet of things in the future. Wireless sensor network is a wireless sensor network. WSNs are the most important supporting technology and implementation means of the Internet of things. Research and practice of Agricultural Wireless Sensor Network for extension of Agricultural Internet of things and Precision Agriculture. ZigBee technology is a standardized low rate wireless automatic control. Low-power and low-cost wireless network networking scheme has been widely recognized and applied. It is one of the most important methods to realize agricultural wireless sensor network. The existing agricultural wireless sensor network still has the problems of high energy consumption and high sensor cost, which seriously restricts the development of agricultural Internet of things. First, the energy consumption of agricultural wireless sensor network. In this paper, a power regulation optimization algorithm and a low power routing algorithm are proposed, in which the power regulation optimization algorithm is used to optimize the energy consumption of terminal nodes. Low-power routing algorithm can extend the working time of router nodes in ZigBee network. The proposed algorithm is implemented on Z-Stack protocol stack. The improved algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively save energy consumption and prolong the network life. Secondly, the sensor cost of agricultural wireless sensor network can be solved. In this paper, the sensing technology of soil moisture was studied, and the calibration model of soil moisture resistance method was established by multivariate linear regression and BP neural network. When the soil type of the tested soil is the same as that of the calibrated soil, the low cost soil resistance sensor can be used to measure soil moisture accurately. In view of the small change of soil moisture in one day and the regularity of soil thermal movement, this paper proposes a support Vector Machine based on support vector machine. According to the model, the soil moisture of the node can be classified when the agricultural sensor node has no soil moisture sensor. Finally, on the basis of the above research, this paper designed and implemented a set of agricultural wireless sensor network based on ZigBee technology, which has low cost. Low power consumption can be used to collect real time agricultural data. This solution is a useful exploration and attempt to make use of modern communication and sensor technology in the transformation and development of agricultural modernization.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：S152.71;TN92;TP212.9

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本文編號：1391171