【摘要】：月表形貌特征研究一直是貫穿近幾十年月球探測計劃的關鍵任務之一,撞擊坑作為月球表面最為典型的地貌單元和最基本的地貌形態(tài),也一直是月表形貌特征研究的熱點。對撞擊坑進行正確的識別和提取可為研究月球現狀和演化歷史提供直接證據,可為研究撞擊坑的形成機制、撞擊效應等提供豐富的信息,其研究水平在一定程度上可以作為月球探測成功與否的標志之一。 國內外在基于遙感影像進行撞擊坑判識方面的研究已較為成熟,而基于“DEM”(數字月球表面模型)判識撞擊坑的研究成果相對較少,“DEM”往往被作為輔助數據用于基于影像的撞擊坑判識研究中。目前適用于地球的地形地貌提取方法對于月球撞擊坑判識的適用性和有效性還未得到驗證,因而基于“DEM”判識月球撞擊坑的方法和技術并不成熟。 本文通過分析月球撞擊坑形態(tài)要素的特征及撞擊坑在月表的空間分布特征,從形態(tài)特征角度對月球撞擊坑進行了分類,討論了撞擊坑形態(tài)特征在嫦娥一號“DEM”上的表現；詳細闡述了現有地形地貌特征提取方法的技術內涵,并基于月球撞擊坑的形態(tài)結構特征,對現有的基于“DEM”的地形地貌提取方法做了較詳細的比較分析,討論了將其應用于月球撞擊坑判識的適用程度；繼而提出了融合月球撞擊坑形態(tài)和空間特征的撞擊坑判識方法；設計了完整的判識流程,對判識流程執(zhí)行過程中幾個難點問題給出了有效的處理方法；最后,通過對比分析、精度評價等手段分析了該方法對于月球撞擊坑判識的適用性和有效性。實驗結果表明,該方法可以準確確定撞擊坑的空間位置和數量、有效的判識撞擊坑的環(huán)形坑唇線、準確的表達撞擊坑二維空間形態(tài)特征。 本文所研究的基于“DEM”對撞擊坑進行正確判識的方法,將加深人們對于月球形貌的認識和理解,同時,對于研究月球巖石構造、估算月表年齡、探測器軟著陸地點的修正、反演月壤厚度、恢復月球起源和演化歷史等都具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:The study of lunar surface topography has been one of the key tasks throughout the lunar exploration program in recent decades. As the most typical geomorphological unit and the most basic geomorphological form of the lunar surface impact crater has always been a hot spot in the research of lunar surface topography. The correct identification and extraction of impact craters can provide direct evidence for the study of the present situation and evolution history of the moon, and provide abundant information for the study of the formation mechanism of impact craters, the impact effects, etc. To a certain extent, its research level can be used as a sign of the success of lunar exploration. The research on the recognition of impact craters based on remote sensing images at home and abroad has been more mature, but the research results based on "DEM" (Digital Moon Surface Model) are relatively few. DEM is often used as auxiliary data for image-based impact crater recognition. The applicability and validity of the topographic and geomorphologic extraction method applied to the earth to the identification of lunar impact craters has not been verified, so the methods and techniques for identifying lunar impact craters based on "DEM" are not mature. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the lunar crater morphology and the spatial distribution of the crater on the lunar surface, this paper classifies the lunar crater from the angle of morphological characteristics, and discusses the appearance of the impact crater on Chang'e No. 1 "DEM". The technical connotation of the existing topographic and geomorphological feature extraction methods is described in detail. Based on the morphological and structural features of the lunar crater, the existing topographic and geomorphologic extraction methods based on "DEM" are compared and analyzed in detail. The application of this method to the recognition of lunar impact craters is discussed, and a method of recognizing impact craters which combines the shape and spatial characteristics of lunar craters is proposed, and a complete identification process is designed. Several difficult problems in the process of identification are given. Finally, the applicability and effectiveness of this method to the identification of lunar impact craters are analyzed by means of comparative analysis and accuracy evaluation. The experimental results show that the method can accurately determine the space position and number of impact craters, effectively identify the ring crater lip lines of impact craters, and accurately express the two-dimensional spatial morphological characteristics of impact craters. The method of correct recognition of impact crater based on "DEM" studied in this paper will deepen the understanding and understanding of the lunar topography, at the same time, the correction of the study of lunar rock structure, the estimation of lunar surface age, and the location of soft landing of the probe. Inversion of lunar soil thickness and restoration of lunar origin and evolution history are of great significance.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：P184

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 岳宗玉;月球構造特征與遙感影像解譯初步研究[D];中國地質大學（北京）;2008年

2 李坤;月球小型撞擊坑形貌特征及退化規(guī)律研究[D];武漢大學;2013年

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本文編號：2243138