本文選題：黑洞　切入點(diǎn)：熱力學(xué)　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：黑洞熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)作為黑洞的最重要的特性之一,一直廣泛的被學(xué)者們所研究。Bekenstein [1]首先提出黑洞的視界具有熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)。隨后,和熱力學(xué)四定律相類(lèi)似的黑洞熱力學(xué)四定律被提出。同時(shí)Hawking [2]指出,黑洞并不是完全黑的,它能以一種理想的黑體譜輻射粒子。1974年,Bekenst-ein[3]指出,黑洞的面積譜是均勻分布的,并且給出了面積譜的表達(dá)式An=nγlp2。從此黑洞的譜學(xué)也成為了一個(gè)很熱門(mén)的研究領(lǐng)域而被很多學(xué)者所研究。Hod[7]重新給出了面積譜的表達(dá)式并指出面積譜是與似正模的性質(zhì)有關(guān)的,接著Dreyer [8]運(yùn)用關(guān)于黑洞的似正模譜的經(jīng)典引力理論又對(duì)面積譜的表達(dá)式進(jìn)行了修正,Kunstatter [9]提出了絕熱不變量,并且指出這個(gè)絕熱不變量也擁有均勻分布的譜。Maggiore [10]對(duì)黑洞似正規(guī)模型的譜作出了解釋。Zeng [11]等人利用與擾亂黑洞的振動(dòng)頻率相關(guān)聯(lián)的行波的運(yùn)動(dòng)周期,成功的把黑洞的視界面進(jìn)行了量子化。在以上研究的基礎(chǔ)上,黑洞熱力學(xué)和譜學(xué)被國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)的很多學(xué)者廣泛的關(guān)注,進(jìn)行了大量的相關(guān)研究。另外,隨著宇宙的加速膨脹被提出,很多學(xué)者為了解釋這種現(xiàn)象提出假設(shè),我們的宇宙中存在著一個(gè)外來(lái)的標(biāo)量場(chǎng),它提供了大量的負(fù)壓并組成了我們宇宙的百分之七十,我們稱(chēng)之為暗能量。quintessence是被廣泛討論的一種暗能量模型,Kiselev [43]得到了被quintessence包圍的黑洞的靜態(tài)球?qū)ΨQ(chēng)精確解,隨后Songhai Chen, Nijo Varghese和V C Kuriskose [44,45]分別在他們的文章里討論了被quintessence包圍的黑洞的似正模。Reissner-Nordstrom (R-N)黑洞是帶荷電的靜態(tài)球?qū)ΨQ(chēng)黑洞,本文主要討論了quintessence場(chǎng)影響下的R-N黑洞的熱力學(xué)與譜學(xué)性質(zhì)。本文通過(guò)繪制熱力學(xué)量隨quintessence參量的變化圖研究quintessence對(duì)其熱力學(xué)性質(zhì)的影響,并且我們運(yùn)用絕熱不變量滿(mǎn)足Born-Sommerfeld量子化規(guī)則運(yùn)算得出了面積譜,并通過(guò)繪圖得出雖然面積譜與黑洞參量相關(guān),但是面積分布是均勻的并且與熱力學(xué)參量無(wú)關(guān)。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important properties of black holes, the thermodynamic properties of black holes have been extensively studied by many scholars. Bekenstein first proposed that the event horizon of black holes has thermodynamic properties. Four laws of black hole thermodynamics similar to the four laws of thermodynamics have been proposed. Meanwhile, Hawking [2] pointed out that black hole is not completely black, it can radiate particles with ideal blackbody spectrum. In 1974, Bekenst-ein [3] pointed out that the area spectrum of black hole is uniformly distributed. And the expression of area spectrum An=n 緯 LP 2 is given. Since then, the spectrum of black hole has also become a very popular research field, and has been studied by many scholars. Hod [7] regives the expression of area spectrum and points out that the area spectrum is related to the properties of quasi-positive modes. Then Dreyer [8] proposed an adiabatic invariant using the classical gravitational theory of the quasi-positive mode spectrum of a black hole and modified the expression of the area spectrum. It is also pointed out that the adiabatic invariant also has a uniformly distributed spectrum. Maggiore [10] explains the spectrum of the black hole quasi-normal model. Zeng [11] and others use the traveling wave period associated with disturbing the vibration frequency of the black hole. On the basis of the above research, black hole thermodynamics and spectroscopy have been widely concerned by many scholars at home and abroad, and a large number of related studies have been carried out. As the accelerating expansion of the universe was proposed, many scholars hypothesized that there was an external scalar field in our universe that provided a lot of negative pressure and made up 70% of our universe. We call it the dark energy. Quintessence is a widely discussed dark energy model. [43] the exact solution of the static spherical symmetry of a black hole surrounded by quintessence is obtained. Then Songhai Chen, Nijo Varghese and V C Kuriskose [44N45] discuss in their respective papers that the quasi-positive mode of the black hole surrounded by quintessence. Reissner-Nordstrom R-N) black hole is a charged static spherically symmetric black hole. In this paper, the thermodynamic and spectral properties of R-N black hole under the influence of quintessence field are mainly discussed. The influence of quintessence on the thermodynamic properties of R-N black hole is studied by drawing the diagram of the variation of thermodynamic quantities with quintessence parameters. The area spectrum is obtained by using adiabatic invariants to satisfy the Born-Sommerfeld quantization rule, and the area distribution is uniform and independent of thermodynamic parameters, although the area spectrum is related to the parameters of the black hole.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P145.8
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本文編號(hào)：1694479