【摘要】：低滲油藏的開發(fā)是目前增儲(chǔ)上產(chǎn)的重要陣地之一,目前還是基于以達(dá)西滲流方程為基礎(chǔ)的宏觀滲流理論,為了更精確研究邊界層等因素對(duì)滲流的影響,利用數(shù)字巖心技術(shù)進(jìn)行邊界層對(duì)低滲透砂巖介質(zhì)的流動(dòng)研究具有明顯優(yōu)勢(shì)。國內(nèi)外學(xué)者通過多種方法建立了可以準(zhǔn)確描述巖石孔隙結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)字巖心,其中,以CT掃描技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)建立的數(shù)字巖心最接近巖石真實(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。本文首先利用MicroX CT-400型CT對(duì)巖心進(jìn)行掃描實(shí)驗(yàn),構(gòu)建數(shù)字巖心,優(yōu)化數(shù)字巖心結(jié)構(gòu),刪除數(shù)字巖心中的孤立孔隙。基于所建立的數(shù)字巖心,利用孔隙空間居中軸線法提取孔隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,進(jìn)行巖心結(jié)構(gòu)特征分析,獲得孔隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型的幾何特征參數(shù)(孔喉半徑、形狀因子、迂曲度)以及拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)特征參數(shù)(配位數(shù)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性函數(shù))。對(duì)孔隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型進(jìn)行流動(dòng)模擬,得到了油驅(qū)水過程中,每一步孔隙和喉道的含油飽和度分布。然后,分析了原油粘度在不同環(huán)境下的計(jì)算式,基于所構(gòu)建的數(shù)字巖心和孔隙網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,分析邊界層主要性質(zhì)對(duì)滲流的影響,利用iso2mesh軟件對(duì)低滲透砂巖巖心進(jìn)行幾何重構(gòu),基于有限元數(shù)值分析算法,利用COMSOL Multiphysics軟件對(duì)重構(gòu)后的巖心進(jìn)行微流動(dòng)數(shù)值模擬,研究孔隙空間速度場(chǎng)、壓力場(chǎng)以及流體流動(dòng)狀態(tài)的分布。最后,分析了壓力梯度對(duì)邊界層厚度的影響,并對(duì)邊界層的厚度和粘度進(jìn)行了無量綱處理,定量分析了邊界層對(duì)低滲透砂巖微觀流動(dòng)的影響,邊界層粘度對(duì)低滲透砂巖微流動(dòng)的影響以及邊界層厚度對(duì)低滲透砂巖微流動(dòng)的影響。通過本文研究,形成了較為完整的基于數(shù)字巖心的邊界層對(duì)低滲透砂巖介質(zhì)的流動(dòng)模擬研究方法,對(duì)低滲透油田的開發(fā)具有重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值和一定的學(xué)術(shù)意義。
[Abstract]:The development of low permeability reservoir is one of the important positions to increase reservoir production at present. At present, it is still based on the macro seepage theory based on Darcy seepage equation, in order to study the influence of boundary layer and other factors on seepage more accurately. Using digital core technology to study the flow of low permeability sandstone medium in boundary layer has obvious advantages. Scholars at home and abroad have established digital cores which can accurately describe the pore structure of rocks by various methods, among which the digital cores based on CT scanning technology are closest to the real structure of rocks. In this paper, MicroX CT- 400 CT is used to scan the core, to construct the digital core, to optimize the structure of the digital core and to remove the isolated pores in the digital core. Based on the established digital core, the pore network model is extracted by the pore space center axis method, and the core structure characteristics are analyzed, and the geometric characteristic parameters (pore throat radius, shape factor) of the pore network model are obtained. Roundness) and topological characteristic parameters (coordination bits, network connectivity functions). The flow simulation of pore network model is carried out, and the oil saturation distribution of pores and throat in each step of oil flooding process is obtained. Then, the formulas of crude oil viscosity in different environments are analyzed. Based on the digital core and pore network model, the influence of the main properties of boundary layer on seepage is analyzed, and the geometric reconstruction of low permeability sandstone core is carried out by using iso2mesh software. Based on the finite element numerical analysis algorithm, the micro-flow numerical simulation of the reconstructed core is carried out by using COMSOL Multiphysics software, and the distribution of pore space velocity field, pressure field and fluid flow state is studied. Finally, the influence of pressure gradient on the thickness of boundary layer is analyzed, and the thickness and viscosity of boundary layer are treated without dimension, and the influence of boundary layer on the microscopic flow of low permeability sandstone is quantitatively analyzed. The effect of boundary layer viscosity on the microflow of low permeability sandstone and the effect of boundary layer thickness on the microflow of low permeability sandstone. Through the study of this paper, a more complete flow simulation method of boundary layer based on digital core for low permeability sandstone medium has been formed, which has important application value and certain academic significance for the development of low permeability oil field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE312

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