【摘要】：稠油是原油的一種,主要成分為膠質(zhì)和瀝青質(zhì),且具有較高粘度。稠油的地面密度要比0.943高,而且粘度要大于50厘泊。正是稠油具有較高密度,所以被又稱作重油。重油礦藏的形成主要是因?yàn)樯锝到庾饔?導(dǎo)致原油中的天然氣含量以及輕質(zhì)原油成分受到破壞,導(dǎo)致原油輕質(zhì)餾分低,且含氣量也相對(duì)較低,一般在200℃環(huán)境下餾分要比10%小,其內(nèi)含汽油比也要低于10m3/t,甚至有的低于5 m3/t,具有飽和壓力相對(duì)較低,且天然能力較小的特性。當(dāng)前針對(duì)稠油的開采技術(shù)中,螺桿泵無(wú)疑是其中較為新型的技術(shù),而且在國(guó)內(nèi)外已經(jīng)得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。這種技術(shù)要比傳統(tǒng)的油梁抽油機(jī)開采技術(shù)相比,具有更高的開采效率,而且排砂能力和節(jié)能水平都相對(duì)較高,從管理上也相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單,更容易操作。針對(duì)稠油為主的礦藏區(qū)域而言是非常合適的開采技術(shù)。上世紀(jì)八十年代中期,在加拿大開始研發(fā)并首先采用了這種開采技術(shù),當(dāng)時(shí)為了提升稠油的開采效益,減低采油成本而進(jìn)行開發(fā)的一種新型開采技術(shù)。該項(xiàng)技術(shù)經(jīng)過(guò)十幾年的發(fā)展如今已經(jīng)變得相當(dāng)成熟。加拿大不僅那些小型的石油公司廣泛采用,如今那些Husky以及Suncor和Texaco等大型的石油公司也開始廣泛運(yùn)用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。加拿大采用螺桿泵技術(shù)進(jìn)行開采的油井就多達(dá)6000以上,產(chǎn)油量達(dá)到總產(chǎn)量的1/40。本文研究的重點(diǎn)就是分析螺桿泵開采技術(shù)在具有排砂重、油分稠的稠油礦藏區(qū)的具體應(yīng)用,并對(duì)涉及到的參數(shù)進(jìn)行研究和評(píng)價(jià)。這對(duì)于優(yōu)化稠油的開采技術(shù),推進(jìn)螺桿泵技術(shù)的應(yīng)用水平,提升采油的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益都具有積極的意義。
[Abstract]:Heavy oil is a kind of crude oil, which is mainly composed of colloid and asphaltene, and has high viscosity. The ground density of heavy oil is 0.943 higher and the viscosity is more than 50 centimeters. It is heavy oil that has high density, so it is also called heavy oil. The formation of heavy oil reservoir is mainly due to biodegradation, which leads to the destruction of natural gas content and light crude oil composition in crude oil, resulting in low light fraction and relatively low gas content of crude oil. Generally speaking, the fraction is smaller than 10% at 200 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2477674