【摘要】：目前,隨著世界原油消費(fèi)量的增大,占探明儲(chǔ)量近一半的裂縫性油藏逐漸受到重視。與孔隙性油藏相比裂縫性油藏非均質(zhì)性強(qiáng),油水流動(dòng)規(guī)律復(fù)雜,其相對(duì)滲透率受儲(chǔ)層因素(巖石物性、裂縫網(wǎng)絡(luò)模式等)、流體因素(潤(rùn)濕性、油水黏度比等)、驅(qū)替因素(驅(qū)替壓差、驅(qū)替流速等)多方面影響,故其相滲資料的獲取相對(duì)困難。因此,深入研究裂縫性油藏的相滲曲線影響因素并得出計(jì)算方法具有十分重要的意義。 本文以裂縫性碳酸鹽巖油藏的相滲曲線計(jì)算模型為主要研究對(duì)象,在充分調(diào)研相滲曲線的獲取途徑及裂縫性油藏室內(nèi)物理模擬方法的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)裂縫網(wǎng)絡(luò)的地質(zhì)成因、油田地質(zhì)資料考慮相似原理設(shè)計(jì)制作了可視化大模型和全直徑巖心模型,開(kāi)展了多次水驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn),提出了裂縫性油藏的相滲曲線獲取方法。取得的主要研究成果如下： 1)設(shè)計(jì)制作了不同縫網(wǎng)模式的實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ筒⒅贫讼鄳?yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)方案 參考油田地質(zhì)資料,依照相似原理,著重考慮縫網(wǎng)模式、縫寬度相似性,制做了兩種縫網(wǎng)模式的可視化大模型(斜交縫和復(fù)雜縫)以及兩種縫網(wǎng)模式的全直徑巖心模型(平行縫和斜交縫)；制定了以上兩類(lèi)模型的實(shí)驗(yàn)方案,通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究油水黏度比、驅(qū)替速度和縫網(wǎng)模式對(duì)相滲的影響。 2)開(kāi)展了一系列可視化大模型水驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn) 通過(guò)該部分實(shí)驗(yàn),分析了不同縫網(wǎng)模式、不同油水黏度比下的相滲曲線形態(tài)和含水率變化,并結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象闡述水驅(qū)油流動(dòng)特征和剩余油分布規(guī)律。研究認(rèn)為裂縫中的油水相滲及剩余油分布受以上兩方面因素的綜合影響。 3)開(kāi)展了一系列全直徑巖心水驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn) 作為可視化大模型實(shí)驗(yàn)的補(bǔ)充,該部分實(shí)驗(yàn)在高溫高壓環(huán)境下完成。該部分實(shí)驗(yàn)另外考慮了驅(qū)替速度對(duì)水驅(qū)油的影響,認(rèn)為驅(qū)替速度適中有利于最大限度減少剩余油并且最佳的驅(qū)替速度受油水黏度比和縫網(wǎng)模式的綜合影響。 4)通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)擬合和理論推導(dǎo)得到兩種用于裂縫性油藏的相滲計(jì)算模型 通過(guò)擬合可視化大模型實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)得的相滲數(shù)據(jù),得到了考慮縫網(wǎng)復(fù)雜程度、油水黏度比的相滲計(jì)算經(jīng)驗(yàn)公式；通過(guò)理論推導(dǎo)的方法得到考慮縫寬分布的相滲計(jì)算模型,分析認(rèn)為若縫寬服從正態(tài)分布N(μ,(?)2),則μ越大等滲點(diǎn)越靠右,(?)2越大等滲點(diǎn)越靠左。
[Abstract]:At present, with the increase of world crude oil consumption, fractured reservoirs, which account for nearly half of proven reserves, have been paid more and more attention. Compared with porous reservoir, fractured reservoir has stronger heterogeneity, more complex oil-water flow law, and its relative permeability is affected by reservoir factors (rock physical property, fracture network model, etc.), fluid factor (wettability, oil-water viscosity ratio, etc.), Because of the influence of displacement factors (displacement pressure difference, displacement velocity, etc.), it is difficult to obtain the permeability data. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the factors affecting the permeability curve of fractured reservoir and obtain the calculation method. In this paper, the computational model of facies and permeability curve of fractured carbonate reservoir is taken as the main research object. Based on the investigation of the way of obtaining phase and permeability curve and the method of indoor physical simulation of fractured carbonate reservoir, the geological origin of fracture network is considered. The large visual model and the full diameter core model are designed and made by considering the similarity principle of oilfield geological data. Several experiments of water flooding have been carried out and the method of obtaining the phase and permeability curve of fractured reservoir has been put forward. The main research results are as follows: 1) the experimental models of different fracture pattern are designed and made, and the corresponding experimental schemes are drawn up to refer to the geological data of oil fields. According to the principle of similarity, the fracture pattern is considered emphatically. Because of the similarity of seam width, two kinds of visual large models (oblique joints and complex joints) and two kinds of full-diameter core models (parallel joints and oblique joints) were made. The experimental schemes of the above two kinds of models are worked out, and the effects of oil-water viscosity ratio, displacement speed and fracture pattern on the permeability are studied. 2) A series of visualized large model water flooding experiments were carried out. Through this part of experiments, the changes of phase permeability curve and water cut under different fracture pattern and different oil-water viscosity ratio were analyzed. Combined with experimental phenomena, the characteristics of water drive oil flow and the distribution of remaining oil are described. It is considered that the oil-water phase permeability and the remaining oil distribution in the fracture are affected by the above two factors. 3) A series of full-diameter core water flooding experiments were carried out as a supplement to the visualized large-scale model experiment, which was completed in high temperature and high pressure environment. In addition, the effect of displacement velocity on water drive oil is considered in this part of the experiment. It is considered that the moderate displacement rate is conducive to the maximum reduction of remaining oil and the optimum displacement velocity is affected by the oil / water viscosity ratio and the fracture pattern. 4) through experimental data fitting and theoretical derivation, two kinds of phase permeability calculation models used in fractured reservoirs are obtained, and the permeability data measured by visual large model experiments are fitted, and the complexity of fracture network is taken into account. Empirical formula for calculation of oil-water viscosity ratio; Based on the theoretical derivation method, a phase permeability calculation model considering the distribution of fracture width is obtained. It is considered that if the seam width is from the normal distribution N (渭, (?) 2), the larger the equal permeability point 渭 is, the right the equal permeability point is, and the larger the equiosmotic point is, the left the equal permeability point is.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE312

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