【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展,各行各業(yè)對能源消耗的需求量也日益增多,倍受全世界青睞的石油作為“工業(yè)血液”是諸多加工制造的重要原料,石油作為一種天然資源和全球戰(zhàn)略性物資,在各國綜合國力競爭中占有舉足輕重的地位。我國雖然石油儲存量十分充足,但隨著開采強度逐年加大以及時間的推移,現(xiàn)有地下儲油量已經(jīng)不足以實現(xiàn)自噴,加之井下高溫高壓惡劣環(huán)境對開采控制系統(tǒng)的影響,自然狀態(tài)下已無法滿足經(jīng)濟的需求。因此實現(xiàn)原油開采控制過程的改進,增強提高開采過程控制系統(tǒng)的抗干擾性,實現(xiàn)采油的精細控制,已經(jīng)成為國內外研究專家共同關注的問題。首先,本文介紹基于無模型自適應控制潛油泵的閉環(huán)系統(tǒng),考慮潛油電泵工作在復雜多變的高溫高壓環(huán)境而提出的一種數(shù)據(jù)驅動控制辦法,僅靠控制器的輸入輸出數(shù)據(jù)而不受被控對象數(shù)學模型限制的無模型自適應控制。潛油電泵作為原油開采的核心設備,主要由潛油異步電機和離心泵構成,因其具有耐高溫高壓、耐腐蝕、高揚程以及可遠距離生產(chǎn)的優(yōu)點被廣泛使用。然而溫度和壓力的動態(tài)變化是影響潛油泵整個開采控制過程最主要因素,為了提高生產(chǎn)效率以及系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性,設計基于無模型控制潛油泵閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng),通過驗證井下壓力參數(shù)變化對采油系統(tǒng)的影響,使系統(tǒng)保證節(jié)能高效采油,穩(wěn)定安全的作業(yè)。其次,從提高無模型自適應控制魯棒性的角度出發(fā)。盡管無模型自適應控制器在潛油泵采油中得到較好應用,但現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)的實際問題是井下噪聲和數(shù)據(jù)丟失。雖然無需知道受控系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學模型信息,但控制器輸入數(shù)據(jù)的不確定性的影響將直接導致系統(tǒng)輸出數(shù)據(jù)的誤差及波形的不真實。為了提高系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和魯棒性,本文從模擬加入量測噪聲和模擬數(shù)據(jù)丟失兩個方面進行研究,對已有無模型自適應控制潛油泵系統(tǒng)進行改進。最后,使用Matlab/Simulink仿真軟件,分別對帶有微分跟蹤器的無模型自適應控制潛油泵系統(tǒng)和帶有數(shù)據(jù)丟失補償控制潛油泵的系統(tǒng)進行仿真,并與未改進之前的結果特性進行比較,對比結果表明具有很好的提升,控制系統(tǒng)具有更好的動態(tài)魯棒性,實現(xiàn)改進的目標。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the demand for energy consumption in various industries is increasing day by day. Oil, which is favored by the world as an "industrial blood", is an important raw material for processing and manufacturing. As a natural resource and global strategic material, petroleum plays an important role in the competition of national comprehensive national strength. Although the oil storage in our country is very sufficient, with the increase of exploitation intensity and the passage of time, the existing underground oil storage is not enough to realize self-injection, and the bad environment of underground high temperature and high pressure affects the exploitation control system. The natural state can no longer meet the needs of the economy. Therefore, it has become a common concern of domestic and foreign experts to improve the control process of crude oil production, enhance the anti-interference of the production process control system and realize the fine control of oil production. First of all, this paper introduces a closed loop system based on modelless adaptive control of submersible pump, which considers that the submersible electric pump works in a complex high-temperature and high-pressure environment and a data-driven control method is proposed. A modelless adaptive control based on the input and output data of the controller and not limited by the mathematical model of the controlled object. As the core equipment of crude oil production, submersible electric pump is mainly composed of submersible asynchronous motor and centrifugal pump. It has the advantages of high temperature and pressure resistance, corrosion resistance, high lift and long distance production. However, the dynamic change of temperature and pressure is the most important factor affecting the whole production control process of submersible pump. In order to improve the production efficiency and the stability of the system, the closed-loop control system of the submersible pump based on model-free control is designed. By verifying the influence of the change of downhole pressure parameters on the oil recovery system, the system ensures energy saving and efficient oil recovery and stable and safe operation. Secondly, from the point of view of improving the robustness of model-free adaptive control. Although the modelless adaptive controller is well applied in submersible pump, the actual problems of the existing system are downhole noise and data loss. Although there is no need to know the mathematical model information of the controlled system, the uncertainty of the input data of the controller will directly lead to the error of the system output data and the untruth of the waveform. In order to improve the stability and robustness of the system, the existing model-free adaptive control submersible pump system is improved from the aspects of analog measurement noise and simulated data loss. Finally, the simulation software Matlab/Simulink is used to simulate the model-free adaptive control submersible pump system with differential tracker and the submersible pump system with data loss compensation control respectively. The results show that the control system has better dynamic robustness and better performance.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE933.3

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