【摘要】：為研究海底原油與天然氣單相泄漏擴(kuò)散規(guī)律的差異性,合理制定應(yīng)急響應(yīng)策略,減小事故損失,針對(duì)海底管道失效所致的原油與天然氣泄漏問(wèn)題,基于計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)CFD方法,建立海底油氣管道泄漏事故后果預(yù)測(cè)與評(píng)估模型,對(duì)特定事故場(chǎng)景下的海底原油與天然氣泄漏擴(kuò)散過(guò)程進(jìn)行模擬與分析,從泄漏擴(kuò)散過(guò)程、工況因素影響、泄漏后果及應(yīng)對(duì)策略4個(gè)方面對(duì)比原油與天然氣的泄漏擴(kuò)散特性。結(jié)果表明:相同工況下,海底原油與天然氣在泄漏速率、擴(kuò)散時(shí)間、擴(kuò)散形態(tài)及水平最大擴(kuò)散距離方面存在顯著差別;與天然氣相比,原油泄漏擴(kuò)散行為對(duì)工況因素具有更高的敏感性;原油泄漏會(huì)引發(fā)嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境災(zāi)害,天然氣泄漏則會(huì)影響海上結(jié)構(gòu)物的穩(wěn)定性及引發(fā)火災(zāi)爆炸事故,據(jù)此需合理制定具有針對(duì)性的應(yīng)對(duì)策略。
[Abstract]:In order to study the difference between the single phase leakage and diffusion law of submarine crude oil and natural gas, formulate the emergency response strategy reasonably and reduce the accident loss, aiming at the leakage of crude oil and natural gas caused by the failure of submarine pipeline, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method is used to solve the problem. A model for predicting and evaluating the consequences of submarine oil and gas leakage accidents is established, and the process of oil and gas leakage and diffusion under specific accident scenarios is simulated and analyzed. The leakage and diffusion characteristics of crude oil and natural gas are compared in four aspects. The results show that there are significant differences in leakage rate, diffusion time, diffusion morphology and horizontal maximum diffusion distance between submarine crude oil and natural gas under the same operating conditions. Compared with natural gas, the leakage and diffusion behavior of crude oil is more sensitive to the operating conditions. The leakage of crude oil will cause serious environmental disasters, and the leakage of natural gas will affect the stability of offshore structures and cause fire and explosion accidents.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)海洋油氣裝備與安全技術(shù)研究中心;
【基金】：國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃課題(2016YFC0802305) 中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)研究生創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(YCXJ2016057)
【分類號(hào)】：TE832.2

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