【摘要】：隨著石油需求量的不斷增加,油井越來越多,油井故障時有發(fā)生,修井作業(yè)越來越頻繁。但是現(xiàn)在的修井作業(yè)自動化程度低,作業(yè)時間長,工人勞動強度大,亟需發(fā)展更快、更安全的自動修井技術(shù)。本文充分調(diào)研了國內(nèi)外修井作業(yè)中液壓大鉗和動力卡瓦的現(xiàn)狀,根據(jù)自動化修井作業(yè)的要求,設(shè)計了一種新型液壓閉口鉗。本文設(shè)計的自動修井機液壓閉口鉗包括旋扣鉗、沖扣鉗、背鉗、液壓鉗導(dǎo)軌和動力卡瓦。液壓鉗導(dǎo)軌起支撐作用,是三個鉗體和動力卡瓦的安裝基礎(chǔ),同時還有運移液壓鉗的作用;動力卡瓦安裝在液壓鉗導(dǎo)軌的升降導(dǎo)軌上,動力卡瓦夾持管柱;背鉗上蝸輪驅(qū)動的齒輪與升降導(dǎo)軌上的齒條相嚙合,蝸桿傳動有自鎖功能,背鉗鉗心夾緊管柱,提供上卸扣的反扭矩;沖扣鉗在上扣結(jié)束和卸扣開始時沖扣;旋扣鉗進(jìn)行快速上卸扣。對旋扣鉗的齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)、背鉗的蝸桿傳動系統(tǒng)和齒輪齒條傳動系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計計算。利用材料力學(xué)理論對豎直導(dǎo)軌和牙板銷軸進(jìn)行計算校核。運用ANSYS Workbench軟件對旋扣鉗連接板、卡瓦體和卡瓦牙等進(jìn)行有限元分析,得到應(yīng)力云圖和位移云圖,滿足剛度和強度要求。根據(jù)液壓閉口鉗的動作要求和上卸管柱工作流程,設(shè)計液壓系統(tǒng)圖,并對液壓元件進(jìn)行計算選型。利用AMEsim軟件對液壓系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行仿真,仿真結(jié)果與設(shè)計的動作一致。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for oil, more and more oil wells, oil well failures occur from time to time, workover operations are more and more frequent. However, the automation of workover is low, the working time is long, the labor intensity of workers is large, and it is urgent to develop faster and safer automatic workover technology. In this paper, the present situation of hydraulic pliers and dynamic slips in workover operation at home and abroad is investigated. According to the requirements of automatic workover operation, a new type of hydraulic closing pliers is designed. The hydraulic closing pliers of the automatic workover machine designed in this paper include rotary clamp, punching clamp, back clamp, hydraulic clamp guideway and power clamping. The hydraulic clamp guide rail plays a supporting role, which is the basis for the installation of the three clamps and the power slips, as well as the role of the moving hydraulic clamps, the power slips are mounted on the lifting guide rails of the hydraulic clamp rails, and the power clamps hold the pipe strings; The gear driven by the worm wheel on the back pliers meshes with the rack on the lifting guide rail, the worm drive has the function of self-locking, the back pliers clamp the pipe string to provide the reverse torque of the upper buckling, and the punching pliers rush at the end of the upper buckle and the beginning of the buckling. Fastening tongs are used for quick loading and unloading. The design and calculation of gear transmission system, worm drive system and gear rack transmission system are carried out. The vertical guide rail and plate pin shaft were calculated and checked by material mechanics theory. By using ANSYS Workbench software, the finite element analysis of the connection plate, the sliver body and the teeth of the clamping clamp is carried out, and the stress cloud diagram and the displacement cloud diagram are obtained, which meet the requirements of stiffness and strength. The hydraulic system diagram is designed according to the action requirement of hydraulic closed clamp and the working flow of unloading pipe string, and the hydraulic components are calculated and selected. The hydraulic system is simulated by AMEsim software, and the simulation result is consistent with the designed action.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE935

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