【摘要】：隨著海洋油氣資源開(kāi)發(fā)力度的加大,越來(lái)越多的優(yōu)質(zhì)儲(chǔ)量已經(jīng)被動(dòng)用,因此加大對(duì)海洋低滲透油田的開(kāi)發(fā)并提高其開(kāi)發(fā)效果顯得越來(lái)越重要。目前,我國(guó)陸上低滲透油田的開(kāi)發(fā)已經(jīng)具有較為成熟的開(kāi)發(fā)理論和技術(shù),可以為海洋低滲透油田的開(kāi)發(fā)提供一定的借鑒意義。但與陸上低滲透油田相比,海上低滲油氣田的開(kāi)發(fā)不僅要面對(duì)油藏埋藏深、儲(chǔ)層物性差、非均質(zhì)性強(qiáng)、存在啟動(dòng)壓力梯度和應(yīng)力敏感、產(chǎn)量遞減快等諸多油藏問(wèn)題,還要面對(duì)由于海洋環(huán)境、平臺(tái)空間和承重受限等諸多不利條件所帶來(lái)的作業(yè)施工挑戰(zhàn)。另外,由于海洋油田開(kāi)發(fā)成本較高,對(duì)單井產(chǎn)量和采油速度的要求都較高。因此,在研究海洋低滲透油田合理的開(kāi)發(fā)方式時(shí),不僅需要借鑒陸上低滲透油藏開(kāi)發(fā)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),又要結(jié)合海上油田開(kāi)發(fā)的特點(diǎn)。 本文以海洋低滲N油藏為背景,歸納分析了油藏基本地質(zhì)特征,并根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)方法與原理,利用天然巖心做了啟動(dòng)壓力梯度、驅(qū)油效率、潤(rùn)濕性和應(yīng)力敏感實(shí)驗(yàn)。在分析基本地質(zhì)特征和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合油藏工程及數(shù)學(xué)模擬軟件,分析油藏滲流機(jī)理及水驅(qū)波及效率的影響因素。論文取得了以下研究成果： (1)進(jìn)行了工區(qū)儲(chǔ)層巖心的滲流實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,得到了單相水和束縛水飽和條件下單相油的啟動(dòng)壓力梯度與流度的關(guān)系曲線；進(jìn)行了水驅(qū)油實(shí)驗(yàn),得到8塊巖心的相滲曲線,并得到了恒速、變速兩種驅(qū)替方式的驅(qū)油效率與潤(rùn)濕性、注入倍數(shù)等的變化關(guān)系曲線。 (2)進(jìn)行了潤(rùn)濕性及應(yīng)力敏感實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,得到了8塊巖心的潤(rùn)濕性及有效應(yīng)力與滲透率的變化關(guān)系曲式。 (3)利用油藏工程和滲流力學(xué)的方法和原理,對(duì)兩種典型非均質(zhì)模式下的非線性滲流規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究,研究了不同井型的采油能力,并進(jìn)行了壓裂水平井的參數(shù)優(yōu)化。 (4)利用油藏工程及仿真軟件研究了直井注水-壓裂水平井采油開(kāi)發(fā)井網(wǎng)條件下的滲流場(chǎng)特征,并分析了直井注水-壓裂水平井采油開(kāi)發(fā)井網(wǎng)條件下油藏的面積波及效率及垂向波及效率的影響因素。
[Abstract]:With the development of offshore oil and gas resources, more and more high-quality reserves have been used, so it is more and more important to increase the development of marine low-permeability oil fields and improve their development effect. At present, the development of onshore low permeability oil fields in China has more mature development theory and technology, which can be used for reference for the development of marine low permeability oil fields. However, compared with onshore low permeability oil and gas fields, offshore low permeability oil and gas fields not only face many reservoir problems, such as deep reservoir burial, poor reservoir physical property, strong heterogeneity, but also have many reservoir problems, such as starting pressure gradient and stress sensitivity, fast production decline and so on. It also faces the construction challenges caused by many unfavorable conditions, such as ocean environment, platform space and load limitation. In addition, because of the high development cost of offshore oil field, the requirement of single well production and oil recovery speed is higher. Therefore, when studying the reasonable development mode of marine low permeability oil field, we should not only learn from the experience of onshore low permeability reservoir development, but also combine the characteristics of offshore oil field development. In this paper, the basic geological characteristics of marine low permeability N reservoir are summarized and analyzed. According to the experimental method and principle, starting pressure gradient, oil displacement efficiency, wettability and stress sensitivity experiments are carried out by using natural core. Based on the analysis of basic geological characteristics and experimental results, combined with reservoir engineering and mathematical simulation software, this paper analyzes the reservoir percolation mechanism and the influencing factors of water flooding sweep efficiency. The research results are as follows: (1) the experimental study of reservoir core percolation is carried out, and the curve of the relationship between the starting pressure gradient and mobility of single-phase oil under the condition of single-phase water and irreducible water saturation is obtained. The phase and permeability curves of 8 cores were obtained by water flooding experiments, and the relation curves of displacement efficiency, wettability and injection multiple of constant velocity and variable speed displacement were obtained. (2) the wettability and stress sensitivity of 8 cores are studied and the relationship between effective stress and permeability is obtained. (3) by using the methods and principles of reservoir engineering and percolation mechanics, the nonlinear percolation law under two typical heterogeneous modes is studied, the oil recovery ability of different well types is studied, and the parameter optimization of fracturing horizontal well is carried out. (4) using reservoir engineering and simulation software, the characteristics of percolation field under the condition of water injection and fracturing horizontal well development well pattern are studied. The influencing factors of area sweep efficiency and vertical sweep efficiency of reservoir under the condition of water injection and fracturing horizontal well production pattern are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE53

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