【摘要】：在油氣田的開(kāi)發(fā)過(guò)程中,水力壓裂是一項(xiàng)重要的增產(chǎn)增注措施。水力壓裂所產(chǎn)生的裂縫形態(tài)是影響壓裂施工成功率和油氣井增產(chǎn)改造效果的重要因素。與常規(guī)的水力壓裂監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)(傾斜測(cè)量監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)、井溫測(cè)量監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)、放射性測(cè)量監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)、電位法監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù))相比,微地震監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)能夠檢測(cè)裂縫的長(zhǎng)度、高度和方位角等裂縫形態(tài)參數(shù),而且具有經(jīng)濟(jì)、實(shí)施簡(jiǎn)單的特點(diǎn),因此微地震監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)成為近年來(lái)迅速發(fā)展起來(lái)的新技術(shù)。在先前的微地震定位相關(guān)研究之中,都沒(méi)有涉及到深井、多巖性地層中微地震傳播速度不同這一問(wèn)題,導(dǎo)致微地震監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)在深井、多巖性層地層中的應(yīng)用受到了限制。本文針對(duì)該問(wèn)題開(kāi)展了研究,在調(diào)研近年來(lái)微地震監(jiān)測(cè)技術(shù)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了微地震裂縫監(jiān)測(cè)基本原理,主要涉及到了有聲發(fā)射學(xué)、摩爾-庫(kù)倫理論、斷裂力學(xué)準(zhǔn)則等;考慮微地震波在不同巖性地層中傳播速度不同這一特點(diǎn),建立了微地震波在深井和多地層中傳播的震源定位數(shù)學(xué)模型,利用迭代的方法對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行求解,并應(yīng)用計(jì)算機(jī)編程語(yǔ)言(VB.netMatlab)編寫(xiě)了微地震解釋軟件,軟件具有對(duì)裂縫進(jìn)行三維形態(tài)模擬、對(duì)結(jié)果進(jìn)行二維和三維顯示的特點(diǎn);應(yīng)用研究成果研究了不同速度和不同的分層方案對(duì)微地震解釋結(jié)果的影響規(guī)律,結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)例井,對(duì)不同類型壓裂井(多層垂直井、水平井多段壓裂、注水井的水驅(qū)前緣等)微地震監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行反演計(jì)算分析,解釋結(jié)果與壓裂設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果取得了很好一致性,證明了該模型的可靠性,同時(shí)也為現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的壓裂設(shè)計(jì)和施工措施的改進(jìn)提供了參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic fracturing is an important measure for increasing production and injection during the development of oil and gas fields. The fracture form produced by hydraulic fracturing is an important factor that affects the success rate of fracturing and the effect of oil and gas well stimulation. Compared with conventional hydraulic fracturing monitoring techniques, such as tilt measurement, well temperature monitoring, radioactivity measurement and potential monitoring, microseismic monitoring technology can detect fracture length. Because the fracture shape parameters such as height and azimuth are economical and simple to implement the micro-seismic monitoring technology has been developed rapidly in recent years. In the previous research on microseismic location, the problem of microseismic propagation velocity in multi-lithologic strata is different, so the application of micro-seismic monitoring technology in deep wells and multi-lithologic strata is limited. Based on the investigation of the development of micro-seismic monitoring technology in recent years, the basic principle of micro-seismic crack monitoring is analyzed, which involves acoustic emission theory, Moor-Coulomb theory. Fracture mechanics criterion; Considering the different propagation velocity of microseismic wave in different lithologic strata, a focal location mathematical model of microseismic wave propagation in deep well and multi-stratum is established, and the mathematical model is solved by iterative method. The micro-seismic interpretation software is compiled by using computer programming language (VB.netMatlab). The software has the characteristics of 3D shape simulation of fractures and 2D and 3D display of the results. The effects of different velocity and different layering schemes on the interpretation results of microseismic are studied by applying the research results. Combined with field example wells, different fracturing wells (multi-layer vertical wells, horizontal wells, multi-section fracturing wells) are used. The inversion calculation and analysis of the microseismic monitoring data of water flooding wells show that the interpretation results are in good agreement with the fracturing design results, and the reliability of the model is proved. At the same time, it also provides the reference for the field fracturing design and the improvement of operation measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE357.1

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本文編號(hào)：2318382