【摘要】：大慶油田目前進(jìn)入開發(fā)后期,加大外圍油田開發(fā)力度是彌補(bǔ)老區(qū)產(chǎn)量遞減的重要手段。但由于外圍油田開發(fā)條件較差,目前油氣集輸工程占地面工程投資的比例基本在50%以上。由此可見,油氣集輸工程的建設(shè)方式直接影響地面工程建設(shè)的投資水平,是影響外圍油田實(shí)現(xiàn)低成本、高效益、高水平開發(fā)的重要因素。本項(xiàng)目以古龍油田為模型,確定了大慶外圍油田油氣集輸系統(tǒng)新的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)、設(shè)計(jì)理念。以室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)作為支撐對(duì)環(huán)狀摻水集油流程進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,確定了新的環(huán)狀集油流程單井摻水量的確定原則,優(yōu)化了油氣集輸系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),井口設(shè)計(jì)回壓升高到1.3MPa,集油半徑較優(yōu)化前增加一倍,含水油進(jìn)轉(zhuǎn)油站溫度降低至原油凝固點(diǎn)附近,摻水量較優(yōu)化前模式降低50%左右。對(duì)電加熱集油工藝進(jìn)行擴(kuò)大應(yīng)用,針對(duì)之前應(yīng)用中存在的問題改進(jìn)了電加熱管道制作工藝,同時(shí)將電加熱集油工藝與油氣混輸技術(shù)相匹配,創(chuàng)新出數(shù)字化撬裝增壓站,實(shí)現(xiàn)了油氣混輸站的集成化、撬裝化模式,提高了利用率,實(shí)現(xiàn)低產(chǎn)油田的可行性、高效開發(fā)。通過對(duì)集油工藝采取的優(yōu)化措施,降低了地面工程建設(shè)投資,實(shí)現(xiàn)了使油氣集輸系統(tǒng)地面工程投資占地面總工程投資的比例降低10%的目標(biāo)。本項(xiàng)目在大慶外圍油田環(huán)狀摻水流程集油參數(shù)和集油系統(tǒng)工程建設(shè)模式方面確定了四個(gè)新的集油參數(shù),研制了兩項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新應(yīng)用建設(shè)模式:確定了環(huán)狀摻水流程平均單井摻水量的最低界限;確定了采油井井口最高允許回壓的設(shè)計(jì)界限;確定了集油環(huán)轄井?dāng)?shù)的新界限;確定了外圍集油半徑的新界限;創(chuàng)新了電加熱集油與油氣混輸?shù)木C合工藝應(yīng)用模式;創(chuàng)新了數(shù)字化撬裝增壓一體化集成裝置的建設(shè)模式。優(yōu)化的環(huán)狀摻水集油工藝和“電加熱+油氣混輸”工藝不但適應(yīng)于大慶長垣及外圍油田,而且可以在國內(nèi)部分油田進(jìn)行推廣。古龍油田基建工程應(yīng)用本項(xiàng)目研究成果,68口井采用單管環(huán)狀摻水集油流程,68口井采用單管枝狀電加熱集油工藝,新建油氣混輸轉(zhuǎn)油站1座、數(shù)字化撬裝增壓站1座,與優(yōu)化前集油流程、集油參數(shù)及集油模式相比,平均年節(jié)省運(yùn)行成本168萬元,節(jié)省一次性建設(shè)投資896萬元。
[Abstract]:At present, Daqing oilfield has entered the later stage of development, increasing the development of peripheral oil fields is an important means to make up for the decline of production in the old area. However, because of the poor development conditions in the peripheral oil fields, the proportion of oil and gas gathering and transportation projects in the surface engineering investment is above 50%. It can be seen that the construction mode of oil and gas gathering and transportation projects directly affects the investment level of surface engineering construction, and is an important factor affecting the realization of low cost, high benefit and high level development of peripheral oil fields. Based on the model of Gulong Oilfield, the new design parameters and design concept of oil and gas gathering and transportation system in Daqing peripheral oil field are determined. Based on the laboratory experimental data, the annular water gathering process is optimized, the new principle of determining the water content in single well of the annular oil gathering process is determined, and the design parameters of the oil and gas gathering and transportation system are optimized. The backpressure of wellhead design is raised to 1.3 MPA, the radius of oil gathering is doubled, the temperature of water-cut oil injection station is reduced to near the freezing point of crude oil, and the water content is reduced by about 50% compared with the model before optimization. This paper expands the application of electric heating oil gathering technology, improves the electric heating pipeline making process in view of the problems existing in the previous application, and at the same time, matches the electric heating oil gathering process with the oil and gas mixed transportation technology, and innovates the digital prying charging booster station. The integration and prying mode of oil and gas mixed transportation station are realized, the utilization ratio is improved, the feasibility of low production oil field is realized, and the high efficiency development is realized. Through the optimization measures of oil gathering technology, the investment of ground engineering construction is reduced, and the goal of reducing the proportion of surface engineering investment of oil and gas gathering and transportation system to total surface engineering investment by 10% is achieved. In this project, four new oil gathering parameters have been determined in terms of the oil gathering parameters of the annular water mixing process and the construction mode of the oil gathering system in the peripheral oil fields of Daqing. Two innovative application models have been developed: the lowest limit of the average single well water volume in the annular water mixing process, the design limit of the maximum allowable back pressure at the well head of the production well, the new limit of the number of wells in the ring of oil gathering, and the design limit of the maximum allowable back pressure at the well head of the production well. The new limits of peripheral oil gathering radius are determined, the integrated technology application mode of electric heating oil collection and oil and gas mixed transportation is innovated, and the construction mode of digital prying and charging integrated device is innovated. The optimized annular water gathering technology and "electric heating oil and gas mixed transportation" process are not only suitable for Yu Daqing Changyuan and its peripheral oilfields, but also can be popularized in some oil fields in China. The application of this project in the capital construction project of Gulong Oilfield, 68 wells adopt single pipe annular water gathering process, 68 wells adopt single tube branched electric heating oil gathering technology, 1 oil and gas mixed transportation station and 1 digital prying booster station are built. Compared with the optimized oil gathering process, oil gathering parameters and oil gathering mode, the average annual operation cost is saved by 1.68 million yuan, and the one-time construction investment is saved by 8.96 million yuan.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE866

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