【摘要】：頁巖氣為非常規(guī)油氣資源,開發(fā)頁巖氣對于緩解能源危機意義深遠。頁巖的力學特性及破壞規(guī)律是影響頁巖氣開采全局的關鍵因素。通過監(jiān)測頁巖破壞過程的聲發(fā)射特性,可以推斷頁巖裂紋的發(fā)展過程。本文通過UTM5000微機控制電子萬能試驗機和PCI-2聲發(fā)射系統(tǒng)對江西省贛北地區(qū)的頁巖進行單軸壓縮試驗,獲得了不同地域和不同層理方向的頁巖力學特性和聲發(fā)射特性,并利用單參數和參數關聯(lián)分析法對不同地域和不同層理方向的頁巖在單軸壓縮下的力學特性和聲發(fā)射特性之間差異進行了分析;研究了頁巖在漸進加卸載試驗下的聲發(fā)射特性;采用真實破壞過程模擬軟件RFPA2D對頁巖單軸壓縮破壞過程及其聲發(fā)射特性和漸進加卸載條件下的頁巖kaiser效應進行了數值模擬。研究結果表明:不同地域的頁巖在單軸壓縮下的力學特性和聲發(fā)射特性具有明顯的差異;頁巖的抗壓強度越小,破壞過程聲發(fā)射活動越強,聲發(fā)射累計計數越大;頁巖層理方向對單軸壓縮抗壓強度和聲發(fā)射特性有顯著影響;0o層理方向抗壓強度最高,90o層理方向其次,45o層理方向抗壓強度最低;90o層理方向在整個變形破壞過程中AE振鈴累計計數和能量累計數最大,AE計數率和能率也最大,AE活動水平最強,45o層理方向頁巖的AE振鈴累計計數和能量累計數最小,計數率和能率也最小,AE活動水平最弱;通過漸進加卸載試驗得到的應力-時間-聲發(fā)射能率圖驗證了頁巖的凱瑟效應存在;通過RFPA2D軟件數值模擬動態(tài)顯示了頁巖材料變形破裂的整個過程,其聲發(fā)射圖形象地表征了試樣裂紋的位置和擴展過程;采用漸進加卸載方法進行數值模擬,驗證了頁巖具有明顯的Kaiser效應。
[Abstract]:Shale gas is an unconventional oil and gas resource, and the development of shale gas is of great significance in alleviating the energy crisis. The mechanical properties and failure law of shale are the key factors affecting the overall situation of shale gas production. The development process of shale cracks can be inferred by monitoring the acoustic emission characteristics of shale failure process. In this paper, UTM5000 microcomputer controlled electronic universal testing machine and PCI-2 acoustic emission system are used to carry out uniaxial compression tests on shale in the north of Jiangxi Province. The mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of shale in different regions and different bedding directions are obtained. The differences between the mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of shale in different regions and different bedding directions under uniaxial compression were analyzed by single parameter and parameter correlation analysis, and the acoustic emission characteristics of shale under progressive loading and unloading tests were studied. The real failure process simulation software RFPA2D was used to simulate the uniaxial compression failure process of shale and its acoustic emission characteristics and the shale kaiser effect under progressive loading and unloading conditions. The results show that there are obvious differences in mechanical and acoustic emission characteristics of shale under uniaxial compression in different regions, the smaller the compressive strength of shale is, the stronger the AE activity is during the destruction process, and the larger the cumulative number of AE is. Shale bedding direction has significant influence on uniaxial compression compressive strength and acoustic emission characteristics. The highest compressive strength in the 0 o bedding direction is the highest in 90 o bedding direction, and the lowest compressive strength is in the 45 o bedding direction. During the whole deformation and failure process, the compressive strength is the lowest. AE ringing accumulative count and energy accumulative count the maximum AE counting rate and energy rate are also the largest. The AE ringing accumulative count and energy accumulative count are the smallest in the shale in the direction of 45o bedding direction. The counting rate and energy rate are also the smallest and the activity level of AE is the weakest, and the stress-time-acoustic emission energy ratio diagram obtained from the progressive loading and unloading tests verifies the existence of the Cather effect in shale. The whole process of shale-material deformation and fracture is shown by numerical simulation of RFPA2D software, and its acoustic emission diagram vividly characterizes the crack location and propagation process of the sample, and the incremental loading and unloading method is used to carry out the numerical simulation. It is proved that shale has obvious Kaiser effect.
【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE21

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 李慶輝;陳勉;金衍;;含氣頁巖破壞模式及力學特性的試驗研究[J];巖石力學與工程學報;2012年S2期

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本文編號：2184963