【摘要】：油頁巖熱解過程中產(chǎn)生大量的輕質(zhì)氣體副產(chǎn)品，這種副產(chǎn)品因具有良好的可燃性而用作燃料進(jìn)行燃燒。由于國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)油頁巖熱解過程中輕質(zhì)氣體析出特性的研究鮮有報(bào)道，因此本論文采用熱重-紅外-質(zhì)譜三聯(lián)機(jī)和固相紅外對(duì)其進(jìn)行研究，主要從以下幾方面開展研究工作： 通過熱重試驗(yàn)，考察了四種油頁巖樣品的熱解失重特性，發(fā)現(xiàn)油頁巖熱解過程中總揮發(fā)分的析出趨勢(shì)一致。在80～150℃之間析出少量氣體，隨著溫度的升高，150℃之后揮發(fā)分逐漸析出，在450～480℃左右揮發(fā)分大量析出。 通過質(zhì)譜和紅外試驗(yàn)考察了油頁巖熱解過程中H2O、H2、CO、CO2、CH4和CnHm六種輕質(zhì)氣體的析出規(guī)律。隨著溫度的升高，H2、CH4和CnHm的析出速率曲線大致相似，呈高斯分布；CO和CO2的析出速率曲線大致相似，先是緩慢增加，隨后快速增加，，達(dá)到最大值后又快速下降直到熱解結(jié)束；H2O的析出速率曲線相對(duì)比較復(fù)雜，首先是油頁巖內(nèi)水的析出，然后是礦物質(zhì)的結(jié)晶水析出，最后為熱解水的析出，析出速率在三個(gè)階段內(nèi)均是先增大，達(dá)到最大值而后減小。 不同升溫速率下六種輕質(zhì)氣體析出活化能和頻率因子為176～249KJ·mol-1和109～1013S-1，隨著升溫速率的增大，活化能呈略微增大趨勢(shì)，頻率因子逐漸增大。在熱解失重方面，隨著升溫速率的增大，油頁巖熱解起始溫度和終止溫度逐漸升高、整個(gè)熱解過程的失重率逐漸減小、最大失重速率對(duì)應(yīng)的溫度逐漸增大和熱解過程輕質(zhì)氣體的析出溫度范圍逐漸變寬；在輕質(zhì)氣體析出特性溫度方面，輕質(zhì)氣體的初始析出溫度、終止析出溫度和最大析出速率對(duì)應(yīng)的溫度都隨著升溫速率的增大而逐漸增大；在輕質(zhì)氣體析出累計(jì)產(chǎn)量方面，升溫速率的增大導(dǎo)致輕質(zhì)氣體的析出累計(jì)產(chǎn)量呈略微增大趨勢(shì)并表現(xiàn)出了一定的滯后性。
[Abstract]:Oil shale pyrolysis produces a large number of light gas by-products, which are used as fuel for combustion because of their good flammability. Because there are few reports on the characteristics of light gas precipitation in oil shale pyrolysis process, the thermogravimetric infrared mass spectrometry and solid phase infrared spectroscopy are used to study the characteristics of oil shale pyrolysis in this paper. The main research work is as follows: through thermogravimetric test, the pyrolysis weight loss characteristics of four kinds of oil shale samples were investigated, and it was found that the precipitation trend of total volatile matter in the pyrolysis process of oil shale was consistent. A small amount of gas was precipitated between 80 鈩

本文編號(hào)：2180027