振動(dòng)管式鉆井液密度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的建立及其性能研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-11 12:12
【摘要】：鉆井過(guò)程中,鉆井液具有十分重要的作用,能否精確地檢測(cè)出鉆井液的密度以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)鉆井液各組成成分的物料比進(jìn)行控制關(guān)系到能否安全、高效地鉆井。目前,市場(chǎng)上存在多種用于液體密度檢測(cè)的設(shè)備和裝置,如浮子式密度計(jì)、靜壓式密度計(jì)、電容式流體密度計(jì)以及放射性同位素密度計(jì)以及振動(dòng)管式液體密度計(jì)等。然而,上述各種用于檢測(cè)液體密度的設(shè)備和裝置均有其使用的局限性,此外,又由于鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)較為惡劣的環(huán)境因素,所以,上述各種密度檢測(cè)設(shè)備和裝置均不能很好地滿足對(duì)鉆井液的密度進(jìn)行精確、安全、高效檢測(cè)的要求。為了能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對(duì)鉆井液的密度進(jìn)行精確、安全、高效檢測(cè)的要求,在設(shè)計(jì)液體密度計(jì)時(shí),應(yīng)充分考慮鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的振動(dòng)條件和溫度條件,同時(shí),結(jié)合鉆井液的流速條件、壓力條件以及鉆井液的物理性質(zhì)和化學(xué)性質(zhì)等,最終,提出并建立了振動(dòng)管式鉆井液密度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng),并在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的核心部件——振動(dòng)管式液體密度計(jì)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì),開(kāi)發(fā)出一種懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì),并對(duì)該密度計(jì)的各項(xiàng)性能進(jìn)行了有限元分析。完成的主要工作如下:(1)總結(jié)并分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外液體密度檢測(cè)設(shè)備和裝置的研究現(xiàn)狀,確定了選擇振動(dòng)管式液體密度計(jì)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)鉆井液密度進(jìn)行檢測(cè)的方案。結(jié)合鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的振動(dòng)條件和溫度條件以及鉆井液的壓力條件和流速條件等各項(xiàng)限制條件,提出并建立了振動(dòng)管式鉆井液密度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)。(2)綜合考慮振動(dòng)管式鉆井液密度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)中各組成模塊的功用,可知該鉆井液密度檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的各項(xiàng)性能可由振動(dòng)管式鉆井液密度計(jì)的各項(xiàng)性能表征。結(jié)合鉆井液的物理和化學(xué)性質(zhì),提出了一種新型的振動(dòng)管式液體密度計(jì)——以懸臂梁和測(cè)量管組成的部件為敏感元件的懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì),同時(shí),完成了該密度計(jì)的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算。(3)對(duì)懸臂梁和測(cè)量管組成的敏感元件S2進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,得出了敏感元件S2的第一階振型及其對(duì)應(yīng)的固有頻率,確定了激振頻率的下限值為1591.0Hz,上限值為1691.0Hz,步長(zhǎng)為0.01Hz。對(duì)該密度計(jì)的殼體進(jìn)行了模態(tài)分析,分析結(jié)果表明,殼體不會(huì)與懸臂梁和測(cè)量管組成的敏感元件S2產(chǎn)生共振,驗(yàn)證了懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和尺寸設(shè)計(jì)的合理性。(4)對(duì)敏感元件S2進(jìn)行了諧響應(yīng)分析,分析結(jié)果表明,在激振力的作用下,敏感元件S2的等效應(yīng)力和等效應(yīng)變均主要集中在懸臂梁的a端和b端相過(guò)度的位置附近,即當(dāng)懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)工作時(shí),懸臂梁的a端與b端相過(guò)度的位置附近容易發(fā)生破壞。(5)對(duì)敏感元件s2進(jìn)行了受鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)外界振動(dòng)作用時(shí)的諧響應(yīng)分析,分析結(jié)果表明,外界振動(dòng)引起的敏感元件s2產(chǎn)生的沿z軸方向的位移很小,可近似認(rèn)為外界振動(dòng)對(duì)懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的振動(dòng)性能不產(chǎn)生影響:外界振動(dòng)引起的懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的質(zhì)量流量測(cè)量誤差為0.0011%,該值遠(yuǎn)小于密度計(jì)質(zhì)量流量的測(cè)量精度要求2%;此外,外界振動(dòng)不影響敏感元件s2的固有頻率,可知外界振動(dòng)對(duì)懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的質(zhì)量流量和密度的測(cè)量影響很小,振動(dòng)性能優(yōu)好,能夠適應(yīng)鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的振動(dòng)條件。(6)對(duì)懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)進(jìn)行了溫度場(chǎng)作用下的模態(tài)分析,分析結(jié)果表明,鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的極限溫度引起的懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的密度測(cè)量誤差為0.0075g/cm3,該值滿足密度計(jì)密度的測(cè)量精度要求0.01g/cm3,可知,鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的溫度變化引起的密度測(cè)量誤差很小,懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的溫度性能優(yōu)好;(7)對(duì)懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)進(jìn)行了熱-結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析,分析結(jié)果表明,鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的極限溫度引起的左側(cè)懸臂梁和右側(cè)懸臂梁上拾振點(diǎn)處對(duì)應(yīng)的節(jié)點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生的沿z軸方向的位移相同,即鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的溫度條件不會(huì)對(duì)左側(cè)懸臂梁和右側(cè)懸臂梁的振動(dòng)造成位移差,可知,溫度對(duì)懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的質(zhì)量流量測(cè)量影響很小,溫度性能優(yōu)好,能夠適應(yīng)鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的溫度條件。(8)對(duì)敏感元件s2進(jìn)行了壓力作用下的模態(tài)分析,分析結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)鉆井液的壓力為設(shè)計(jì)極限時(shí),極限壓力引起的懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的密度測(cè)量誤差為0.0022g/cm3,該值滿足密度計(jì)密度的測(cè)量精度要求0.01g/cm3,可知,鉆井液的壓力變化引起的密度測(cè)量誤差很小,懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的壓力性能優(yōu)好。(9)對(duì)懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)進(jìn)行了流-固耦合分析,分析結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)鉆井液的壓力達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)上限時(shí),敏感元件s2產(chǎn)生的沿各方向位移均極小,極限壓力引起的懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的質(zhì)量流量測(cè)量誤差為0.0003%,該值遠(yuǎn)小于密度計(jì)質(zhì)量流量的測(cè)量精度要求2%,可知,懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的質(zhì)量流量測(cè)量受壓力影響很小,壓力性能優(yōu)良,能夠適應(yīng)極限工作壓力條件。此外,敏感元件s2產(chǎn)生的最大等效平均應(yīng)力遠(yuǎn)小于所用材料的最大許用應(yīng)力。(10)綜合考慮密度計(jì)本身的系統(tǒng)誤差、外界振動(dòng)、溫度以及鉆井液壓力引起的密度和質(zhì)量流量的測(cè)量誤差,可知,懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)密度測(cè)量的總誤差為0.0097g/cm3,質(zhì)量流量測(cè)量的總誤差為0.0014%,二者均能滿足密度計(jì)的測(cè)量精度要求,故懸臂梁式鉆井液密度計(jì)的振動(dòng)性能、溫度性能以及壓力性能優(yōu)好,均能夠滿足鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的工作條件。
[Abstract]:Drilling fluid plays a very important role in the drilling process. Whether the density of drilling fluid can be accurately detected to control the material ratio of each component of drilling fluid is related to whether the drilling fluid can be drilled safely and efficiently. However, all the above-mentioned devices and devices used to detect liquid density have their limitations in use. In addition, due to the harsh environmental factors on the drilling site, the above-mentioned density testing equipment and devices are not available. In order to achieve the requirement of accurate, safe and efficient detection of drilling fluid density, the vibration and temperature conditions on the drilling site should be fully considered in the design of fluid density timing. At the same time, the flow velocity and pressure conditions of drilling fluid should be considered. Finally, a vibrating tubular drilling fluid density measuring system is proposed and established. On this basis, a vibrating tubular liquid densimeter, which is the core component of the testing system, is designed, and a cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is developed. The main work is as follows: (1) Summarize and analyze the research status of fluid density testing equipment and devices at home and abroad, and determine the scheme of choosing vibrating tubular liquid densimeter to realize the detection of drilling fluid density. (2) Considering the function of each module in the vibrating tubular drilling fluid density testing system, it is known that the performances of the drilling fluid density testing system can be characterized by the performances of the vibrating tubular drilling fluid densimeter. Physical and chemical properties of a new type of vibrating tube type liquid densimeter, a cantilever type drilling fluid densimeter with the components of cantilever beam and measuring tube as sensing elements, are presented. At the same time, the design and calculation of the densimeter are completed. (3) The modal analysis of the sensitive element S2 composed of cantilever beam and measuring tube is carried out, and the sensitivity is obtained. The lower limit value of excitation frequency is 1591.0 Hz, the upper limit value is 1691.0 Hz, and the step length is 0.01 Hz. The modal analysis of the shell of the densimeter is carried out. The results show that the shell will not resonate with the sensitive element S2 composed of the cantilever beam and the measuring tube, and the cantilever beam type is verified. (4) The harmonic response analysis of the sensor S2 is carried out. The results show that the equivalent stress and strain of the sensor S2 are mainly concentrated in the vicinity of the excessive phases of the a-end and b-end of the cantilever beam when the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter works. (5) Harmonic response analysis of sensitive element S2 under the action of external vibration in drilling site is carried out. The results show that the displacement along Z axis caused by external vibration of sensitive element S2 is very small, which can be approximated to the density of the cantilever drilling fluid. The measuring error of mass flow rate of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter caused by external vibration is 0.0011%, which is far less than 2% of the measuring accuracy of the densimeter mass flow rate; moreover, the external vibration does not affect the natural frequency of the sensitive element s 2, so the quality of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is known. (6) The modal analysis of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter under the action of temperature field is carried out. The results show that the density measurement error of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter caused by the limit temperature of the drilling site is 0.0075g/cm3. This value meets the density measurement accuracy requirement of 0.01g/cm3. It can be seen that the density measurement error caused by the temperature change in the drilling site is very small, and the temperature performance of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is excellent. (7) The thermal-structural coupling analysis of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is carried out, and the results show that the limit temperature in the drilling site causes the density measurement error. The displacement along the Z axis produced by the node corresponding to the vibration pickup point on the left cantilever beam and the right cantilever beam is the same, that is, the displacement difference between the vibration of the left cantilever beam and the right cantilever beam will not be caused by the temperature condition in the drilling site. It is known that the temperature has little influence on the mass flow measurement of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter and the temperature performance is good. (8) The modal analysis of the sensitive element S2 under pressure is carried out. The results show that when the drilling fluid pressure is the design limit, the density measurement error of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter caused by the limit pressure is 0.0022g/cm3, which meets the density measurement accuracy requirement of the densimeter 0.01. G / cm 3, it is known that the density measurement error caused by the pressure change of drilling fluid is very small, and the pressure performance of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is excellent. (9) The fluid-solid coupling analysis of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is carried out. The results show that when the pressure of drilling fluid reaches the design upper limit, the displacement of the sensitive element S2 is uniform along all directions. The mass flow measurement error of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter caused by the extreme pressure is 0.0003%, which is far less than 2% of the measurement accuracy of the densimeter mass flow. The maximum equivalent average stress produced by the inductor S2 is far less than the maximum allowable stress of the material used. (10) Considering the systematic error of the densimeter itself, the measurement error of density and mass flow caused by external vibration, temperature and drilling fluid pressure, the total error of density measurement of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is 0.0097g/cm3, and the total error of quality measurement is 0.0097g/cm3. The total error of flowrate measurement is 0.0014%. Both of them can satisfy the measuring accuracy requirement of the densimeter. Therefore, the vibration performance, temperature performance and pressure performance of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter are excellent, which can meet the working conditions of the drilling site.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE254
本文編號(hào)：2176960
[Abstract]:Drilling fluid plays a very important role in the drilling process. Whether the density of drilling fluid can be accurately detected to control the material ratio of each component of drilling fluid is related to whether the drilling fluid can be drilled safely and efficiently. However, all the above-mentioned devices and devices used to detect liquid density have their limitations in use. In addition, due to the harsh environmental factors on the drilling site, the above-mentioned density testing equipment and devices are not available. In order to achieve the requirement of accurate, safe and efficient detection of drilling fluid density, the vibration and temperature conditions on the drilling site should be fully considered in the design of fluid density timing. At the same time, the flow velocity and pressure conditions of drilling fluid should be considered. Finally, a vibrating tubular drilling fluid density measuring system is proposed and established. On this basis, a vibrating tubular liquid densimeter, which is the core component of the testing system, is designed, and a cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is developed. The main work is as follows: (1) Summarize and analyze the research status of fluid density testing equipment and devices at home and abroad, and determine the scheme of choosing vibrating tubular liquid densimeter to realize the detection of drilling fluid density. (2) Considering the function of each module in the vibrating tubular drilling fluid density testing system, it is known that the performances of the drilling fluid density testing system can be characterized by the performances of the vibrating tubular drilling fluid densimeter. Physical and chemical properties of a new type of vibrating tube type liquid densimeter, a cantilever type drilling fluid densimeter with the components of cantilever beam and measuring tube as sensing elements, are presented. At the same time, the design and calculation of the densimeter are completed. (3) The modal analysis of the sensitive element S2 composed of cantilever beam and measuring tube is carried out, and the sensitivity is obtained. The lower limit value of excitation frequency is 1591.0 Hz, the upper limit value is 1691.0 Hz, and the step length is 0.01 Hz. The modal analysis of the shell of the densimeter is carried out. The results show that the shell will not resonate with the sensitive element S2 composed of the cantilever beam and the measuring tube, and the cantilever beam type is verified. (4) The harmonic response analysis of the sensor S2 is carried out. The results show that the equivalent stress and strain of the sensor S2 are mainly concentrated in the vicinity of the excessive phases of the a-end and b-end of the cantilever beam when the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter works. (5) Harmonic response analysis of sensitive element S2 under the action of external vibration in drilling site is carried out. The results show that the displacement along Z axis caused by external vibration of sensitive element S2 is very small, which can be approximated to the density of the cantilever drilling fluid. The measuring error of mass flow rate of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter caused by external vibration is 0.0011%, which is far less than 2% of the measuring accuracy of the densimeter mass flow rate; moreover, the external vibration does not affect the natural frequency of the sensitive element s 2, so the quality of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is known. (6) The modal analysis of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter under the action of temperature field is carried out. The results show that the density measurement error of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter caused by the limit temperature of the drilling site is 0.0075g/cm3. This value meets the density measurement accuracy requirement of 0.01g/cm3. It can be seen that the density measurement error caused by the temperature change in the drilling site is very small, and the temperature performance of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is excellent. (7) The thermal-structural coupling analysis of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is carried out, and the results show that the limit temperature in the drilling site causes the density measurement error. The displacement along the Z axis produced by the node corresponding to the vibration pickup point on the left cantilever beam and the right cantilever beam is the same, that is, the displacement difference between the vibration of the left cantilever beam and the right cantilever beam will not be caused by the temperature condition in the drilling site. It is known that the temperature has little influence on the mass flow measurement of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter and the temperature performance is good. (8) The modal analysis of the sensitive element S2 under pressure is carried out. The results show that when the drilling fluid pressure is the design limit, the density measurement error of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter caused by the limit pressure is 0.0022g/cm3, which meets the density measurement accuracy requirement of the densimeter 0.01. G / cm 3, it is known that the density measurement error caused by the pressure change of drilling fluid is very small, and the pressure performance of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is excellent. (9) The fluid-solid coupling analysis of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is carried out. The results show that when the pressure of drilling fluid reaches the design upper limit, the displacement of the sensitive element S2 is uniform along all directions. The mass flow measurement error of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter caused by the extreme pressure is 0.0003%, which is far less than 2% of the measurement accuracy of the densimeter mass flow. The maximum equivalent average stress produced by the inductor S2 is far less than the maximum allowable stress of the material used. (10) Considering the systematic error of the densimeter itself, the measurement error of density and mass flow caused by external vibration, temperature and drilling fluid pressure, the total error of density measurement of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter is 0.0097g/cm3, and the total error of quality measurement is 0.0097g/cm3. The total error of flowrate measurement is 0.0014%. Both of them can satisfy the measuring accuracy requirement of the densimeter. Therefore, the vibration performance, temperature performance and pressure performance of the cantilever drilling fluid densimeter are excellent, which can meet the working conditions of the drilling site.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE254
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