發(fā)布時間：2018-08-07 10:26

【摘要】：本課題的目的是為了開發(fā)一種新的油井除蠟電加熱方法。本文理論依據(jù)是基于電磁效應變電阻加熱油管的方法,控制方法采用模糊PID控制理論,從而達到對溫度的準確的控制,最后對加熱電路進行設計,實現(xiàn)油井采油效率的提高,從而達到提效、節(jié)能的效果。此方法不同于之前通過電源加熱空心抽油桿除蠟的方法,而是直接加熱油管來進行除蠟,利用電磁效應變電阻原理產生熱能,對油井采油加熱降低粘稠度。這種方法可對在油管管壁和抽油桿上的結蠟有很好的效果,同時減少抽油機負荷。運用的電磁效應變電阻原理的核心是集膚效應與鄰近效應,通過對集膚效應原理和鄰近效應原理的分析,以油管電路為模型,從電磁學的角度分析了加熱的發(fā)生機理,為應用方波交流電對電磁效應變電阻加熱系統(tǒng)進行設計鋪平了道路。本文控制對象是基于電磁效應變電阻加熱系統(tǒng),具有變量多、非線性、大滯后及干擾性強的特點,所以為了達到控制目的不能采用常規(guī)的控制方法。本系統(tǒng)設計了基于模糊的PID控制器,能夠按照設定溫度和負載溫度側采集的實時溫度來調節(jié)逆變側。運用中頻加熱電源工作原理設計了一個油管中頻加熱電源,其中控制部分選用PLC,主電路選用AC-DC-AC變頻電路。本文對溫度控制策略進行了MATLAB仿真驗證,完成采油管中頻感應加熱電源主電路硬件的設計,并對在實際現(xiàn)場應用中可預見的系統(tǒng)故障進行外圍電路進行設計以及系統(tǒng)可靠性調整。對裝置進行現(xiàn)場模擬試驗,證明中頻加熱電源對溫度能夠進行準確控制并且系統(tǒng)運行穩(wěn)定,大大提氋了高含蠟石油熱處理效果,從而使得油井采油效率得到提高,能夠達到系統(tǒng)的商業(yè)化油井采油要求。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to develop a new electric heating method for oil well dewaxing. The theoretical basis of this paper is the method of heating tubing with variable resistance based on electromagnetic effect. The control method adopts fuzzy PID control theory to achieve accurate control of temperature. Finally, the heating circuit is designed to improve the oil production efficiency. In order to achieve efficiency, energy saving effect. This method is different from the previous method of dewaxing by heating hollow sucker rod by power supply, but directly heating the tubing to dewaxing. The heat energy is generated by using the principle of changing the resistance of electromagnetic effect, and the viscosity of oil well is reduced by heating the oil well. This method has a good effect on the wax deposit on the tubing wall and the sucker rod, while reducing the load of the pumping unit. The core of the electromagnetic effect variable resistance principle is the skin effect and proximity effect. Through the analysis of the skin effect principle and the proximity effect principle, taking the tubing circuit as the model, the mechanism of heating is analyzed from the point of view of electromagnetism. It paves the way for the application of square wave alternating current to the design of electromagnetic effect variable resistance heating system. The control object in this paper is a variable-resistance heating system based on electromagnetic effect, which has many variables, nonlinear, large delay and strong disturbance, so the conventional control method can not be adopted for the purpose of control. A fuzzy PID controller is designed in this system, which can adjust the inverter side according to the real time temperature collected from the set temperature and load temperature side. A tubing intermediate frequency heating power supply is designed based on the working principle of intermediate frequency heating power supply, in which the control part is controlled by AC-DC-AC and the main circuit is composed of AC-DC-AC frequency conversion circuit. In this paper, the temperature control strategy is verified by MATLAB simulation, and the hardware design of the main circuit of the intermediate frequency induction heating power supply is completed. The peripheral circuit design and system reliability adjustment are carried out for the foreseeable system faults in the actual field application. The field simulation test of the device proves that the if heating power can accurately control the temperature and the system runs stably, which greatly improves the heat treatment effect of the high waxy oil, thus improving the oil recovery efficiency of the oil well. It can meet the requirement of commercial oil well production.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE358.2

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本文編號：2169733