【摘要】：隨鉆油氣檢測(cè)技術(shù)可以對(duì)鉆井過(guò)程中的地下油氣情況進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)檢測(cè)和評(píng)價(jià),有助于及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)并評(píng)價(jià)解釋油氣層。目前隨鉆油氣分離的主要手段依靠脫氣器,并利用色譜原理將鉆井液體中的飽和烷烴脫離出來(lái)并進(jìn)行檢測(cè)、評(píng)價(jià)。目前該技術(shù)存在著檢測(cè)方法不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、分析速度慢、油氣評(píng)價(jià)非定量化的問(wèn)題,制約著該技術(shù)的發(fā)展和推廣。本文的研究目的通過(guò)對(duì)隨鉆氣體檢測(cè)技術(shù)存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析,從脫氣環(huán)節(jié)、檢測(cè)環(huán)節(jié)入手,提出一套系統(tǒng)的定量油氣檢測(cè)方法,并研制出一套完整的原理樣機(jī)。在脫氣環(huán)節(jié),提出了一種新型的定量鉆井液的脫氣方法,通過(guò)分析鉆井液循環(huán)氣體存在的運(yùn)移模式,引入了半透膜脫氣的概念,設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型的油氣分離裝置,可以直接插入鉆井液提取樣品。在油氣檢測(cè)環(huán)節(jié),通過(guò)對(duì)快速色譜技術(shù)理論分析,系統(tǒng)總結(jié)了提高氣體檢測(cè)分析速度的方法。從優(yōu)化最小分辨率、色譜柱選擇性、工作參數(shù)等方面入手,明確了影響氣體檢測(cè)分析速度的各個(gè)因素。在實(shí)驗(yàn)研究基礎(chǔ)上提出一套以TCD為基礎(chǔ)的快速油氣檢測(cè)裝置,該裝置可以將油氣檢測(cè)范圍從C1~C5擴(kuò)展到C1~C8,包括苯和甲苯。檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的分析周期為90s。在油氣評(píng)價(jià)環(huán)節(jié),針對(duì)該檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)微小信號(hào)問(wèn)題,提出了微小氣測(cè)信號(hào)的識(shí)別方法;針對(duì)不同井采用的錄井系統(tǒng)不同,提出了不同井之間氣測(cè)值對(duì)比方法;針對(duì)混油鉆井液對(duì)氣測(cè)值的干擾問(wèn)題,分析了混油響應(yīng)氣測(cè)值識(shí)別方法。該檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)通過(guò)室內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)和兩口井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)測(cè)試,結(jié)果證明系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)合理,脫氣定量性好,檢測(cè)成分全,檢測(cè)速度快,為鉆井現(xiàn)場(chǎng)油氣檢測(cè)提供了新的手段。
[Abstract]:The technology of oil and gas detection while drilling can detect and evaluate the underground oil and gas situation in real time during drilling, which is helpful to discover and evaluate the oil and gas zones in time. At present, the main means of oil and gas separation while drilling depends on the degassing device, and the saturated alkanes in drilling fluids are separated by chromatographic principle and tested and evaluated. At present, there are some problems in this technology, such as nonstandard detection method, slow analysis speed and non-quantitative evaluation of oil and gas, which restrict the development and popularization of this technology. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problems existing in the gas while drilling detection technology and to put forward a set of systematic quantitative oil and gas detection method and develop a set of complete principle prototype from degassing link and detection link. In the process of degassing, a new method of degassing of quantitative drilling fluid is put forward. By analyzing the migration mode of circulating gas in drilling fluid, the concept of semi-permeable membrane degassing is introduced, and a new oil and gas separation device is designed. Drilling fluid can be inserted directly to extract samples. In oil and gas detection, the methods to improve the gas detection and analysis speed are systematically summarized through the theoretical analysis of rapid chromatographic technology. From the aspects of optimizing the minimum resolution, column selectivity and working parameters, the factors affecting the gas detection and analysis speed were determined. On the basis of experimental research, a set of rapid oil and gas detection device based on TCD is proposed, which can extend the oil and gas detection range from C1~C5 to C1C8, including benzene and toluene. The analysis period of the detection system is 90 s. In the oil and gas evaluation, aiming at the small signal problem of the detection system, the method of identifying the tiny gas logging signal is put forward, and the comparison method of the gas logging value between different wells is put forward according to the different logging systems used in different wells. Aiming at the interference of mixed drilling fluid to gas logging value, the identification method of mixed oil response gas logging value is analyzed. The results of laboratory experiments and field tests in two wells show that the system has the advantages of reasonable design, good degassing quantification, complete detection components and fast detection speed, which provides a new method for oil and gas detection in drilling field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE254.1

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