【摘要】：在油田生產(chǎn)中潛油電泵所處工作環(huán)境溫度較高,這就對潛油電機的性能提出了更高要求。為了提高稠油采收率，目前普遍使用蒸汽驅(qū)。蒸汽驅(qū)是將蒸汽注入到一口或多口井中，先通過加熱把地下粘度較大的稠油降粘，降粘后的稠油在蒸汽蒸餾的作用下，原油會驅(qū)向鄰近多口生產(chǎn)井，這樣以便于采出。 隨著溫度的升高，電機的效率下降，使用壽命也隨之降低。在其它條件不變的情況下，要想延長潛油電機的運轉(zhuǎn)壽命，現(xiàn)在普遍做法是通過降低潛油電機的電流，減小損耗，使得潛油電機自身溫度的上升得到降低。目前大部分生產(chǎn)廠家都采用提高輸入電壓的方式來提高電機效率，這就隨之帶來另一個問題，隨著輸入電壓和溫度的升高，繞組絕緣被破壞，加上潛油電機細長結(jié)構(gòu)，使得電機對地電容增大，對于中性點不接地電機，如果電容電流過大，這將會對繞組和定子鐵心之間的絕緣造成損壞從而形成常見的單相接地故障，又恰巧出現(xiàn)另一接地點的話，，這樣會造成匝間或著相間短路，從而對電機造成更嚴重的破壞。因此，對于高溫潛油電機的對地電容不能再忽略，高溫潛油電機對地電容的計算與分析具有迫切需求。 本文結(jié)合工程實際，修正了潛油電機的設(shè)計方法。通過優(yōu)化潛油電機端部漏抗和轉(zhuǎn)子齒磁路計算以及機械損耗計算，針對潛油電機的細長結(jié)構(gòu)，重新設(shè)計了斜槽，設(shè)計了全新的116型高溫潛油電機。利用Ansoft/RMxprt軟件對電機性能做了仿真分析，進一步確定電磁設(shè)計優(yōu)化方案的合理性。用有限元分析方法建立考慮對地電容的潛油電機三維Ansys模型，用靜電場分析方法求解出電容的數(shù)值解，并作出了考慮對地電容的端部等效電路。最后利用電路仿真軟件Tina7所提供的電路分析計算的方法最后將定子繞組電位分布計算出來并根據(jù)計算結(jié)果繪制出電位分布曲線。通過分析繞組的電位分布，在提高輸入電壓時必須考慮對對地電容的影響。將額定電壓提高1.2倍作為輸入電壓，既可以滿足對地電容不被擊穿，同時可以顯著提高電機性能。
[Abstract]:The working environment of the electric submersible pump in oil field is relatively high, which puts forward higher requirements for the performance of the submersible motor. In order to improve heavy oil recovery, steam flooding is widely used at present. Steam flooding is the injection of steam into one or more wells, and the viscous oil with high underground viscosity is first reduced by heating. The crude oil will be driven to several production wells in the vicinity by steam distillation, so as to facilitate production. With the increase of temperature, the efficiency and service life of the motor decrease. In order to prolong the operating life of the submersible motor under other conditions, it is common to reduce the current and loss of the submersible motor and reduce the temperature rise of the submersible motor. At present, most manufacturers increase the efficiency of the motor by increasing the input voltage, which brings another problem. With the increase of the input voltage and temperature, the insulation of the windings is destroyed, and the submersible motor has a slender structure. If the capacitance current of the motor is too large, it will damage the insulation between the winding and the stator core, thus forming a common single-phase grounding fault, which makes the electrical capacitance to the ground of the motor increase, and for the neutral point ungrounded motor, if the capacitance current is too large, it will damage the insulation between the winding and the stator core. Another spot happens to occur, which can cause interturn or interphase short circuit, thus causing more serious damage to the motor. Therefore, the ground capacitance of high temperature submersible motor can no longer be ignored, and the calculation and analysis of the ground capacitance of high temperature submersible motor have an urgent need. In this paper, the design method of submersible motor is modified in combination with engineering practice. By optimizing the end leakage reactance, rotor tooth magnetic circuit calculation and mechanical loss calculation of the submersible motor, a new type 116 high temperature submersible motor is designed for the slender structure of the submersible motor. The performance of the motor is simulated and analyzed by using Ansoft/RMxprt software, and the rationality of the optimization scheme of electromagnetic design is further determined. The three-dimensional Ansys model of submersible motor considering ground capacitance is established by finite element method. The numerical solution of capacitance is solved by electrostatic field analysis method, and the end equivalent circuit with respect to ground capacitance is made. Finally, the potential distribution of stator windings is calculated by the method of circuit analysis and calculation provided by the circuit simulation software Tina7, and the potential distribution curve is drawn according to the calculated results. By analyzing the potential distribution of the winding, the influence on the earth capacitance must be considered when increasing the input voltage. If the rated voltage is increased by 1.2 times as the input voltage, it can not only satisfy the ground capacitance without breakdown, but also significantly improve the performance of the motor.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE93;TM302

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