【摘要】：本論文設(shè)計(jì)了一種儀器用于實(shí)現(xiàn)基于近紅外透光度掃描的重油穩(wěn)定性檢測,并借助儀器深入研究了檢測過程,構(gòu)建了檢測過程透光度變化的數(shù)學(xué)模型。首先對重油穩(wěn)定性問題產(chǎn)生的原因、瀝青質(zhì)分離的過程進(jìn)行了深入研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析了檢測方法的理論基礎(chǔ),論證了檢測方法的可行性。之后根據(jù)檢測方法要求進(jìn)行了重油穩(wěn)定性檢測儀的研發(fā),包括單片機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、近紅外透光度檢測系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、檢測平臺平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行和精確定位解決方案、步進(jìn)電機(jī)運(yùn)動控制算法等。并拓展了儀器的人機(jī)交互、數(shù)據(jù)讀寫、通信等功能。完成檢測設(shè)備的研制后,本文根據(jù)檢測原理,對檢測設(shè)備進(jìn)行了誤差分析和功能驗(yàn)證,驗(yàn)證了儀器功能的實(shí)現(xiàn),并為設(shè)備檢測精度的提高提供了改進(jìn)方案。最后使用該儀器對檢測過程的透光度變化情況和粒子沉降情況進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)研究。根據(jù)透光度數(shù)據(jù)估算出檢測過程的粒子沉降速度和粒子直徑分布,并將檢測過程劃分為瀝青質(zhì)分離、顆�？焖俪两�、顆粒干擾沉降、基本沉降完成四個階段,針對四個階段分別提出了透光度均值變化的數(shù)學(xué)模型。最后根據(jù)四個階段的數(shù)學(xué)模型,對透光度均值變化數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了曲線擬合,根據(jù)擬合效果驗(yàn)證模型可用。并為沉降過程中瀝青質(zhì)分離過程、粒子濃度、粒子直徑的進(jìn)一步研究提供了方法。
[Abstract]:In this paper, an instrument is designed to detect the stability of heavy oil based on near infrared transmittance scanning. Firstly, the cause of the problem of heavy oil stability and the process of asphaltene separation are studied in depth. On this basis, the theoretical basis of the detection method is analyzed, and the feasibility of the detection method is demonstrated. Then according to the requirements of the detection method, the research and development of the heavy oil stability detector is carried out, including the design of the single-chip microcomputer control system, the design of the near-infrared transmittance detection system, the smooth operation of the detection platform and the solution of accurate positioning. Step motor motion control algorithm and so on. And expand the instrument's man-machine interaction, data reading and writing, communication and other functions. After the development of the testing equipment, the error analysis and function verification of the testing equipment are carried out according to the detection principle, the realization of the instrument function is verified, and an improved scheme is provided for the improvement of the detection precision of the equipment. At last, the change of transmittance and particle sedimentation are studied in detail by using this instrument. According to the transmittance data, the particle settling velocity and particle diameter distribution are estimated, and the detection process is divided into four stages: asphaltene separation, particle rapid settlement, particle interference settlement, and basic settlement completion. According to the four stages, the mathematical model of the change of the mean value of transmittance is put forward. Finally, according to the mathematical model of four stages, the curve fitting of the data of the change of the mean value of transmittance is carried out, and the model is proved to be available according to the fitting effect. It also provides a method for the further study of asphaltene separation process, particle concentration and particle diameter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TE622

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