【摘要】：隨著天然氣井勘探開(kāi)發(fā)的不斷深入,井筒完整性問(wèn)題受到越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注,尤其在高溫高壓氣井生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,持續(xù)環(huán)空帶壓的問(wèn)題越來(lái)越突出,對(duì)安全生產(chǎn)造成了嚴(yán)重的威脅,這引起了油田專(zhuān)家和學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。較高的環(huán)空溫度是導(dǎo)致環(huán)空帶壓的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素,而且它會(huì)加劇含硫氣田中油套管的腐蝕,甚至可能引起人員傷亡和環(huán)境危害。因此,有必要采取一定措施來(lái)降低井筒環(huán)空溫度,從而能夠有效降低環(huán)空壓力,提高井筒完整性和延長(zhǎng)氣井的生產(chǎn)壽命。本文提出了一種控制環(huán)空帶壓的新方法,即在高溫高壓氣井中,將井下節(jié)流器安裝在一個(gè)較合適的井底位置,從而有效控制由環(huán)空溫度升高導(dǎo)致的井口持續(xù)環(huán)空帶壓現(xiàn)象。對(duì)于高溫高壓氣井,安裝一個(gè)井下節(jié)流器并不能夠?qū)⒕跍囟群蛪毫档椭晾硐胫?可能需要采用井下多級(jí)節(jié)流技術(shù)。本文對(duì)井下節(jié)流流動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行了分析,并對(duì)井下節(jié)流和井口節(jié)流的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析�；趥鳠釋W(xué)以及流體力學(xué)相關(guān)理論,應(yīng)用動(dòng)量守恒、能量守恒定律和井下節(jié)流溫降壓降模型,建立高溫高壓氣井采用井下多級(jí)節(jié)流技術(shù)后井筒溫度和壓力分布計(jì)算模型,并進(jìn)行了敏感性分析。根據(jù)傳熱學(xué)理論,建立了環(huán)空溫度和壓力預(yù)測(cè)計(jì)算模型�；诠�(jié)流溫降壓降計(jì)算模型和熱膨脹導(dǎo)致的環(huán)空帶壓機(jī)理,利用氣井節(jié)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)分析方法,根據(jù)擬實(shí)現(xiàn)的井口溫度、壓力和允許的環(huán)空帶壓值來(lái)確定井下節(jié)流器的個(gè)數(shù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)某氣井應(yīng)用井下多級(jí)節(jié)流技術(shù)來(lái)降低環(huán)空帶壓進(jìn)行了實(shí)例計(jì)算。
[Abstract]:With the development of exploration and development of natural gas wells, more and more attention has been paid to wellbore integrity, especially in the production process of high temperature and high pressure gas wells, the problem of continuous annular zone pressure is becoming more and more prominent, which poses a serious threat to the safety of production. This has aroused the extensive concern of oil field experts and scholars. Higher annulus temperature is a key factor leading to annular zone pressure, and it will aggravate the corrosion of oil casing in sulfur-bearing gas field, and may even cause casualties and environmental hazards. Therefore, it is necessary to take some measures to reduce the wellbore annulus temperature, so as to effectively reduce the annulus pressure, improve wellbore integrity and prolong the production life of gas wells. In this paper, a new method of controlling annular zone pressure is proposed, that is, in high temperature and high pressure gas wells, the downhole throttle is installed in a more suitable bottom hole position, thus effectively controlling the phenomenon of continuous annular zone pressure in the wellhead caused by the increase of annulus temperature. For high temperature and high pressure gas wells, the installation of a downhole throttle can not reduce the wellhead temperature and pressure to an ideal value, so it may be necessary to adopt downhole multistage throttling technology. In this paper, the characteristics of downhole throttling flow are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of downhole throttling and wellhead throttling are compared. Based on the relevant theories of heat transfer and fluid mechanics, applying momentum conservation, energy conservation law and downhole throttling temperature and pressure drop model, a well bore temperature and pressure distribution model after adopting downhole multistage throttling technology in high temperature and high pressure gas wells is established. Sensitivity analysis was carried out. Based on the theory of heat transfer, the prediction model of temperature and pressure in annulus is established. Based on the calculation model of throttling temperature and pressure drop and the mechanism of annular zone pressure caused by thermal expansion, the number of downhole throttle is determined according to the expected wellhead temperature, pressure and allowable annulus zone pressure by using the method of gas well nodal system analysis. On this basis, the application of downhole multistage throttling technology to reduce annular zone pressure in a gas well in China is calculated.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE28

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