發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-03 05:09

  本文選題：長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酸 + 長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酰氯　； 參考：《東北石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：脂肪酸是一類來(lái)源豐富、價(jià)格低廉的化工原料,利用長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酸制備長(zhǎng)鏈�；�,作為三次采油表面活性劑烷基苯磺酸鹽的中間體,對(duì)新型表面活性劑的開(kāi)發(fā)和驅(qū)油機(jī)理的研究具有重大的意義。本文分別以長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酸:十四酸、十六酸為起始原料,采用氯化亞砜法制備長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酰氯,考察制備酰氯的影響因素,確定合成工藝:以苯為溶劑采用滴加的方式加入二氯亞砜(SOCl2),分別在40℃和60℃的溫度下制備十四酰氯與十六酰氯,反應(yīng)時(shí)間5h,得到產(chǎn)率較高、純度較好的酰氯中間體產(chǎn)品,并對(duì)酰氯產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行紅外譜圖表征,產(chǎn)物的紅外譜圖中有明顯的-C-Cl鍵特征吸收峰。本文采用傅-克(F-C)酰基化反應(yīng)方法,以酰氯為�；噭�,無(wú)水三氯化鋁(AlCl3)作為催化劑,與苯試劑進(jìn)行反應(yīng)合成長(zhǎng)鏈�；�,考察了反應(yīng)溫度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、反應(yīng)物原料比對(duì)合成的影響,通過(guò)合成工藝優(yōu)化確定最佳反應(yīng)條件,十四�；�:反應(yīng)溫度60℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間8h,原料酰氯:AlCl3:苯的摩爾比1:1.3:8.4,產(chǎn)率可達(dá)85.7%;十六�；�:反應(yīng)溫度80℃,反應(yīng)時(shí)間8h,反應(yīng)物酰氯:AlCl3:苯的摩爾比為1:1.3:8.4,產(chǎn)率可達(dá)89.85%。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在優(yōu)化的反應(yīng)條件下,合成長(zhǎng)鏈�；降姆磻�(yīng)重復(fù)性好,產(chǎn)率較高。對(duì)所合成得�；疆a(chǎn)品進(jìn)行熔點(diǎn)測(cè)試,十四酰基苯熔程:52.1~52.8℃;十六�；饺鄢�:59.0℃~61.0℃,熔程范圍較窄,說(shuō)明產(chǎn)品純度較高,紅外光譜測(cè)定結(jié)果表明所合成產(chǎn)品的紅外譜圖中均出現(xiàn)芳香酮結(jié)構(gòu)典型的特征吸收峰,說(shuō)明了產(chǎn)品中有酰基苯結(jié)構(gòu)的生成,所合成產(chǎn)物為目標(biāo)產(chǎn)品。
[Abstract]:Fatty acid is a kind of chemical raw material with abundant source and low price. Long chain acyl benzene is prepared from long chain fatty acid, which is used as intermediate of alkyl benzene sulfonate of tertiary oil recovery surfactant. It is of great significance to develop new surfactants and study the oil displacement mechanism. In this paper, long chain fatty acid, tetradecanoic acid and hexadecanoic acid were used as starting materials to prepare long chain aliphatic acyl chloride by sulfoxide method, and the factors affecting the preparation of acyl chloride were investigated. The synthesis process was determined as follows: tetradecyl chloride and hexadecyl chloride were prepared by adding dichloro sulfoxide (SOCl _ 2) in benzene as solvent at 40 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2092524