射流式泡沫發(fā)生器氣液兩相流流動規(guī)律研究及結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化
發(fā)布時間:2018-06-25 10:59
本文選題:射流式泡沫發(fā)生器 + 氣液兩相流 ; 參考:《東北石油大學》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:本文以射流式泡沫發(fā)生器為模型,其結(jié)構(gòu)簡單,安裝維護方便,產(chǎn)泡能力強,且能根據(jù)現(xiàn)場實際情況產(chǎn)出不同倍數(shù)的泡沫。根據(jù)某油田礦場水平井沖砂作業(yè)的射流式泡沫發(fā)生器外形尺寸,運用Solid Works建立射流式泡沫發(fā)生器結(jié)構(gòu)模型,采用商業(yè)計算流體軟件FLUENT模擬其內(nèi)部氣液兩相流流場運動規(guī)律,并分析不同氣液比對其內(nèi)部氣相體積分布影響;結(jié)合擋板式泡沫發(fā)生器的擋板結(jié)構(gòu),在喉管前端設(shè)置一圓形凸臺擋板,研究不同擋板出口直徑對泡沫發(fā)生器內(nèi)部氣液兩相流流動規(guī)律及氣相分布影響。通過數(shù)值計算表明,基液流經(jīng)噴頭時,由于過流斷面逐漸減小,基液流速增大,靜壓降低;噴頭出口附近的氣體被高速射流卷走,在吸入室形成負壓,并逐漸形成上下對稱渦旋方向相反的渦流;氣液兩相經(jīng)過喉管時,有管壁剪切作用,氣液兩相互相滲入,作用力變大;泡沫發(fā)生器的擴散管橫截面面積逐漸增大,均勻的氣液兩相流在擴散管內(nèi)流速降低,壓力逐漸升高。隨著含氣量的增大,泡沫發(fā)生器內(nèi)氣相體積分數(shù)逐漸提高,且相同氣相體積分數(shù)所占的區(qū)域大小也隨含氣量的增大而增大;另外,隨著含氣量的增大,泡沫發(fā)生器出口處氣相體積分數(shù)逐漸升高,泡沫發(fā)生器的發(fā)泡效率有所改善。擋板可減小渦流影響范圍,抑制了喉管內(nèi)氣相在壓差作用下回流至吸入室的現(xiàn)象,使吸入室內(nèi)的氣相體積分數(shù)降低;而進入喉管內(nèi)的氣相與液相之間的動壓差減小,在喉管壁面剪切作用下,氣相與液相相互摻混區(qū)域縮小,可降低因相間擾動作用而迫使界面張力較高的氣泡破裂,使得喉管和擴散管內(nèi)的氣相體積分數(shù)增大,泡沫發(fā)生器的發(fā)泡效率得到提升。
[Abstract]:In this paper, a jet foam generator is used as a model, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, strong foaming ability and the ability to produce foam with different multiples according to the actual situation in the field. According to the shape size of jet foam generator in horizontal well of a certain oilfield, the structure model of jet foam generator is established by using solid works, and the movement law of gas-liquid two-phase flow field is simulated by commercial computational fluid software fluent. The influence of different ratio of gas to liquid on the volume distribution of gas phase is analyzed, and a circular bulkhead baffle is arranged at the front of the throat pipe in combination with the baffle structure of the baffle type foam generator. The effects of different baffle outlet diameters on gas-liquid two-phase flow and gas phase distribution in foam generator were studied. The numerical calculation shows that when the base liquid flows through the nozzle, the velocity of the base liquid increases and the static pressure decreases because the cross section decreases gradually, and the gas near the nozzle outlet is swept away by a high speed jet and forms a negative pressure in the suction chamber. The vortex with opposite direction of the upper and lower symmetric vortex is gradually formed. When the gas-liquid two-phase passes through the throat pipe, there is shear effect on the pipe wall, the gas-liquid two-phase infiltrates into each other, and the interaction force becomes larger, and the cross-section area of the diffusive tube of the foam generator increases gradually. The uniform gas-liquid two-phase flow velocity decreases and the pressure increases gradually in the diffusion tube. With the increase of gas content, the gas volume fraction in foam generator increases gradually, and the region occupied by the same gas volume fraction also increases with the increase of gas content, in addition, with the increase of gas content, The volume fraction of the gas phase at the exit of the foam generator increases gradually, and the foaming efficiency of the foam generator is improved. The baffle can reduce the influence range of eddy current, restrain the phenomenon that the gas phase reflux to the suction chamber under pressure difference, and decrease the volume fraction of the gas phase in the suction chamber, while the dynamic pressure difference between the gas phase and the liquid phase entering the pipe decreases. Under the shear of throat wall, the mixing region between gas phase and liquid phase is reduced, and the bubble with high interfacial tension is forced to break down due to phase disturbance, which increases the volume fraction of gas phase in the pipe and diffusion pipe. Foaming efficiency of foam generator is improved.
【學位授予單位】:東北石油大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:TE358.1
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