本文選題：致密砂巖凝析氣藏 + 啟動壓力��； 參考：《北京科技大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：擁有較大資源儲量的致密砂巖凝析氣藏,是非常規(guī)油氣藏的重要組成部分,相關研究也已經受到重視。目前,針對致密砂巖凝析氣藏研究的文獻報道還較少,該類氣藏由于存在相態(tài)變化,而且目前對該儲層中多相滲流機理的認識還不清楚,成為了該類氣藏高效開發(fā)的瓶頸。針對以上問題,本文選取吐哈油田兩個致密砂巖凝析氣藏為研究對象,擬以實驗為主要手段,結合理論分析,系統(tǒng)研究影響流體滲流的儲層滲透性傷害、應力敏感性、啟動壓力特征、多相滲流特征等關鍵問題,以期揭示儲層中油氣水多相復雜滲流規(guī)律,為致密砂巖凝析氣田的開發(fā)提供理論和實驗基礎。 本文從儲層巖性和微觀結構研究入手,通過滲流實驗進一步研究了致密砂巖凝析氣藏流體滲流對儲層滲透性的影響,從液鎖效應、井筒積液傷害和儲層敏感性三方面揭示了儲層滲透性的傷害機理。研究結果表明：儲層為灰色中-巨粗砂巖,孔隙為粒內溶蝕孔、剩余粒間孔及微裂縫,喉道極其細小,液鎖效應是由液相吸附作用引起的,液相過早析出和反凝析液污染近井儲層都會加劇液鎖效應。在儲層特性研究基礎上,通過自行設計實驗流程和方法分別開展了致密凝析氣儲層的啟動壓力實驗和氣液滲流特征研究,揭示了啟動壓力的產生機理,認為吸附邊界層是產生啟動壓力的內在原因,所設計的“非穩(wěn)態(tài)動用-壓力平衡法”測定啟動壓力,避免了以往方法測試誤差大的缺點,模擬真實氣藏所測得啟動壓力具有實際意義。將穩(wěn)態(tài)法相滲實驗引入到致密凝析氣藏的氣液滲流特征測試中,研究了兩相和三相相滲特征,全面揭示了該類儲層多相滲流規(guī)律。所測得兩相滲流曲線除包含共滲區(qū)外還存在氣和液的單相滲流區(qū),反映了真實氣藏變相態(tài)滲流全過程,避免了非穩(wěn)態(tài)法只能測得兩相共滲區(qū)的不足。油氣水三相滲流中油相、氣相的相對滲透率均是油氣水三相飽和度的函數,而水相的僅僅是其自身飽和度的函數。 在上述研究的基礎上,還開展了儲層真實巖心開采動態(tài)物理模擬實驗,認為所研究氣藏的采收率范圍中等。最后結合致密砂巖凝析氣儲層的特點,建立了致密砂巖凝析氣藏油氣水三相滲流數學模型和產能計算方法。從室內物理模擬提升到理論模型和產能的研究,并將產能計算方法模擬結果與現場產量進行對比,進一步表明了該計算方法的合理性,并且對于油田現場具有一定的指導意義。
[Abstract]:Dense sandstone condensate gas reservoir with large reserves is an important part of unconventional reservoir. At present, there are few reports on the study of condensate gas reservoirs in dense sandstone. Due to the existence of phase behavior changes and the unclear understanding of the mechanism of multiphase percolation in this reservoir, this kind of gas reservoir has become the bottleneck of the efficient development of this kind of gas reservoir. In view of the above problems, this paper selects two tight sandstone condensate gas reservoirs in Tuha Oilfield as the research object, taking the experiment as the main means, combining with the theoretical analysis, systematically studies the permeability damage and stress sensitivity of the reservoir that affect the fluid percolation. The key problems such as start-up pressure characteristics and multiphase percolation characteristics are discussed in order to reveal the complex percolation law of oil, gas and water in reservoir and to provide theoretical and experimental basis for the development of condensate gas field in tight sandstone. Based on the study of reservoir lithology and microstructure, the effect of fluid seepage on reservoir permeability in tight sandstone condensate gas reservoir is further studied by seepage experiments, and the effect of liquid lock on reservoir permeability is also discussed in this paper. The damage mechanism of reservoir permeability is revealed in three aspects: wellbore fluid damage and reservoir sensitivity. The results show that the reservoir is gray medium to giant coarse sandstone, the pore is inner dissolution pore, the remaining intergranular pore and micro fracture, the throat is extremely small, and the liquid lock effect is caused by liquid phase adsorption. Early precipitation of liquid phase and contamination of near-well reservoir by reverse condensate will aggravate liquid locking effect. Based on the study of reservoir characteristics, the start-up pressure experiments and gas-liquid percolation characteristics of dense condensate gas reservoirs are carried out by designing the experimental flow and method, respectively, and the mechanism of start-up pressure is revealed. It is considered that the adsorption boundary layer is the internal cause of starting pressure. The unsteady-state production-pressure balance method is designed to measure the starting pressure, which avoids the shortcoming of large error in the previous methods. It is of practical significance to simulate the start-up pressure measured by real gas reservoir. The steady-state phase permeability experiment is introduced into the gas-liquid percolation characteristic test of dense condensate gas reservoir. The two-phase and three-phase permeability characteristics are studied, and the multi-phase percolation law of this kind of reservoir is fully revealed. The measured two-phase percolation curve contains gas and liquid single phase percolation zone, which reflects the whole process of real gas reservoir percolation, and avoids the deficiency that the unsteady state method can only measure the two-phase percolation zone. The relative permeability of the oil phase and the gas phase is the function of the three phase saturation of oil, gas and water, while the water phase is only the function of its own saturation. On the basis of the above research, the dynamic physical simulation experiment of reservoir real core production is carried out, and it is considered that the range of recovery factor of the studied gas reservoir is middle. Finally, combined with the characteristics of tight sandstone condensate gas reservoir, the mathematical model and productivity calculation method of oil-gas-water three-phase percolation in tight sandstone condensate gas reservoir are established. From indoor physical simulation to theoretical model and productivity research, the simulation results of productivity calculation method and field production are compared, which further shows that the calculation method is reasonable and has certain guiding significance for oilfield field.
【學位授予單位】：北京科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE312

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本文編號：2065397