本文選題：旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床 + MDEA溶液��； 參考：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床是一種以離心力來模擬超重力環(huán)境,強(qiáng)化氣液傳質(zhì)和反應(yīng)等過程的新型高效的化工設(shè)備,在化工行業(yè)有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。目前,關(guān)于旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床強(qiáng)化吸收過程的研究較少,且多數(shù)集中在試驗(yàn)和應(yīng)用性研究,對旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi)氣液接觸、運(yùn)動以及變化規(guī)律方面的基礎(chǔ)理論研究還存在不足。 本文以旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi)天然氣醇胺法脫硫過程為研究對象,根據(jù)現(xiàn)場中試裝置結(jié)構(gòu),建立其二維和三維物理模型,借助CFD數(shù)值模擬技術(shù),對旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi)MDEA脫硫過程進(jìn)行分析和研究。首先,采用非結(jié)構(gòu)化網(wǎng)格剖分流體區(qū)域,選用"Realizable "k-ε模型,對氣、液相單相的三維流場進(jìn)行模擬,分析了氣相、液相速度場的分布,得到氣相、液相速度場分布和氣相壓降分布特點(diǎn)；其次,采用VOF模型和滑移網(wǎng)格模型,在建立的二維模型下對MDEA溶液的流動分布形態(tài)做了模擬,分析了轉(zhuǎn)速、入口速度、填料層厚度等對流動分布的影響；最后,借助DPM模型,對MDEA溶液在旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi)的運(yùn)動軌跡做了模擬,研究了轉(zhuǎn)速和入口速度對液滴運(yùn)動軌跡、液滴平均停留時間和液滴平均粒徑分布的影響。 研究表明：在旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi),氣液相存在徑向和切向速度分布,液相徑向速度主要受入口速度控制,轉(zhuǎn)速對其影響較小,而切向速度則相反。和傳統(tǒng)吸收塔相比,旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床的干床壓降較小,一般在幾百帕到幾千帕之間。干床壓降主要來自絲網(wǎng)填料區(qū),空腔區(qū)域壓降較小,且隨著入口速度和轉(zhuǎn)速的增加而增加。和傳統(tǒng)填料塔內(nèi)液膜形態(tài)不同,MDEA溶液在旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi)以孔流、液滴流和液膜流的形態(tài)流動。且隨著轉(zhuǎn)速的升高,液滴流的尺寸減小,氣液接觸表面積增大,有利于脫硫過程。通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),提高M(jìn)DEA溶液與絲網(wǎng)填料間的周向相對碰撞速度,可以改善MDEA溶液在旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi)分布的不均勻性,加強(qiáng)旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床對MDEA溶液的微粒化作用。在旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床中MDEA溶液的平均停留時間較短,一般數(shù)量級在1×10-2秒左右,可提高對H2S和CO2的選擇性,降低C02的共吸收率。同時,在靠近旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi)壁部分,液滴粒徑下降較快,當(dāng)達(dá)到一定值后,液滴粒徑下降減慢,粒徑總體呈減小趨勢。 因此,旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床是一個能強(qiáng)化傳質(zhì)過程的脫硫裝置,通過研究旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床內(nèi)MDEA脫硫過程,為旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床強(qiáng)化常規(guī)天然氣醇胺法脫硫過程的應(yīng)用以及旋轉(zhuǎn)填料床的工業(yè)設(shè)計提供一定理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Rotating packed bed is a new type of high efficient chemical equipment which simulates the hypergravity environment by centrifugal force and strengthens the gas-liquid mass transfer and reaction processes. It has a broad application prospect in the chemical industry. At present, there are few researches on the enhanced absorption process of rotating packed bed, and most of them are focused on experiments and application studies. The basic theoretical studies on gas-liquid contact, motion and variation in rotating packed bed are still insufficient. In this paper, the natural gas alcohol-amine desulfurization process in rotating packed bed is studied. According to the structure of the pilot plant in the field, the two-dimensional and three-dimensional physical models are established, and the CFD numerical simulation technique is used. The MDEA desulfurization process in rotating packed bed was analyzed and studied. Firstly, the unstructured grid is used to divide the fluid region, and the "realizable" k- 蔚 model is used to simulate the three-dimensional flow field of single phase of gas and liquid phase. The distribution of velocity field of gas phase and liquid phase is analyzed, and the gas phase is obtained. Secondly, using VOF model and slip grid model, the flow pattern of MDEA solution is simulated under the established two-dimensional model, and the rotational speed and inlet velocity are analyzed. Finally, with the help of DPM model, the motion trajectory of MDEA solution in rotating packed bed is simulated, and the effects of rotational speed and inlet velocity on droplet trajectory are studied. Effects of droplet mean residence time and droplet average particle size distribution. The results show that there are radial and tangential velocity distributions in the gas-liquid phase in the rotating packed bed. The radial velocity of the liquid phase is mainly controlled by the inlet velocity, and the rotational speed has little effect on it, but the tangential velocity is opposite. Compared with the traditional absorption column, the dry bed pressure drop of the rotating packed bed is smaller, ranging from several hundred Pa to several thousand Pa. The dry bed pressure drop mainly comes from the mesh packing area and the pressure drop in the cavity region is small and increases with the increase of inlet speed and rotational speed. Different from the traditional packing column, the liquid membrane shape of MDEA solution in rotating packed bed flows in the form of pore flow, droplet flow and liquid film flow. With the increase of rotational speed, the size of droplet flow decreases and the gas-liquid contact surface area increases, which is beneficial to the desulfurization process. It is found that the distribution of MDEA solution in rotating packed bed can be improved by increasing the circumferential relative collision velocity between MDEA solution and wire mesh filler, and the particle effect of rotating packed bed on MDEA solution can be enhanced. The average residence time of MDEA solution in rotating packed bed is shorter, and the order of magnitude is about 1 脳 10 ~ (-2) second, which can improve the selectivity of H _ 2S and CO _ 2 and decrease the common absorption rate of CO2. At the same time, near the inner wall of the rotating packed bed, the droplet size decreased rapidly, and when the value reached a certain value, the droplet size decreased, and the overall particle size showed a decreasing trend. Therefore, rotating packed bed is a desulphurization device which can enhance mass transfer process. The MDEA desulfurization process in rotating packed bed is studied. It provides a theoretical basis for the application of conventional natural gas alcohol-amine desulfurization process and the industrial design of rotating packed bed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE644

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