本文選題：氣舉采油 + 效率��； 參考：《長江大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：氣舉采油工藝是油井停噴后恢復生產(chǎn)的一種人工舉升辦法,是自噴生產(chǎn)的能量補充方式。氣舉采油適應能力強,廣泛應用于高氣油比油藏的生產(chǎn)開發(fā)。氣舉井生產(chǎn)效率對于油田的高效開發(fā)具有重要意義,氣舉井生產(chǎn)效率取決于氣舉井的故障分析及排除,因此氣舉井的工況診斷與故障處理研究具有重要意義。氣舉井在生產(chǎn)過程中,因為含水率上升,油井供液能力變差、注氣壓力波動以及多相流流型變換,導致設計注氣點改變,甚至出現(xiàn)油套串通,井下氣舉閥啟閉異常、井口油嘴限制油井產(chǎn)能的情況。氣舉井生產(chǎn)時最關鍵是確定出注氣點位置,指導并調整油井工作制度達到高效開發(fā)氣舉油田的目的。生產(chǎn)壓力資料是定量分析氣舉井工況的重要參數(shù),包括有地面的油管壓力、套管壓力,沿井筒的生產(chǎn)油壓線、注氣壓力線、氣舉井井底流動壓力以及各級閥氣舉閥打開關閉壓力等布閥設計壓力參數(shù)。結合生產(chǎn)壓力資料和布閥壓力參數(shù),運用氣舉理論知識可以對氣舉井上況作出分析診斷。本文首先總結和學習國內外學者對氣舉井工況的定性、定量診斷分析方式方法,在掌握了氣舉工況診斷的定性分析方法后,重點研究了氣舉井工況診斷定量分析方法。數(shù)學計算模擬診斷模型是定量分析氣舉井工況的基本方法,其基本理論是建立油管生產(chǎn)壓力模型、套管注氣壓力模型和井下溫度模型,根據(jù)井下布閥參數(shù),如各級閥的尺寸、調試打開壓力和關閉壓力,判斷氣舉閥的開啟和關閉狀態(tài),然后計算氣舉閥各級通氣量。針對氣舉井工況診斷的復雜性和不確定性,本文從國外學者的研究思路出發(fā),為氣舉工況診斷引入了模糊邏輯的概念,利用模糊控制系統(tǒng)能夠對復雜數(shù)學模型問題取得較為滿意結果的特點,結合模糊數(shù)學理論和氣舉專業(yè)知識經(jīng)驗,建立了一套模糊邏輯氣舉診斷模型,用以確定生產(chǎn)井進氣閥位置。本文研究的主要內容有：1)數(shù)學計算模擬診斷模型以及模糊邏輯氣舉診斷模型的關鍵是多相管流壓力和溫度的計算,通過對國內外相關資料的調研,收集目前流行的多相管流壓力溫度計算方法,其中包括計算直井、斜井的壓力模型,經(jīng)驗和半經(jīng)驗的多相流溫度計算方法,并且對不同多相管流模型適應性進行了研究。2)通過氣舉工況數(shù)學模擬診斷基本模型的研究,改進了基本模型,提出了多點注氣和產(chǎn)液量未知兩種情況的計算模擬模型擴大其適應性。通過國內某油田氣舉實例井的案例驗證該模型可行。3)引入模糊邏輯理論,結合現(xiàn)場氣舉知識和經(jīng)驗,創(chuàng)新性地建立了氣舉井工況診斷的模糊控制系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)通過關鍵對象參數(shù)的模糊化,模糊處理和去模糊化三個步驟確定出當前生產(chǎn)下最可能的進氣點位置。通過國內某油田氣舉井實例驗證該模型可行。4)對氣舉井井下氣舉閥不同進氣情況進行原因分析,對氣舉井常見故障原因產(chǎn)生和處理辦法進行了總結,可以有效指導現(xiàn)場作業(yè)。
[Abstract]:The gas lift production process is an artificial lifting method for the recovery of production after the oil well is stopped. It is an energy supplement for the production of self injection. The gas lift production is widely used in the production and development of high gas oil ratio reservoir. The production efficiency of the gas lift well is of great significance for the efficient development of the oil field, and the production efficiency of the gas lift well depends on the gas lift well. It is of great significance to analyze and eliminate the fault in the gas lift well. In the production process of the gas lift well, because of the rising water content, the poor water supply capacity, the fluctuation of gas injection pressure and the multiphase flow pattern transformation, the design of gas injection point changes, even the oil sleeve is colluded, and the well gas lift valve is open and closed, well, well, well, well, well, well, well, well The mouth oil nozzle limits the productivity of oil wells. The key to the production of the gas lift is to determine the position of the gas injection point, guide and adjust the oil well working system to achieve the purpose of the efficient development of the gas lift oil field. The production pressure data is an important parameter for quantitative analysis of the working conditions of the gas lift well, including the oil pipe pressure on the ground, the casing pressure, and the production pressure along the shaft. The design pressure parameters such as line, gas injection pressure line, flow pressure at the bottom of gas lift well and the opening pressure of valve gas lift valve at all levels are designed. Combined with the production pressure data and the pressure parameters of the valve, the gas lift theory can be used to make an analysis and diagnosis on the condition of the gas lift well. This paper first summarizes and studies the qualitative analysis of the gas lift well conditions at home and abroad. The quantitative diagnosis analysis method, after mastering the qualitative analysis method of the gas lift condition diagnosis, focuses on the quantitative analysis method of the gas lift well condition diagnosis. The mathematical simulation diagnosis model is the basic method for quantitative analysis of the gas lift well condition, and its basic theory is to establish the pressure model of the oil pipe production, the casing injection pressure model and the well. In the lower temperature model, according to the parameters of the downhole cloth valve, such as the size of the valve at all levels, adjusting the opening and closing pressure, judging the opening and closing state of the gas lift valve, and then calculating the ventilation volume at all levels of the air lift valve. In view of the complexity and uncertainty of the gas lift well condition diagnosis, this paper, starting from the research idea of the foreign scholars, introduces the diagnosis of the gas lift operation. The concept of fuzzy logic is used to make use of fuzzy control system to obtain more satisfactory results for complex mathematical model problems. A set of fuzzy logic gas lift diagnosis model is established to determine the intake valve position of production wells by combining fuzzy mathematical theory and the knowledge experience of gas lift. The main contents of this paper are: 1) mathematical calculation The key of the simulation diagnosis model and the fuzzy logic gas lift diagnosis model is the calculation of the pressure and temperature of the multiphase pipe flow. Through the investigation of the relevant data at home and abroad, the current popular method of calculating the pressure and temperature of the multiphase pipe flow is collected, including the calculation of the vertical well, the pressure model of the inclined shaft, the experience and the semi empirical multiphase flow temperature calculation method. And the adaptability of different multiphase flow model is studied in.2) the basic model is studied through the mathematical simulation of gas lift condition. The basic model is improved and the simulation model of two cases of multi point gas injection and liquid production is proposed to expand its adaptability. It is proved that the model is feasible by the case of an oil field example well in an oil field in China. Introducing the fuzzy logic theory and combining the field gas lift knowledge and experience, the fuzzy control system of the gas lift well condition diagnosis is set up innovatively. The system determines the most possible position of the intake point in the current production through three steps: the fuzzification of the parameters of the key objects, the fuzzy processing and the defuzzification, and through the example of a domestic oil field gas lift well. This model is proved to be feasible.4) to analyze the causes of different intake air lift valves in the gas lift well, and summarize the common causes and treatment methods of the gas lift wells, which can effectively guide the field operation.
【學位授予單位】：長江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE355.3

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本文編號：2019852