本文選題：石油井架 + 靜/動力特性�。� 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石油井架是石油勘探與開采過程中必不可少的設(shè)備之一,其上懸掛游車、大鉤、二層臺以及其它專業(yè)工具,其安全性關(guān)系到整個油田的安全生產(chǎn)。對石油井架進行靜/動力靈敏度分析,可以為石油井架的維修、檢測和安全評價提供理論依據(jù)和切實可行的辦法,也可以為石油井架狀態(tài)的實時檢測提供基礎(chǔ),避免井架安全事故的發(fā)生。本文介紹了結(jié)構(gòu)靈敏度分析理論以及基于ANSYS軟件的靈敏度分析方法;針對石油井架上存在的不同的損傷缺陷,對其進行了合理化等效處理;以JJ220/42-K型井架為例,分析了其靜/動力對井架的損傷缺陷的靈敏度;依據(jù)靈敏度分析結(jié)果,對石油井架上存在整體損傷時應(yīng)力應(yīng)變傳感器、頻率、振型傳感器的布置進行了優(yōu)化。首先,介紹了結(jié)構(gòu)的絕對靈敏度和相對靈敏度的計算方法,總結(jié)了基于ANSYS優(yōu)化設(shè)計的靈敏度分析主要步驟,并對ANSYS優(yōu)化設(shè)計中的一階優(yōu)化算法進行了介紹。建立了JJ220/42-K型石油井架的有限元模型。對石油井架上存在的一些整體損傷缺陷(整體彎曲、載荷偏心和基座沉降)和局部損傷缺陷(腐蝕、桿件初彎曲和節(jié)點剛性降低)合理化等效為設(shè)計變量的變化。然后,對JJ220/42-K型石油井架的靜/動力靈敏度進行了分析。分析了JJ220/42-K型石油井架實驗室模型的位移、應(yīng)力、頻率以及振型位移對井架上存在的整體損傷缺陷(整體正弦初彎曲、載荷偏心和基座沉降)和局部損傷缺陷(桿件腐蝕、桿件初彎曲和節(jié)點剛性降低)的絕對靈敏度和相對靈敏度,得到了對石油井架靜/動力特性影響最大的損傷缺陷類型。最后,論述了石油井架現(xiàn)場傳統(tǒng)傳感器優(yōu)化布置方法,并基于靈敏度分析對石油井架進行了傳感器優(yōu)化布置。根據(jù)JJ220/42-K型石油井架靜/動力特性對損傷缺陷的絕對和相對靈敏度分析結(jié)果,對石油井架上存在整體損傷缺陷時的應(yīng)力和加速度傳感器的布置進行了優(yōu)化。當(dāng)石油井架上存在的整體損傷缺陷為整體正弦初彎曲、基座沉降時,提出了應(yīng)力應(yīng)變傳感器和振型加速度傳感器的優(yōu)化布置方案。
[Abstract]:Petroleum Derrick is one of the necessary equipment in the process of petroleum exploration and exploitation. Its safety is related to the safety of the whole oilfield. The static / dynamic sensitivity analysis of the oil Derrick can provide a theoretical basis and a practical method for the maintenance, detection and safety evaluation of the oil Derrick, as well as the basis for real-time detection of the state of the oil Derrick. Avoid Derrick safety accidents. In this paper, the theory of structural sensitivity analysis and the sensitivity analysis method based on ANSYS software are introduced, and the reasonable equivalent treatment for different damage defects on oil Derrick is given. Taking JJ220/42-K Derrick as an example, the structure sensitivity analysis theory and the sensitivity analysis method based on ANSYS software are introduced in this paper. The sensitivity of the static / dynamic damage defect to the Derrick is analyzed, and according to the sensitivity analysis results, the stress-strain sensor, frequency and mode sensor arrangement of the oil Derrick with integral damage are optimized. Firstly, the calculation methods of absolute sensitivity and relative sensitivity of structure are introduced, the main steps of sensitivity analysis based on ANSYS optimization design are summarized, and the first-order optimization algorithm in ANSYS optimization design is introduced. The finite element model of JJ220/42-K oil Derrick is established. Some integral damage defects (global bending, load eccentricity and base settlement) and local damage defects (corrosion, initial bending of members and reduction of joint rigidity) on oil Derrick are rationalized as changes of design variables. Then, the static / dynamic sensitivity of JJ220/42-K oil Derrick is analyzed. The displacements, stresses, frequencies and modal displacements of the laboratory model of JJ220/42-K oil Derrick are analyzed. The overall damage defects (global sinusoidal initial bending, load eccentricity and base settlement) and local damage defects (member corrosion) on the Derrick are analyzed. The absolute sensitivity and relative sensitivity of the initial bending of the rod and the reduction of the rigidity of the joints are used to obtain the types of damage defects which have the greatest influence on the static / dynamic characteristics of the oil Derrick. Finally, the optimization method of traditional sensors in oil Derrick field is discussed, and the sensor optimal arrangement of oil Derrick is carried out based on sensitivity analysis. According to the absolute and relative sensitivity analysis results of the static / dynamic characteristics of the JJ220/42-K oil Derrick, the stress and acceleration sensor arrangement of the oil Derrick with integral damage defect is optimized. When the whole damage defect on the oil Derrick is sinusoidal initial bending and base settlement, the optimal arrangement of stress-strain sensor and vibration acceleration sensor is proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE923

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本文編號：1933286