本文選題：切流式 + 氣液分離��； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：煤層氣是一種非常規(guī)天然氣,以吸附狀態(tài)儲(chǔ)存于煤系地層中,煤層氣一般采用油管排水,套管采氣的方式進(jìn)行開采,在開采過程中不可避免混入一部分液體雜質(zhì),這部分液體雜質(zhì)在輸送過程中會(huì)對(duì)后續(xù)管路和設(shè)備造成腐蝕和堵塞,所以必須予以除去。本文在總結(jié)前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)煤層氣地面開采生產(chǎn)實(shí)際需求開發(fā)高效氣液旋流分離設(shè)備——切流式回流型旋風(fēng)管。氣液混合物進(jìn)入該分離器經(jīng)導(dǎo)向葉片產(chǎn)生高速旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng),由于氣體和液體的密度不同,液滴受到的離心力大而向分離器壁面移動(dòng),最終到達(dá)壁面并進(jìn)入排液結(jié)構(gòu),潔凈氣體從設(shè)置在分離器中心的排氣管排出。本設(shè)備利用旋流器特有的流場(chǎng)特點(diǎn),增設(shè)了回流管,將一部分進(jìn)入排液部位的氣體引回旋風(fēng)中心低壓區(qū),進(jìn)入主分離區(qū)繼續(xù)參與分離過程,最終和主氣流一起經(jīng)排氣管排出,完成氣液分離過程。回流管一方面使排液腔內(nèi)的氣流流動(dòng)起來,有利于排液過程的進(jìn)行,另一方面回流消除了旋流中心低壓造成的返流現(xiàn)象,能夠提高分離器分離效率和抗流量波動(dòng)能力。本文利用Fluent軟件,結(jié)合雷諾應(yīng)力模型(RSM)和DPM離散相模型對(duì)旋流器內(nèi)部流場(chǎng)以及顆粒的運(yùn)動(dòng)情況進(jìn)行了模擬。通過改變旋風(fēng)管的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和操作參數(shù)來研究這些參數(shù)對(duì)設(shè)備性能的影響,為分離器的設(shè)計(jì)和優(yōu)化提供指導(dǎo)。本文加工了實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī),設(shè)計(jì)了實(shí)驗(yàn)流程并且搭建了實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)。實(shí)驗(yàn)通過調(diào)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)和操作參數(shù)來測(cè)試旋風(fēng)管在不同條件下的壓降性能和分離性能,并與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行對(duì)比,驗(yàn)證了本文開發(fā)的切流式回流型旋風(fēng)管性能。為了對(duì)比驗(yàn)證新型旋風(fēng)管的性能,本文在前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了傳統(tǒng)三維導(dǎo)葉式旋風(fēng)管,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比研究。經(jīng)過數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)得出,本文設(shè)計(jì)的新型旋風(fēng)管在非常寬的流量范圍內(nèi)綜合分離效率達(dá)到95%以上,能夠有效去除5gm以上顆粒。回流管大大提高了設(shè)備的分離能力和抗流量波動(dòng)能力,同時(shí)降低了設(shè)備壓降；葉片高度越低,設(shè)備內(nèi)部切向速度越高,分離效率越高,但抗流量波動(dòng)能力會(huì)降低；本設(shè)備相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)三維導(dǎo)葉式旋風(fēng)管,分離效率有較大提高；主分離段長(zhǎng)度不宜過長(zhǎng),否則容易導(dǎo)致分離下來的液滴返混；環(huán)隙排液適用于流量長(zhǎng)期低于設(shè)計(jì)流量的工況,而筒壁開側(cè)縫排液適用于流量長(zhǎng)期高于設(shè)計(jì)流量的工況,兩種排液方式的旋風(fēng)管均有較寬的流量范圍。綜合數(shù)值模擬和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,本文設(shè)計(jì)的新型切流式旋流分離器具有高效低阻,抗流量波動(dòng)能力強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn),基本滿足煤層氣氣液分離的需求。
[Abstract]:Coal bed methane is a kind of unconventional natural gas, which is stored in the coal measure strata in the state of adsorption. The coal bed methane is usually exploited by using tubing drainage and casing gas production, and a part of liquid impurity is inevitably mixed in in the process of exploitation. This liquid impurity can cause corrosion and blockage of subsequent pipelines and equipment during transportation, so it must be removed. In this paper, based on the previous studies, a high efficiency gas-liquid swirl separation equipment, tangent flow reflux cyclone tube, is developed to meet the actual demand of coal bed methane production. The gas-liquid mixture enters the separator and produces high-speed rotating motion through the guide blade. Because of the different density of gas and liquid, the liquid droplets are moved to the wall of the separator because of the large centrifugal force, and finally reach the wall and enter the drainage structure. The clean gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe located in the center of the separator. This equipment utilizes the characteristic flow field characteristic of the cyclone, has added the backflow tube, draws a part of the gas which enters the liquid discharge position back to the cyclone center low pressure area, enters the main separation area to continue to participate in the separation process, finally and the main airflow together through the exhaust pipe discharge, Complete the gas-liquid separation process. On the one hand, the reflux tube causes the flow of air in the cavity, which is propitious to the discharge process, on the other hand, the reflux eliminates the phenomenon of regurgitation caused by the low pressure in the swirl center, which can improve the separation efficiency of the separator and the ability of resisting the flow fluctuation. In this paper, the flow field and particle motion in hydrocyclone are simulated by using Fluent software, combined with Reynolds stress model (RSM) and DPM discrete phase model. The influence of these parameters on the performance of the equipment is studied by changing the structure parameters and operating parameters of the cyclone tube, which provides guidance for the design and optimization of the separator. In this paper, the experimental prototype is machined, the experimental flow is designed and the experimental platform is built. The pressure drop performance and separation performance of the cyclone tube under different conditions were measured by adjusting the structure parameters and operating parameters. The experimental results were compared with the numerical simulation results to verify the performance of the tangential reflux cyclone tube developed in this paper. In order to compare and verify the performance of the new cyclone tube, this paper designs the traditional three dimensional guide vane cyclone tube based on the previous research results, and carries on the numerical simulation and the experimental contrast research to it. Numerical simulation and experiments show that the new cyclone tube designed in this paper has a comprehensive separation efficiency of more than 95% in a very wide flow range, which can effectively remove the particles above 5gm. The reflux tube greatly improves the separation ability and anti-flow fluctuation ability of the equipment, and reduces the pressure drop of the equipment; the lower the blade height, the higher the tangential speed and the higher the separation efficiency, but the lower the anti-flow fluctuation ability is, the lower the blade height is, the higher the internal tangential speed is, and the higher the separation efficiency is. Compared with the traditional three dimensional guide vane cyclone tube, the separation efficiency of this equipment is greatly improved; the length of the main separation section should not be too long, otherwise, it is easy to cause the separation of droplets back mixing; the annular clearance discharge is suitable for the condition that the flow rate is lower than the designed flow rate for a long time. However, the open-side slit of cylinder wall is suitable for the condition that the flow rate is higher than the designed flow rate for a long time, and the cyclone tubes with two kinds of discharge modes have a wide flow range. Based on the numerical simulation and experimental results, a new tangential swirl separator designed in this paper has the characteristics of high efficiency and low resistance and strong resistance to flow fluctuation, which basically meets the needs of coal-bed gas-liquid separation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE93

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本文編號(hào)：1825904