本文選題：腐蝕速率 + 硬垢　； 參考：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,國內大部分油田進入開采中后期,油田采出液含水量越來越高。隨著三元復合驅技術的開展,油田采出水水質復雜多變,水中礦化度高,含有大量腐蝕性無機離子、成垢離子和一些能造成腐蝕的溶解性氣體,給集輸系統(tǒng)帶來了嚴重的腐蝕結垢問題。本文模擬現(xiàn)場采出水水質進行集輸管線鋼腐蝕結垢實驗,研究了采出水腐蝕結垢機制和各因素對腐蝕結垢規(guī)律影響。 首先,采用動靜態(tài)失重法測試不同因素影響下X65動、靜態(tài)腐蝕速率：溫度(30-70。C)影響下,動態(tài)腐蝕速率大于靜態(tài)腐蝕速率,動態(tài)腐蝕速率在50。C時達到最大值,靜態(tài)腐蝕速率在60℃時達到最大值；礦化度(6170～30850mg/L)影響下,動態(tài)腐蝕速在24680mg/L時達到最小值,靜態(tài)腐蝕速率在18510mg/L時達到最大值；隨HPAM濃度(0～2500mg/L)增加,靜態(tài)腐蝕速率下降,HPAM濃度為1000mg/L時,對動態(tài)腐蝕抑制作用最強；隨pH值(8-12)的增大,靜態(tài)腐蝕速率呈下降趨勢；隨流速(0～1m/s)增大,動態(tài)腐蝕速率不斷增大。然后,采用EDTA滴定法測試動態(tài)下各因素對采出水結垢規(guī)律影響：隨溫度(30～80℃)升高,Ca2+濃度逐漸降低,Mg2+濃度波動較大；隨流速(0.2～0.85m/s)增大,Ca2+濃度先減小后增大,最后變化趨于平緩,Mg2+濃度呈下降趨勢；隨pH值增大,鈣、鎂離子濃度都減��；隨HPAM濃度(0～2500mg/L)的增大,Ca2+濃度先增后減,Mg2+濃度變化不大。結合EDTA滴定法和軟硬垢測試法,測試靜態(tài)下各因素對采出水結垢規(guī)律影響：隨溫度(40-80℃)升高、pH值(7-12)增大,鈣鎂離子濃度降低,結垢量增多；隨著HPAM濃度(0-2500mg/L)增加,含聚溶液結垢量較未加入HPAM溶液結垢量少,當HPAM濃度為1500mg/L時,HPAM對結垢過程抑制作用最大；隨時問的增長,含聚溶液總垢量先增后減再升高。 最后,對不同時間反應后的X65試樣產物膜進行SEM和XRD分析。分析得到：反應2h的試樣表面產物呈針狀,針尖處長有觸須；反應4h后,觸須長大、數(shù)量增多,逐漸向針狀物中部生長；8h時,觸須越來越多,并長大呈團,逐漸覆蓋了針狀物。前2h反應體系主要以腐蝕電化學反應為主,腐蝕結垢產物是Fe3O4、Fe(OH)2和微量CaCO3,4h后出現(xiàn)氧化鐵,碳酸鈣結垢逐漸增多；8h后CaCO3、Fe2O3、Fe(OH)2含量不斷增多。對反應8h后X65試樣腐蝕結垢膜層進行能譜分析,試樣腐蝕結垢層大致可分為三層：氧化層、中間層和結垢層。對X65試樣腐蝕結垢膜層形成過程進行試驗分析得到：試樣腐蝕結垢膜形成過程大致分為三個階段,第一階段為金屬基體表面氧化膜生成階段,第二階段為金屬基體表面產物層迅速成長期,第三階段為腐蝕結垢層的穩(wěn)定期。
[Abstract]:At present, the water content of produced fluid is higher and higher in most oil fields in China. With the development of ASP flooding technology, the produced water quality is complex and changeable, the water salinity is high, and it contains a lot of corrosive inorganic ions, scaling ions and some dissolved gases that can cause corrosion. It brings serious corrosion and scaling problem to the gathering and transportation system. In this paper, the corrosion scaling experiment of gathering pipeline steel was carried out by simulating the water quality of produced water. The corrosion and scaling mechanism and the influence of various factors on corrosion and scaling law were studied. Firstly, the dynamic and static corrosion rate of X65 under the influence of different factors: temperature 30-70. C), the dynamic corrosion rate is larger than the static corrosion rate, and the dynamic corrosion rate reaches the maximum at 50.C. The static corrosion rate reached the maximum at 60 鈩，

本文編號：1800290