本文選題：加熱爐　切入點(diǎn)：熱效率　出處：《東北石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：加熱爐煙氣含氧量的大小是衡量一臺(tái)加熱爐燃燒好壞的重要參數(shù)之一,它直接影響到加熱爐效率的高低、能源消耗的多少。加熱爐煙氣含氧量增加,說(shuō)明進(jìn)入爐內(nèi)的過(guò)�？諝舛�。在排煙中,大量的過(guò)�？諝鈱崃繋ё吲湃氪髿�,使加熱爐熱損失增多,熱效率下降。加熱爐燃燒過(guò)程中,由于燃料的構(gòu)成及熱負(fù)荷隨季節(jié)的變化較大,加熱爐燃燒所需空氣量也相應(yīng)發(fā)生變化,進(jìn)而影響到加熱爐煙氣含氧量及過(guò)剩空氣系數(shù)的變化,這一變化對(duì)對(duì)加熱爐排煙熱損失、化學(xué)不完全燃燒熱損失和熱效率都有很大的影響。燃燒器燃燒過(guò)程中調(diào)節(jié)負(fù)荷的被控制參量主要是燃?xì)饬髁亢椭伎諝饬髁?空氣流量系數(shù)過(guò)大,將會(huì)引起火焰溫度降低,熱損失增加,并且造成爐膛和加熱管的氧化燒損;空氣流量系數(shù)過(guò)小,則會(huì)導(dǎo)致燃料不完全燃燒,達(dá)不到燃燒的工藝要求,同時(shí)煙氣中殘留大量的可燃?xì)夂鸵谎趸?不但造成廢氣化學(xué)熱損失,浪費(fèi)能源,還會(huì)嚴(yán)重污染環(huán)境、腐蝕設(shè)備,若煙氣不能及時(shí)排除,還存在爆炸的安全隱患。因此,空氣和燃?xì)庠谌紵龝r(shí)的比例控制是整個(gè)燃燒過(guò)程控制的核心。研究利用監(jiān)測(cè)裝置對(duì)煙氣中的含氧量進(jìn)行連續(xù)、準(zhǔn)確、穩(wěn)定的測(cè)定,并根據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),在熱負(fù)荷變動(dòng)的動(dòng)態(tài)過(guò)程中利用改造后的燃燒器控制裝置實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)空氣與燃料的動(dòng)態(tài)配比進(jìn)行自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)和優(yōu)化控制,達(dá)到將煙氣中的含氧量控制在最佳范圍內(nèi),從而有效提高加熱爐熱效率的目的。論文選擇管道輸油處GS站2#加熱爐進(jìn)行改造。管道輸油處目前共有管式加熱爐8臺(tái),承擔(dān)著為管輸原油加熱的任務(wù)。由于A油田原油凝點(diǎn)高,原油輸送站間距較長(zhǎng),加熱爐的輸油生產(chǎn)中起著非常重要的作用。課題在完成前期資料準(zhǔn)備、技術(shù)論證,相關(guān)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)和相關(guān)裝置加工制造工作、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝調(diào)試后,在管道輸油處GS站2#加熱爐實(shí)施并投入運(yùn)行,經(jīng)過(guò)近半年的運(yùn)行,改造后的燃燒器及相關(guān)監(jiān)測(cè)、控制系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行正常、穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:The oxygen content of flue gas is one of the important parameters to measure the combustion of a heating furnace. It directly affects the efficiency of the furnace, the amount of energy consumption, and the increase of oxygen content in the flue gas of the heating furnace. It shows that there is much excess air entering the furnace. In the exhaust smoke, a large amount of excess air takes the heat away into the atmosphere and causes the heat loss of the furnace to increase and the heat efficiency to decrease. Because the composition of fuel and heat load vary greatly with the season, the amount of air needed for combustion of reheating furnace changes accordingly, which affects the change of oxygen content of flue gas and excess air coefficient of reheating furnace, which will affect the heat loss of exhaust smoke of reheating furnace. The heat loss and thermal efficiency of chemical incomplete combustion are greatly affected. The controlled parameters of the controlled load in the combustion process are mainly the gas flow rate and the combustion air flow rate. If the air flow coefficient is too large, the flame temperature will decrease. Increased heat loss and oxidative burning of furnace and heating tubes; if the air flow coefficient is too small, it will lead to incomplete combustion of fuel, which will not meet the requirements of the combustion process, and at the same time, a large amount of gas and carbon monoxide will remain in the flue gas, It will not only cause chemical heat loss of exhaust gas, waste energy, but also seriously pollute the environment and corrode equipment. If the smoke can not be removed in time, there will be a hidden danger of explosion. The proportional control of air and gas during combustion is the core of the control of the whole combustion process. This paper studies the continuous, accurate and stable determination of oxygen content in flue gas by using the monitoring device, and according to the monitoring data, In the dynamic process of heat load change, the modified burner control device is used to realize the automatic adjustment and optimization control of the dynamic ratio of air to fuel, so that the oxygen content in the flue gas can be controlled within the optimum range. In order to improve the thermal efficiency of heating furnace effectively, the paper chooses GS station of pipeline oil transportation to rebuild heating furnace at 2#. At present, there are 8 tubular reheating furnaces in pipeline oil pipeline. Taking on the task of heating crude oil for pipeline transportation. Due to the high condensing point of crude oil in oilfield A and the long distance between crude oil transportation stations, the heating furnace plays a very important role in oil transportation production. The related software development and the related equipment processing and manufacturing work, the spot installs the debugging, implements and puts into operation in the pipeline oil transportation place GS station 2# heating furnace, after nearly half a year operation, after the revamping burner and the related monitoring, the control system runs normally. Stability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TE97

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 付鈺;張劍;;提高常減壓蒸餾裝置加熱爐熱效率的技術(shù)改造措施[J];石化技術(shù)與應(yīng)用;2012年04期

2 劉冬梅;;提高煉油企業(yè)加熱爐熱效率的節(jié)能技術(shù)建議[J];科技與企業(yè);2012年21期

3 涂作威,錢(qián)伯章;改造加熱爐以提高熱效率[J];化學(xué)世界;1980年02期

4 李建;何鍵;;煉廠加熱爐熱效率的在線自動(dòng)測(cè)量與控制[J];煉油化工自動(dòng)化;1990年01期

5 孔德峰;;提高加熱爐熱效率控制技術(shù)[J];新疆石油科技;1992年03期

6 王海峰;李明;韓永青;周彩榮;;影響蠟油加氫加熱爐熱效率的因素分析及節(jié)能措施[J];鄭州大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(工學(xué)版);2013年05期

，

本文編號(hào)：1682307