本文選題：計(jì)算流體力學(xué)(CFD)　切入點(diǎn)：過濾　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：采用井下管濾網(wǎng)(過濾器)的過濾過程不僅將對(duì)被過濾液體的質(zhì)量有極大影響,還能夠延長(zhǎng)井下工具,泵和井的使用年限。開槽過濾器作為高效低價(jià)的原油抽取工具,現(xiàn)在被廣泛應(yīng)用于油田中。開槽過濾器的使用效果受其結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的影響極大,比如,開槽形狀、尺寸寬度和開槽個(gè)數(shù)。同時(shí),固體顆粒的形狀和大小等參數(shù)和其在過濾流中的分布對(duì)過濾效果也有影響。本文的主要目的是研究在安裝了帶有積累室的過濾器內(nèi)部的流動(dòng)特性,以及重力作用下固體粒子的行為和分布。這項(xiàng)研究是井用過濾器和其他井下工具穩(wěn)妥設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。本文計(jì)算了帶有積累室的開槽過濾器的幾何特性并且給出了其在井中安裝的簡(jiǎn)圖�；谂ｎD運(yùn)動(dòng)定律,建立了過濾流中固體粒子所受外力的數(shù)學(xué)描述并分析了流動(dòng)中粒子運(yùn)動(dòng)的三種情形。在實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)定條件下測(cè)試一個(gè)開槽過濾器,采用高速攝像相機(jī)對(duì)流動(dòng)特性進(jìn)行可視化研究。利用PIV技術(shù)計(jì)算固體流速向量場(chǎng)。建立了裝有開槽過濾器的幾何模型、利用Gambit 2.2劃分網(wǎng)格并用ANSYS FLUENT 13.0軟件進(jìn)行仿真。在CFD仿真中選擇一個(gè)兩相歐拉模型并且針對(duì)各相建立了一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)k-e模型。研究被測(cè)橫截面的在穩(wěn)定和不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)時(shí)的固體向量速度場(chǎng)和固體體積分?jǐn)?shù)。仿真和試驗(yàn)研究表明。帶有積累室的開槽過濾器的性能由出口區(qū)域的固體體積分?jǐn)?shù)決定。被過濾液體中的固體體積分?jǐn)?shù)由入口流速的大小決定。不同入口流速下,在積累室中固體體積分?jǐn)?shù)的積累證實(shí)了積累室可以在開槽過濾器中起到附加過濾的功能。這種現(xiàn)象由作用在固體粒子上的重力產(chǎn)生。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和CFD仿真結(jié)果之間具有很好地一致性。然而,由于CFD和PIV過程的誤差,兩個(gè)結(jié)果之間尚有一些細(xì)微的不同。本文給出了帶有積累室的開槽過濾器的井的流動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)以及重力場(chǎng)下的固體粒子的行為與分布的理解。另外,本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)即使開槽寬度大于(3倍以上)固體粒子的大小,開槽過濾器仍然可以有效工作。本文為高效井下過濾器的設(shè)計(jì)提出了理論依據(jù)。本文的研究的結(jié)果能夠被運(yùn)用在許多行業(yè)中,比如石油和水的生產(chǎn),凈化水等等。
[Abstract]:The process of using downhole tube filter (filter) will not only have a great impact on the quality of the filtered liquid, but also prolong the service life of downhole tools, pumps and wells. Slotted filters are now widely used in oil fields. The use of slotted filters is greatly affected by their structural parameters, such as slot shape, size, width, and number of slots. The shape and size of solid particles and their distribution in the filtration flow also affect the filtration effect. The main purpose of this paper is to study the flow characteristics inside the filter with an accumulation chamber. And the behavior and distribution of solid particles under gravity. This study is the basis for the safe design of well filters and other downhole tools. In this paper, the geometric characteristics of slotted filters with accumulators are calculated and given. Schematic diagrams for installation in wells. Based on Newton's laws of motion, The mathematical description of the external force of solid particles in the filter flow is established and three cases of particle motion in the flow are analyzed. A slotted filter is tested under the experimental conditions. The flow characteristics are visualized by high speed camera. The solid velocity vector field is calculated by using PIV technology. The geometric model with slotted filter is established. Gambit 2.2 was used to mesh and ANSYS FLUENT 13.0 software was used to simulate. In the CFD simulation, a two-phase Euler model was selected and a standard k-e model was established for each phase. The stable and unstable states of the cross-section were studied. Simulation and experimental studies show that the performance of slotted filters with accumulation chambers is determined by the solid volume fraction in the outlet region. The solid volume fraction in the filtered liquid is determined by the input of the solid volume fraction in the filtered liquid. The size of the velocity of the mouth is determined. At different inlet velocities, The accumulation of solid volume fraction in the accumulation chamber proves that the accumulation chamber can act as an additional filter in the slotted filter. This phenomenon is caused by the gravity acting on the solid particle. With good consistency. However, Due to the errors in the CFD and PIV processes, there are some slight differences between the two results. The flow structure of the well with a slotted filter with an accumulation chamber and the understanding of the behavior and distribution of solid particles in the gravity field are given in this paper. It was also found that even though the slotted width is more than three times larger than the width of the slotted, the size of the solid particles, Slotted filters can still work effectively. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the design of high efficiency downhole filters. The results of this paper can be used in many industries, such as oil and water production, water purification and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE93
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本文編號(hào)：1608799