本文選題：含硫儲(chǔ)油罐　切入點(diǎn)：自燃災(zāi)害　出處：《中國計(jì)量學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：儲(chǔ)油罐是油庫的重要設(shè)備,一旦發(fā)生爆炸,所造成的損失難以估計(jì)。隨著石油的不斷開采,含硫原油比例大幅攀升,儲(chǔ)罐硫化腐蝕加速,給儲(chǔ)油罐的安全作業(yè)帶來巨大的挑戰(zhàn),致使及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)儲(chǔ)罐自燃火源成為當(dāng)前亟待解決的問題。儲(chǔ)油罐自燃災(zāi)害探測屬于反問題研究范疇,通過建立儲(chǔ)油罐表面溫度場與內(nèi)部自燃災(zāi)源之間的聯(lián)系,對(duì)儲(chǔ)油罐內(nèi)部自燃災(zāi)源進(jìn)行識(shí)別、評(píng)估。導(dǎo)熱反問題在理論研究和實(shí)際應(yīng)用中不斷發(fā)展,尤其是在自燃災(zāi)害的定量探測研究問題上,一直是國內(nèi)外研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。本文在解析中外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)和前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,從儲(chǔ)油罐自燃機(jī)理出發(fā),采用有限元分析、計(jì)算機(jī)模擬和導(dǎo)熱反演算法相結(jié)合的研究方法,提出了基于導(dǎo)熱反問題的儲(chǔ)油罐自燃災(zāi)害探測的理論研究方法。論文從儲(chǔ)油罐自燃機(jī)理研究出發(fā),驗(yàn)證儲(chǔ)罐內(nèi)壁腐蝕物中硫化亞鐵的存在,并擬合硫化亞鐵自燃過程的溫度變化曲線。然后,結(jié)合有限元法和導(dǎo)熱理論,建立儲(chǔ)油罐自燃過程的有限元模擬,通過對(duì)模型進(jìn)行加載求解,得出儲(chǔ)油罐整個(gè)自燃過程中任意時(shí)刻的三維溫度場及任意路徑下的二維溫度變化曲線;并通過改變自燃災(zāi)源參數(shù)、保溫層厚度、所處環(huán)境溫度及空氣對(duì)流系數(shù)等邊界條件對(duì)模型進(jìn)行反復(fù)計(jì)算,分析在不同影響因素下含自燃災(zāi)害儲(chǔ)油罐溫度場變化的規(guī)律,總結(jié)其對(duì)外壁面異常區(qū)域的溫度分布和自燃災(zāi)源探測的影響,實(shí)現(xiàn)了溫度場可視化三維輸出。最后,針對(duì)導(dǎo)熱反問題,運(yùn)用反演算法對(duì)不同情況下的儲(chǔ)油罐自燃災(zāi)害進(jìn)行反演識(shí)別和信息評(píng)估,并與已有溫度場數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果證明了該自燃災(zāi)害探測研究方法的有效性�；趦�(chǔ)油罐自燃機(jī)理,將有限元分析與導(dǎo)熱反問題相結(jié)合,對(duì)儲(chǔ)油罐自燃過程的溫度場進(jìn)行模擬研究。論文提出了儲(chǔ)油罐自燃的有限元模型,經(jīng)過導(dǎo)熱運(yùn)算和反問題研究,分別證明了儲(chǔ)罐溫度場動(dòng)態(tài)模型和導(dǎo)熱反演算法是可行的,為儲(chǔ)油罐自燃災(zāi)害實(shí)現(xiàn)無損檢測提供理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Oil storage tanks are important equipment for oil depots. Once explosion occurs, the damage caused by oil storage tanks is difficult to estimate. With the continuous exploitation of oil, the proportion of crude oil containing sulfur increases dramatically, and the sulphide corrosion of storage tanks accelerates, which brings great challenges to the safe operation of oil storage tanks. It is an urgent problem to find the source of spontaneous combustion of oil tank in time. The detection of natural combustion disaster of oil tank belongs to the research of inverse problem. By establishing the relationship between the surface temperature field of oil storage tank and the disaster source of internal spontaneous combustion, the relationship between the natural combustion disaster source and the surface temperature field of the oil storage tank is established. Identifying and evaluating the sources of spontaneous combustion disaster in oil storage tanks. The inverse problem of thermal conductivity has been developing in theory and practical application, especially in quantitative detection of spontaneous combustion disasters. In this paper, based on the analysis of relevant literature and previous research results, starting from the mechanism of oil tank spontaneous combustion, finite element analysis is used. Based on the research method of computer simulation and heat conduction inversion algorithm, the theoretical research method of oil tank spontaneous combustion disaster detection based on heat conduction inverse problem is put forward. The existence of ferrous sulfide in the corrosion material of the inner wall of the tank is verified, and the temperature variation curve of the spontaneous combustion process of the iron sulfide is fitted. Then, the finite element simulation of the spontaneous combustion process of the oil tank is established by combining the finite element method and the heat conduction theory. By loading and solving the model, the three-dimensional temperature field at any time and the two-dimensional temperature change curve under any path during the whole spontaneous combustion process of the oil storage tank are obtained, and by changing the parameters of the spontaneous combustion disaster source, the thickness of the insulating layer is obtained. Boundary conditions such as ambient temperature and air convection coefficient were calculated repeatedly to analyze the variation of temperature field of oil storage tank with spontaneous combustion disaster under different influence factors. This paper summarizes the influence of temperature distribution and the detection of spontaneous combustion disaster source in the anomalous area of external wall, and realizes the visualization of three-dimensional output of temperature field. Finally, aiming at the inverse problem of thermal conductivity, The inversion algorithm is used to identify and evaluate the information of oil tank spontaneous combustion disaster under different conditions, and the results are compared with the existing temperature field data. The results show that the method is effective. Based on the mechanism of oil tank spontaneous combustion, the finite element analysis is combined with the inverse problem of heat conduction. In this paper, the finite element model of oil tank spontaneous combustion is put forward, and the dynamic model of temperature field and the inversion algorithm of heat conduction are proved to be feasible through the calculation of heat conduction and the research of inverse problem. It provides a theoretical basis for nondestructive testing of oil tank spontaneous combustion disaster.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國計(jì)量學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE88

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