本文選題：減阻劑　切入點(diǎn)：減阻率　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：減阻劑對(duì)頁巖氣、煤層氣、致密氣等非常規(guī)油氣資源的商業(yè)開發(fā)具有重要意義,目前我國各大油田壓裂施工中使用的減阻劑主要是線性胍膠或者國外減阻劑產(chǎn)品(如J313),故有必要進(jìn)行高效能減阻劑的國產(chǎn)化研究。本文從高分子聚合物的減阻機(jī)理入手,通過反相微乳液聚合法合成了一種高性能的減阻劑BCG。本文主要包括以下幾個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容：(1)通過理論分析和分子模擬計(jì)術(shù)確定了N-正十六烷基丙烯酰胺作為高聚物減阻劑中的長(zhǎng)支鏈單體。(2)以丙烯酰氯和十六胺為反應(yīng)物合成了一種長(zhǎng)鏈單體DB,并通過紅外光譜分析、元素分析和核磁分析對(duì)其進(jìn)行了分析鑒定,結(jié)果表明它就是目標(biāo)單體N-正十六烷基丙烯酰胺。(3)在4組復(fù)合乳化劑中優(yōu)選出了在本體系(分散介質(zhì)為5#白油)中配伍性最好的SP80和TW60作為制備反相微乳液的復(fù)合乳化劑；并在此基礎(chǔ)上研究了水相單體濃度、復(fù)合乳化劑HLB值、復(fù)合乳化劑用量和電解質(zhì)乙酸鈉用量對(duì)反相微乳液最大增容量、電導(dǎo)率、穩(wěn)定性的影響,確定了本體系反相微乳液的最佳配方是水相單體濃度為46%,復(fù)合乳化劑的HLB值為7.7,復(fù)合乳化劑占油相質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為24%,電解質(zhì)乙酸鈉占水相質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為2%。(4)分別在(NH4)2S2O8-NaHSO3和AIBA-AIBN兩種引發(fā)體系下,通過正交試驗(yàn)研究了引發(fā)劑用量、引發(fā)劑之間的比例、長(zhǎng)鏈單體DB的濃度、反應(yīng)溫度對(duì)所合成聚合物的減阻率、特性粘數(shù)、固含量、溶解時(shí)間、穩(wěn)定性的影響,確定了在本體系中合成高聚物減阻劑的最佳條件：引發(fā)劑占單體總質(zhì)量的0.3%；AIBA和AIBN的質(zhì)量比為0.8：1；聚合反應(yīng)溫度為40℃；長(zhǎng)鏈單體DB占單體總質(zhì)量的0.8%。(5)在最佳條件下合成的高聚物減阻劑BCG含有三種聚合單體的特征基團(tuán),表明減阻劑BCG就是目標(biāo)聚合物；減阻劑BCG特性粘數(shù)為23.34 dL.g-1；固含量45.78%,溶解時(shí)間1.3min；穩(wěn)定時(shí)間60天以上；重均分子量為(8.74±0.32)×106g·mol-1;平均粒徑為87.5nm；質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.1%時(shí),在內(nèi)徑為8mm和10mm的測(cè)試管路中,與清水相比減阻率分別可達(dá)78.8%和73.6%,減阻性能同國外產(chǎn)品J313的減阻性能相當(dāng)。(6)在70℃,170s-1的條件下,質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)為0.1%的減阻劑BCG經(jīng)過100分鐘的連續(xù)剪切后,粘度在5mPa·s左右,粘度保持率可達(dá)60%；同時(shí)減阻劑BCG同助排劑DB-80、無機(jī)防膨劑KCl均具有良好的配伍性,完全可以應(yīng)用于滑溜水壓裂液中。
[Abstract]:Drag reducers are of great significance to the commercial development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas, coalbed methane, dense gas, etc. At present, the drag-reducing agents used in fracturing operation of major oilfields in China are mainly linear guanidine gel or foreign drag-reducing agent products (such as J313C), so it is necessary to study the localization of high efficiency drag-reducing agents. This paper starts with the drag reduction mechanism of polymer. A high performance drag reducing agent BCG was synthesized by reverse microemulsion polymerization. This paper mainly includes the following aspects: 1) N- hexadecyl acrylamide as a polymer was determined by theoretical analysis and molecular simulation. A long chain monomer DBs was synthesized by using acryloyl chloride and 16 amine as reactants. Element analysis and nuclear magnetic analysis were used to analyze and identify them. The results showed that it was the target monomer N- cetylacrylamide. 3) in the four groups of composite emulsifiers, SP80 and TW60, which had the best compatibility in the system (dispersing medium as white oil), were selected as the composite emulsifiers for the preparation of inverse microemulsion. On this basis, the effects of the concentration of aqueous monomer, the HLB value of composite emulsifier, the amount of compound emulsifier and the amount of electrolyte sodium acetate on the maximum capacity, conductivity and stability of reversed-phase microemulsion were studied. The optimum formula of the reverse microemulsion is that the concentration of aqueous monomer is 46, the HLB value of composite emulsifier is 7. 7, the mass fraction of compound emulsifier is 24%, the mass fraction of electrolyte sodium acetate to water phase is 2. 4) the ratio of NH 4 O 2 S 2O 8 NaHSO 3 and AIBA-AIBN is 2%. In two initiation systems, The effects of the amount of initiator, the ratio between initiators, the concentration of long chain monomer DB and the reaction temperature on the drag reduction rate, intrinsic viscosity, solid content, dissolution time and stability of the synthesized polymer were studied by orthogonal test. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of polymer drag reducer in this system were determined: the mass ratio of initiator to monomer was 0.8: 1, the polymerization temperature was 40 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1560440