本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水平井 水力加壓原理 CZ 型水力加壓器 振動(dòng) 拖壓　出處：《西安石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著油氣田開(kāi)發(fā)難度增加,水平井鉆井技術(shù)應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛,然而由于水平井井眼軌跡的特殊性導(dǎo)致水平段鉆壓難以施加,形成“拖壓”問(wèn)題,嚴(yán)重影響鉆井時(shí)效和鉆井安全。因此,提高水平段鉆壓對(duì)于解決拖壓?jiǎn)栴}至關(guān)重要。國(guó)內(nèi)外提出了兩類井下液壓傳動(dòng)工具來(lái)解決拖壓?jiǎn)栴},其中,以滑動(dòng)式加壓的有連續(xù)管減摩器和水力加壓器,以旋轉(zhuǎn)式加壓的有液壓沖擊器�；瑒�(dòng)式加壓存在易在水平段的下井壁堆積巖屑床的問(wèn)題,而旋轉(zhuǎn)式液壓沖擊器存在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜,應(yīng)用成本高的問(wèn)題。本文繼承前人研究,結(jié)合了滑動(dòng)加壓和旋轉(zhuǎn)加壓兩類井下液壓傳動(dòng)工具的優(yōu)點(diǎn),以機(jī)械工程、水力學(xué)和振動(dòng)學(xué)相關(guān)理論為基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計(jì)了一種新型的旋沖式CZ型水力加壓器,該工具由多級(jí)增壓缸串聯(lián)構(gòu)成,外部有旋轉(zhuǎn)滾珠,末級(jí)活塞缸設(shè)計(jì)安裝彈簧。使得工具在工作過(guò)程中既能以旋轉(zhuǎn)形式帶動(dòng)水平段的巖屑順利返排,又能通過(guò)彈簧和活塞回程起到吸振作用,減緩了鉆柱的振動(dòng),保證了鉆頭施加鉆壓的平穩(wěn)性。最后,在設(shè)計(jì)了三種不同級(jí)數(shù)的CZ型水力加壓器的基礎(chǔ)上,研究了CZ型水力加壓器的對(duì)鉆頭的吸振理論,給出了CZ型水力加壓器和鉆頭振動(dòng)關(guān)系式并進(jìn)行求解;同時(shí)研究活塞的縱向振動(dòng)和活塞桿的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。通過(guò)實(shí)例計(jì)算結(jié)果表明,CZ型水力加壓器提高的鉆壓增量可超過(guò)原鉆壓的10%,有效提高了水平段鉆進(jìn)效率。
[Abstract]:With the increasing difficulty of oil and gas field development, horizontal well drilling technology is more and more widely used. However, due to the particularity of horizontal wellbore trajectory, it is difficult to apply drilling pressure in horizontal section, thus forming the problem of "towing pressure". Therefore, it is very important to improve the horizontal drilling pressure to solve the towing problem. Two kinds of downhole hydraulic transmission tools are put forward to solve the towing problem. There are continuous pipe friction reducers and hydraulic pressure boosters with sliding pressure, and hydraulic impingers with rotary pressure. There is the problem of easy accumulation of cuttings bed on the bottom wall of horizontal section by sliding pressure. The rotary hydraulic impactor has the problems of complicated structure design and high application cost. This paper inherits the previous research and combines the advantages of two kinds of downhole hydraulic transmission tools, sliding pressure and rotary pressure, in order to mechanical engineering, Based on the related theories of hydraulics and vibration, a new type of rotary impact CZ type hydraulic charger is designed. The tool is composed of multi-stage pressurized cylinders in series, and there are rotating balls on the outside. The design and installation of spring for the final piston cylinder makes the tool not only drive the cuttings of horizontal section smoothly in the form of rotation, but also absorb vibration through spring and piston return, thus slowing down the vibration of drill string. Finally, on the basis of designing three different series of CZ type hydraulic pressure booster, the theory of the CZ type hydraulic pressure regulator to the bit is studied. The relationship between CZ type hydraulic charger and bit vibration is given and solved. At the same time, the longitudinal vibration of the piston and the motion law of the piston rod are studied. The results of practical calculation show that the increment of drilling pressure increased by CZ type hydraulic charger can exceed 10% of the original drilling pressure, and the drilling efficiency of horizontal section is improved effectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE242

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本文編號(hào)：1526013