本文關鍵詞： 埋地管道 防腐層破損點 電磁法檢測 分布特性 仿真研究　出處：《西南石油大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：目前我國己建成的油氣長輸管道遍布全國,95%以上埋藏于地下。由于外防腐層長時間埋地,易出現(xiàn)破損、老化、剝離和脫落等現(xiàn)象,會發(fā)生管道腐蝕和穿孔,引發(fā)泄露、火災、爆炸等事故,造成重大經(jīng)濟損失、人員傷亡和環(huán)境污染。及時掌握管道腐蝕程度,進行防腐層的檢測工作是保證管道安全運行的重要環(huán)節(jié)�；陔姶欧ǖ穆竦毓艿婪栏瘜訖z測技術是目前國內外應用最廣泛的檢測技術之一,但現(xiàn)階段針對其檢測過程中產生的磁場分布特性的研究相對較少,是埋地管道防腐層電磁檢測亟待進一步開展研究的問題。 本文在調研國內外埋地管道電磁檢測技術的基礎上,開展了相關理論研究,提出了檢測電磁信號的內部影響因素；采用有限元仿真技術,對防腐層存在不同面積缺陷和埋地管道不同管徑情況進行了仿真分析研究,得到了磁場分布特性的變化規(guī)律；并針對仿真結果進行了數(shù)據(jù)擬合,得到了在不同管徑情況下磁場強度衰減量與破損點面積的明確關系式,接著在現(xiàn)場進行了檢測實驗,驗證了仿真結果及擬合關系式的合理性,最后在結合大量現(xiàn)場資料調研和分析結果的基礎上,提出了防腐層局部破損點電磁檢測的評價方案,研究成果對埋地管道防腐層電磁檢測技術在現(xiàn)場的應用具有一定的指導意義。 具體開展工作及取得成果如下： (1)對埋地管道防腐層電磁檢測技術進行了闡述,針對其檢測原理進行了深入理論研究分析,根據(jù)理論分析結果提出了電磁檢測信號的影響因素,即防腐層破損點不同面積和埋地管道不同管徑。 (2)利用有限元方法實現(xiàn)了埋地管道防腐層破損點電磁檢測過程的仿真模擬,建立了防腐層存在不同面積破損點和埋地管道不同管徑模型,通過仿真研究分別得到了各情況下的磁場分布特性變化規(guī)律,為該技術在現(xiàn)場的檢測應用提供了有力的理論依據(jù)。 (3)利用有限元軟件對埋地管道防腐層存在不同面積破損點及埋地管道不同管徑兩種情況進行了交叉仿真分析,對仿真結果進行了數(shù)據(jù)擬合,得到了在埋地管道不同管徑情況下磁場強度衰減量與防腐層破損點面積的明確關系式,對現(xiàn)場實際檢測評價工作有重大參考價值。 (4)開展了現(xiàn)場實地埋地管道防腐層破損點電磁檢測實驗,通過實驗的方法進行研究,得到了與仿真及擬合結果相似的結論,從而驗證了仿真模型、仿真結果及擬合公式的合理可行性,為進一步開展相關研究奠定基礎。 (5)通過對大量的現(xiàn)場實際情況的資料調研及統(tǒng)計分析,并結合仿真和擬合得到的各個管徑下磁場衰減量與破損點面積的關系式的基礎上,提出了針對基于電磁法的埋地管道3PE防腐層局部破損點檢測,以破損點的等效破損面積大小作為判據(jù)的分級評價方法。
[Abstract]:At present, more than 95% of the long distance oil and gas pipelines built in China are buried underground. Due to the long term burial of the external anticorrosion coating, it is easy to appear such phenomena as breakage, aging, stripping and shedding, etc., which will lead to pipeline corrosion and perforation, causing leakage and fire. Accidents such as explosions have resulted in major economic losses, casualties and environmental pollution. The extent of pipeline corrosion should be grasped in a timely manner, The inspection of anticorrosive coating is an important link to ensure the safe operation of pipeline. The detection technology of buried pipeline anticorrosion coating based on electromagnetic method is one of the most widely used detection technologies at home and abroad. However, there are few researches on the magnetic field distribution in the detection process, which is an urgent problem for the electromagnetic detection of buried pipeline anticorrosion coating. Based on the investigation of electromagnetic detection technology of buried pipeline at home and abroad, this paper has carried out relevant theoretical research, put forward the internal influencing factors of detecting electromagnetic signal, adopted finite element simulation technology, In this paper, the characteristics of magnetic field distribution are analyzed and analyzed by simulation, and the simulation results are analyzed, and the simulation results are simulated. The explicit relationship between the attenuation of magnetic field intensity and the area of the damaged point is obtained under different pipe diameters, and then the test results are carried out in the field to verify the rationality of the simulation results and the fitting relationship. Finally, based on the investigation and analysis of a large number of field data, an evaluation scheme for electromagnetic detection of local damage points of anticorrosive coating is proposed. The research results have certain guiding significance for the application of electromagnetic detection technology of buried pipeline anticorrosion coating in the field. The specific work carried out and the results achieved are as follows:. 1) the electromagnetic detection technology of buried pipeline anticorrosion coating is expounded, and the testing principle is studied and analyzed in theory. According to the theoretical analysis results, the influencing factors of electromagnetic detection signal are put forward. That is, different areas of damaged points and different pipe diameters of buried pipelines. 2) using finite element method to realize the simulation of electromagnetic detection process of corrosion protection point of buried pipeline, the model of different damage points and different pipe diameter of buried pipeline is established. Through the simulation research, the variation law of magnetic field distribution characteristics is obtained, which provides a powerful theoretical basis for the detection and application of the technology in the field. 3) using finite element software, the cross-simulation analysis is carried out on the two cases of different damaged points of corrosion protection coating and different pipe diameter of buried pipeline, and the simulation results are fitted with the data. The explicit relationship between the magnetic field intensity attenuation and the area of the damage point of the anticorrosive coating under different pipe diameters of buried pipeline is obtained, which is of great reference value to the field actual inspection and evaluation work. (4) the electromagnetic detection experiment of the damaged point of buried pipeline is carried out on the spot. The results are similar to those of simulation and fitting results, and the simulation model is verified by the method of experiment. The results of simulation and the reasonable feasibility of fitting formula lay a foundation for further research. 5) based on the investigation and statistical analysis of a large number of field data, and the relationship between the attenuation of magnetic field and the area of damaged points under various pipe diameters obtained by simulation and fitting, Based on electromagnetic method, this paper presents a hierarchical evaluation method for the detection of local damage points of 3PE anticorrosion coating of buried pipeline. The equivalent damage area of the damage point is taken as the criterion.
【學位授予單位】：西南石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE988.2

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本文編號：1511225