本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高強鋼 滑坡 地震 凍脹 安全性　出處：《北京交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國天然氣使用量的逐年提高,天然氣埋地管線尤其是高強鋼埋地管線正在長距離大跨度的敷設(shè)。管線的穿越地帶,地質(zhì)地貌復(fù)雜多變,地下結(jié)構(gòu)及潛在災(zāi)害難以全面估計,因此天然氣管線在地質(zhì)災(zāi)害下破壞事故頻發(fā),造成了巨大的經(jīng)濟損失和能源浪費,甚至還威脅到了人們的生命安全。在眾多地質(zhì)災(zāi)害中,以滑坡、地震及多年凍土區(qū)的凍脹災(zāi)害最為典型。上述三種典型地質(zhì)災(zāi)害均是發(fā)生較為頻繁,發(fā)生過程比較劇烈,危害程度嚴重,極易造成管道的屈曲變形、應(yīng)力集中,甚至斷裂和爆炸。因此,對典型地質(zhì)災(zāi)害下高強鋼埋地管線的安全性進行研究,對于分析管線安全性因素的影響規(guī)律,管線敷設(shè)及后期維護都具有較大的意義。 1.根據(jù)滑坡多發(fā)地區(qū)的實際工況條件,建立了管溝開挖前和開挖后的邊坡二維分析模型,研究了邊坡的穩(wěn)定性：建立了三維邊坡加入抗滑樁前后穩(wěn)定性分析模型,提出了提高邊坡穩(wěn)定性的方案。應(yīng)用解析法對滑坡作用下管道的力學(xué)行為進行了研究；應(yīng)用有限元法對滑坡作用下管道的位移變化及應(yīng)力進行了計算,整理了計算結(jié)果,結(jié)果表明：滑坡災(zāi)害發(fā)生后,管線將直接受到滑坡體的沖擊,伴隨著滑坡體的下滑,管線將發(fā)生屈曲變形,并且隨著下滑位移的增大,管線變形增大,接近屈服極限后,變形量逐漸減小。超過屈服極限,管線進入塑性變形階段。在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了滑坡規(guī)模、邊坡角度、場地土類型及管道埋深等因素對管線安全性的影響規(guī)律。 2.建立了三維地震作用下管道分析模型,對模型施加粘彈性人工邊界及地震波譜進行計算,將計算結(jié)果進行了分析。管道的軸向應(yīng)力隨著地震波加速度峰值、管道的徑厚比和管土摩擦角的增大而增大,隨著管徑的增大而減小,管道埋深的軸向應(yīng)力影響不大。 3.通過對土壤凍脹機理的分析及凍脹特性試驗的研究,建立了多年凍土區(qū)土壤溫度場和凍脹作用下管道分析有限元模型,結(jié)合格拉線相關(guān)實際工況,對多年凍土區(qū)管道在凍脹作用下的安全性進行了研究。分析了不同溫度及不同管道埋深下管線的安全性。隨著溫度的降低,管道的上浮位移和最大應(yīng)力均增大,雖然并未達到管道的屈服極限,但是常年的溫度變化和低溫影響造成的應(yīng)力作用卻有可能使管道產(chǎn)生較大變形；隨著埋深的增加,管道上浮位移減小,但是最大應(yīng)力增大。 本文對三種典型地質(zhì)災(zāi)害下高強鋼埋地管線的安全性進行了研究,對于上述災(zāi)害多發(fā)地區(qū)的管線敷設(shè)和后期維護均具有實際意義。
[Abstract]:With the increasing use of natural gas in China, natural gas buried pipeline, especially high-strength steel buried pipeline, is being laid over a long distance and long span. It is difficult to estimate underground structure and potential disasters, so natural gas pipeline damage accidents occur frequently under geological disasters, resulting in huge economic losses and energy waste. Among the many geological disasters, landslide, earthquake and frost heave in permafrost region are the most typical. The above three typical geological disasters occur frequently. The process of occurrence is severe and the degree of harm is serious. It is easy to cause buckling deformation, stress concentration, even fracture and explosion of pipeline. Therefore, the safety of high-strength steel buried pipeline under typical geological disasters is studied. For analyzing the influence of pipeline safety factors, pipeline laying and later maintenance are of great significance. 1. According to the actual working conditions in the landslide prone area, the two-dimensional analysis model of the slope before and after the excavation of the pipe trench is established. The stability of the slope is studied: the stability analysis model of the three-dimensional slope before and after adding anti-slide pile is established, and the scheme to improve the slope stability is put forward. The mechanical behavior of the pipeline under the action of the landslide is studied by using the analytical method. The finite element method is used to calculate the displacement and stress of the pipeline under the action of landslide. The results show that the pipeline will be directly impacted by the landslide body after the landslide disaster occurs. Along with the slide of the landslide, the pipeline will be buckling deformation, and with the increase of the sliding displacement, the pipeline deformation will increase, close to the yield limit, the amount of deformation will gradually decrease and exceed the yield limit. On the basis of this, the influence of landslide scale, slope angle, site soil type and pipeline depth on pipeline safety is studied. 2. The pipeline analysis model under the action of 3D earthquake is established, and the viscoelastic artificial boundary and seismic spectrum are calculated. The calculated results are analyzed. The axial stress of the pipeline increases with the peak of seismic acceleration, the ratio of diameter to thickness and the friction angle of pipe and soil, and decreases with the increase of pipe diameter. The axial stress of pipeline buried depth has little effect. 3. Through the analysis of soil frost heaving mechanism and the research of frost heave characteristic test, the soil temperature field in permafrost region and the finite element model of pipeline analysis under frost heave action are established. The safety of pipeline in permafrost region under frost heaving is studied. The safety of pipeline under different temperature and buried depth is analyzed. With the decrease of temperature, the floating displacement and maximum stress of pipeline increase. Although the yield limit of the pipeline is not reached, the stress caused by the annual temperature change and the influence of low temperature may cause the pipeline to produce large deformation. With the increase of buried depth, the floating displacement of pipeline decreases, but the maximum stress increases. In this paper, the safety of high strength steel buried pipelines under three typical geological disasters is studied, which is of practical significance for the laying and later maintenance of pipelines in the disaster-prone areas mentioned above.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TE88

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